-
Visitor Code
Arrive
with nothing that can harm New Zealand
If
you
are
arriving
from
overseas,
bring
no
food,
animal
or
plant
material
into
the country. If in
doubt declare it to Customs.
Protect plants and
animals
Never allow dogs or
other pets to run freely in areas of nesting
birds, other
wildlife, or where
sighposted.
Get
rid of rubbish
Always
get
rid
of
your
rubbish
properly
and
recycle
waste.
glass,
paper)
where
possible.
Be considerate with other
waste
If
using
a
portable
toilet
always
throw
away
your
toilet
waste
at
a
proper
waste
station.
In
the
back
country,
bury
your
toilet
waste
in
a
shallow
hole
away
from
waterway.
Keep New Zealand’s water
clean
Because
soaps
and
other
wastes
can
harm
waterways,
be
careful
your
washing
water
doesn’t pollute the s
ea
lakes and rivers.
Take care with fires
Always observe district fire bans. Be
careful if you smoke or have an outdoor
fire or barbecue, make sure ashes are
cold before leaving.
Camp or picnic carefully
When camping or picnicking, use
facilities provided.
Keep to the track
Keep
to
the
track,
where
one
exists,
so
you
lessen
the
chance
of
damaging
fragile
plants.
Be considerate
When driving, minimize noise and
observe no smoking signs.
56. According to Visitor Code, visitors
could act_______.
A. with
care and respect B. with relief and pleasure
C. with caution and
calmness D. with
attention and observation
57. What are you encouraged to do when
travelling in New Zealand
A. Take your own camping facilities.
B. Bury glass far away from
rivers.
C. Follow the
track for the sake of plants.
D. Observe signs to approach nesting
birds.
B
In the United
States alone, over 100 million cell-phones are
thrown away each
year.
Cell-
phones
are
part
of
a
growing
mountain
of
electronic
waste
like
computers
and personal digital assistants. The
electronic waste stream is increasing three
times faster than traditional garbage
as a general.
Electronic
devices
contain
valuable
metals
such
as
gold
and
silver.
A
Swiss
study
reported that while the weight of
electronic goods represented by precious metals
was relatively small in comparison to
traditional waste, the
concentration(
含量
)
of gold
and other
precious metal was
higher in
so-called e-waste than in naturally
occurring minerals.
Electronic wastes also contain many
poisonous metals. Even when the
machine…
and the harmful metals
removed, the recycled process often is carried out
in poor
countries, in practically
uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous
substances
to escape into the
environment.
Creating
products out of raw materials creates much more
waste material, up to
100
times
more,
than
the
material
contained
in
the
finished
products.
Consider
again
the cell-phone, and imagine the mines
that produced those metals, the factories
needed
to
make
the
box
and
packaging
it
came
in.
Many
wastes
produced
in
the
producing
process are
harmful as well.
The .
Environment Protection Agency notes that most
waste is dangerous in that
“the
production,
distribution,
and
use
of
products
---
as
well
as
management
of
the
resulting
waste---all
result
in
greenhouse
release.
Individuals
can
make
contributions by
creating less waste at… buying reusable products
and recycling.
In many
countries, the concept of extended producer
responsibility is being
considered or
has been put in place as an
incentive(
动机
) for reducing
waste. If
producers
are
required
to
take
back
packaging
they
use
to
sell
their
products,
would
they reduce the packaging in the first
place
Governments’ incentive
to require producers to take responsibility for
the
packaging they process should be
based on money. Why, they ask, should cities or
towns
be
responsible
to
deal
with
the
bubble
wrap(
气
泡
垫
)
that
encased
your
television
From
the governments’ point of view, a primary goal of
laws requiring extended
producer
responsibility
is
to
transfer
both
the
cost
and
the
physical
responsibility
of waste
management from the government and tax-payers back
to the producers.
58. By…
the Swiss study, the author intended to tell
us________.
A. the weight
of e-goods is rather small
B. e-waste deserves to be made good use
of
C. natural materials
contains more precious metals
D. the percentage of precious metals
is heavy in e-waste
59. The
responsibility of e-
waste…transfer
______.
A. from producers
to governments B. from governments to producers
C. from individuals to
distributors D. from to governments
60. What does the passage mainly talk
about
A. The increase in
e-waste B. The creation of e-waste C. The
seriousness
of e-waste D. The
management of e-waste
C
Suppose you
become a leader in an organization. It’s very
likely that you’ll
want to have
volunteers to help with the organization’s
activities. To do so, it
should
help
to
understand
why
people
undertake
volunteer
work
and
what
keeps
their
interests in the
work.
Let’s
begin
with
the
question
of
why
people
volunteer.
Researchers
have
identified
several
factors
that
motivate
people
to
get
started.
For
example,
people
volunteer
to
express
personal
values
related
to
unselfishness,
to
expand
their
range
of experiences and to
develop social relationships. If volunteer
positions do not
meet
those
needs,
people
may
not
wish
to
participate.
To
select
volunteers,
you
may
need to
understand the motivation of the people you wish
to attract.
People also
volunteer because they are required to do so. To
increase levels of
opportunity
given,
some
schools
have
launched
volunteer
programmes.
Unlike….
can
…people’s
wish
of
participation
from
an
internal
factor
.
“I
volunteer
because
it’s
important
to
me.”)
to
an
external
factor
.
“I
volunteer
because
I’m
prepared
to
do
so.”)
When
that
happens,
people
become
less
likely
to
volunteer
in
the
future.
People must be
sensitive to this possibility when they make
volunteer activity a
must.
Once
people
begin
to
volunteer,
what
leads
them
to
remain
in
their
positions
over
time
To
answer
this
question,
researchers
have
conducted
follow-up
studies
in
which
they
track volunteers over time. For instance, one
study followed volunteers in
Florida
over
a
year.
One
of
the
most important
factors
that
influenced
their
satisfactions as
volunteers was the amount of suffering they
experienced in their
volunteer
positions.
Although
this
result
may
not
support
you,
it
leads
to
important
practical
advice.
The
researchers
note
that
attention
should
be
given
to
“training
methods
that
would
prepare
volunteers…
them
with
strategies
for
…
with
the
problem
they
experience.”
Another study
of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused
on individual
differences
in
the
degree
to
which
people
view
“volunteer”
as
an
important
social
role. It was
estimated that those people …the role of volunteer
… part of their
personal …be more
likely to continue volunteer work. Participants
indicated the
degree
to
which
social
role
matters
by
responding
to
statements
such
as
“Volunteering
at
hospitals
is
an
important
part
of
who
I
am.”
Consistent
with
the
researchers’ expectations, they focused
a positive cohesion(正相关
) between the
strength
of
role
identity
and
the
lengths
of
time
people
contributed
to
volunteer.
These… again, lead to concrete advice.
“Once an individual begins volunteering,
continued effort to focus on developing
volunteer role….”
61. People
volunteer mainly out of__________.
A. academic requirements B. social
expectations C. financial rewards D.
internal needs
62. What can we learn from Florida
study
A. Follow up studies
should last for one year.
B. Volunteers should get mentally
prepared.
C. Volunteer
training is a must in research.
D. Volunteers are provided with
concrete advice.
63. What is
most likely to motivate volunteers to continue
their work
A.
individual
differences
in
role
identity.
B.
Publicly
identifiable
volunteer
T-shirt.
C.
Role identity as a volunteer. D. Practical
advice from researchers.
64.
What is the best title of the passage