-
Reading Comprehension
(January,
2015)
Passage 1
Packaging is
an important form of advertising. A package can
sometimes motivate
someone to buy a
product. For example, a small child may ask for a
breakfast food that
comes
in
a
box
with
a
picture
of
a
TV
character.
The
child
is
more
interested
in
the
picture
than in breakfast food. Pictures for children to
color or to cut out, games printed
on a
package or small gifts inside a box also motivate
many children to buy products, or
to
ask their parents to buy for them.
Some
packages suggest that a buyer will get something
for nothing. Food products
sold
in
reusable
container
are
examples
of
this.
Although
a
similar
product
in
a
plain
container may cost less, people often
prefer to buy the product in a reusable glass or
dish,
because they believe the
container is free. However, the cost of the
container is added to
the cost of the
product.
The size of the package also
motivates a buyer. Maybe the package has “Economy
Size”
or
“Family
Size”
painted
on
it.
This
sugges
ts
that
the
large
size
has
the
most
products for the least money. But that
is not always true. To find out, a buyer has to
know
how the product is sold and the
price of the basic unit.
The
information
on
the
package
should
provide
some
answers.
But
the
important
thing for any buyer to remember is that
a package is often an advertisement. The words
and pictures do not tell the whole
story. Only the product inside can do that.
1.
As used in the passage,
the
word “motivate” most probably
means
______.
A) making one
deep in thought
B) supplying a thought
or feeling that makes one act
C)
providing a story that makes one move
D) making one believe what he does is
just right
2. A buyer will get
something for nothing most probably means that
______.
A) a buyer will get something
useful free of charge
B) a buyer will
get what he pays for
C) a buyer will
gain more than he loses
D) a buyer will
not get what he wants
3. People are
likely to buy the product sold in a glass or dish
because ______.
A) they believe the
cost of the container is included in the cost of
the product
B) the container is too
attractive
C) they think they can get
the container for free
D) they have no
other choice
4.
Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned
in the passage? ______.
A) Package is
often a successful advertisement
B)
Children
are
often
encouraged
to
buy
a
product
by
its
package
with
attractive
pictures
C) A buyer is also attracted by the
size of the container
D) On seeing a
well-designed container, a buyer often neglects
what is in it
5. What suggestion does
the author give in the passage? ______.
A) The quality of the container has
nothing to do with the quality of the product
B) Don’t buy the product
w
hich is sold in a glass or dish
C) A buyer should get what he needs
most
D) The best choice for a buyer is
to get a product in a plain package
Passage 2
China
is
pushing
forward
a
nationwide
trial
on
fortified
(
强化的
)
food,
in
a
bid
to
improve
the health of its citizens. About 30,000 people
from the country’s western region
have
used fortified flour for two years. Their diets
had been improved. This experience
will
be
promoted
throughout
the
country
and
fortified
oil
and
rice
have
also
been
introduced across the
country.
Fortified food refers to food
with nutrients
(
营养
)
added, such as vitamins, calcium
and
iron.
The
nutrition
program
is
expected
to
be
included
in
the
key
projects
for
the
country’s
11th
Five
-Year
Plan
(2006-2010).
A
series
of
rules
and
regulations,
such
as
nutrition rules and
production standards for fortified flour, will
come into effect.
The intake of some
nutrients, such as fat, protein and calories is
often excessive, but
some
other
nutrients,
such
as
vitamins,
are
lacking
in
some
diets,
according
to
some
experts.
At the moment there
are three ways to improve public nutrition ---- a
balanced diet,
food
fortification
and
nutritional
supplements
(
补充
)
.
However,
due
to
China’s
massive
population and its unbalanced economic
development, food fortification is thought to be
the best way of improving public
nutrition in a short period of time.
China started fortifying food in 2002,
while developed countries such as the United
States
have
more
than
50
years
of
such
experience.
“Fortified
foods
do
not
sell
well,
as
the
public still knows
little about it.” Some experts pointed
out.
1. What is
the purpose for China to push forward the plan on
fortified food? .
A) To improve the
health of its citizens
B) To advise its
citizens to use fortified flour
C) To
introduce fortified oil and rice
1
D) To introduce 3 ways to improve
public nutrition
2. What are added to
fortified food? ______.
A) Vitamins
B) Calcium and iron
C) Fat, protein and calories
D) Both A and B
3. Where is
the nutrition program expected to be included?
______.
A) In a series of rules and
regulations
B) In nutrition rules
C) In the key projects for the
country’s 11
th
Five-Year
Plan
D) In production standards
4. Which of the following statements is
NOT true? ______.
A) Some nutrients are
lacking in some diets
B) China started
fortifying food nearly around years earlier than
U.S.
C) Food fortification is thought
to be the best way of improving public nutrition
now
D) There are 3 ways to improve
public nutrition at the moment
5. Why
don’t the fortified foods sell well?
______.
A) Because the
public know little about them
B)
Because the prices are higher
C)
Because fortified foods don’t taste good
D) Because fat, protein and
calories in fortified foods are often excessive
Passage 3
A
moment’s
drilling
by
the
dentists
may
make
us
nervous
and
upset.
Many
of
us
cannot stand pain. To
avoid the pain of a drilling that may last perhaps
a minute or two,
we demand the “needle”
that deadens the nerves around the
tooth.
Now it’s
true th
at human body has developed
millions of nerves to be highly aware
of what goes on both inside and outside
of it. This helps us adjust to the world. Without
our nerves ---- and our brain, which is
a bundle of nerves ----
we wouldn’t
know what’s
happening. But we pay for
our sensitivity. We can feel pain when the
slightest thing is
wrong with any part
of our body. The history of torture is based on
the human body being
open to pain.
But there is a way to
handle pain. Look at the Indian Fakir who sits on
a bed of nails.
Fakirs
can
put
a
needle
right
through
an
arm,
and
feel
no
pain.
This
ability
that
some
humans have developed to handle pain
should give us ideas about how the mind can deal
with pain.
The
big thing in withstanding pain is our attitude
towards it. If the dentist says, “This
2
will hurt a
little”, it helps us to accept the pain. By
staying relaxed, and by treating the
pain as an interesting sensation, we
can handle the pain without falling apart. After
all,
although pain is an unpleasant
sensation, it is still a sensation, and sensations
are the stuff
of life.
1. The purpose of this passage is
mainly to tell us ______.
A) that pain
is good for us
B) to stop taking the
“needle” at the dentist’s
C) how to handle pain
D) how
to avoid torture
2. The sense of pain
can ______.
A) let us know what’s going
on in any part of our body
B) make us open to torture
C) make us pay for our sensitivity
D) help us get more sensations
3. The best way to ease pain is to
______.
A) do what the Indian Fakirs do
B) welcome it
C)
know about it in advance
D)
treat it as an interesting sensation
4.
In
the
first
sentence
of
the
last
paragraph
the
word
“withstanding”
probably
means
______.
A)
accepting
B) avoiding
C) handling
D) curing
5. “We pay for our
sensitivity” (paragraph 2) means
______.
A) it was fortunate
for humans to have developed this sensitivity
B) we suffer because of this
sensitivity
C) we know very well how to
cope with sensations of pain
D) we have
to pay the dentist for his treatment of our teeth
Passage 4
Governments at all levels face a tough
task in better managing and serving migrant
populations.
The municipal
government of Shanghai carried out a residence
certificate system in
2002, granting
migrant laborers some treatments enjoyed by their
urban counterparts. In
Shenzhen,
the
residence
certificate
has
included
healthcare,
education
and
many
other
contents. The government of Beijing is
also working on a local regulation about migrant
population management that has aroused
much attention.
It is not only a
specific issue of migrant population management
and service but also
an issue
concerning social welfare, public products,
management mechanisms and human
rights.
For
more
than
half
a
century,
permanent
residence
registration
has
been
the
sole
criterion
（标准）
for
one
to
enjoy
urban
public
products
such
as
healthcare,
education,
employment
and
social
security.
Migrant
workers,
though
contributing
to
the
local
economy,
can’t
enjoy
such
products
equally.
Sometimes
they
are
even
guarded
or
discriminated
（
歧视）
against.
Migrant
populations cannot have a sense of belonging to
the city they live in, which
is
no
good
for
social
order
and
stability
and
will
bring
negative
impacts
to
the
management.
Scientific,
rational
（
合理的）
and
just social policies and laws will build our
society in
a positive way. Migrant
laborers, especially those who have realized
stable employment
in the city, should
be granted treatment equal to their urban
counterparts.
1. How long
has the permanent residence registration been the
sole criterion? ______.
A) For more than 20 years
B) For more than 40 years
C) For more
than 50 years
D) For more than 100 years
2. Which of the following is NOT
mentioned in the passage? ______.
A)
It
is
in
2002
that
the
municipal
government
of
Shanghai
carried
out
a
residence
certificate system
B)
It
is
in
Shenzhen
that
the
residence
certificate
has
included
healthcare,
education
and many other contents
C)
It is the compulsory education of migrant children
that all municipal governments
should
pay attention to
D) It is in Beijing that the government
is working on a local regulation about migrant
population management
3. We
can infer from the passage that ______.
A) Migrant
populations want to settle in cities
B) Migrant workers play an
important role in local economy
C) Migrant workers are all
trouble-makers
D) Migrant workers will move out of
cities sooner or later
4
.
What’s the author’s purpose in writing the
passage? ______.
A) To argue
for the importance of equal rights for all
citizens.
B) To
explain the importance of migrant workers.
C)
To show the importance of social stability.
D) To indicate
the importance of municipal governments of all
cities.
5. The best title for the
passage is ______.
A) Equal rights for migrants
B) Social order and stability
C) Migrant
population management
D)
Migrant population service
Passage 5
Although
one
might
not
think
so
from
some
of
the
criticism
of
it,
advertising
is
essential
to
the
kind
of
society
in
which
people
in
the
United
Kingdom,
and
a
very
considerable
proportion
of
the
world
at
large,
live.
Advertising
is
indispensable
as
a
means of
communicating with others, of telling them about
the goods and services that
are
provided, and of which most of them would never
get to hear at all if it were not for
advertising. And advertising is
extremely helpful to promote a rising standard of
living.
In talking about advertising,
one should not think only in terms of a commercial
on
television,
or
an
advertisement
in
the
newspapers
or
periodicals.
In
its
widest
sense,
advertising includes
a host of other activities such as packaging, shop
displays and----in
the
sense
of
communication----even
the
spoken
word
of
the
salesman.
After
all,
the
resources of advertising are to be
found in the market place.
For many
years it was considered that it was enough to
produce goods and supply
services.
It
is
only
more
recently
that
it
has
become
increasingly
understood
that
the
manufacture of goods is
a waste of resources unless those goods can be
sold at a fair price
within a
reasonable time span. In the competitive society
in which we live, it is important
that
we
go
out
and
sell
what
we
have,
and
advertising
plays
an
important
role
in
this
aspect,
whether selling at home or in export markets.
About two percent of the UK gross
national product is relied on advertising. But it
must not be thought that this
advertising tries to sell goods to consumers who
do not want
them. Certainly,
advertising does try to attract the interest of
the potential consumer, but if
the
article
when
purchased
does
not
match
up
to
the
standards
that
the
advertising
suggests that it
will, it is obviously exceedingly unlikely that
the article will sell well.
1. According to the text, advertising
is important to ______.
A) every
potential consumer in the world
B)
large countries in the world
C) people
with a high standard of living
D) a
large number of people in the world
2.
Advertising has its origins in ______.
A) shop window displays and the
wrapping of goods
B) face to face
contact between sellers and buyers
C)
the communicative abilities of a trained sales
person
D) articles in newspapers and
magazines
3. People have realized that
resources are wasted if goods ______.
A) are not of lasting value
B) are not sold
at a high price
C) remain unsold for a
long time
D) remained
unsold in export markets
3
4. The text makes a point that goods
will sell well if ______.
A)
advertisements show the true value of them
B) enough money is spent on advertising
C) advertisements are well designed
D) they are of high quality
5. The best title of this passage would
be ______.
A) Benefits of Advertising
B) A Brief History of Advertising in
the UK
C) Limitations of
Advertising
D) Production
and Advertising
Passage 6
In ancient times the most important
examinations were spoken, not written. In the
schools of ancient Greece and Rome,
testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud
or
giving speeches.
In the European universities of the
Middle Ages,
students who were working
for
advanced
degrees
had
to
discuss
questions
in
their
field
of
study
with
people
who
had
made a
special
study of
the
subject.
This
custom exists
today as
part of the process
of
testing candidates for
the doctor’s degree.
Generally,
however,
modern
examinations
are
written.
Two
types
of
tests
are
common
ly used
in modern schools. The first type is sometimes
called an “objective” test.
It is
intended to deal with facts, not personal
opinions. To make up an objective test the
teacher writes a series of questions,
each of which has only one
correct
answer. Along
with
each
question
the
teacher
writes
the
correct
answer
and
also
three
statements
that
look like answers to
students who have not learned the material
properly.
The
student
has
just
one
task:
he
must
recognize
the
correct
answer
and
copy
its
letter (or number) on his examination
paper.
For testing a student’s memory
of facts and details, the objective test has
advantages.
It
can be scored
very quickly by the teacher or even by a machine.
In a short time the
teacher
can find out a great deal about the
student’s range of
knowledge.
For testing some
kinds of learning, however, such a test is not
very satisfactory. A
lucky student may
guess the correct answer without really knowing
the material.
1. This passage is mainly
about ______.
A) examinations in
ancient times
B) modern examinations
C) how to do well in an examination
4
D) how to set
questions for an examination
2. To get
a doctor’s degree, one has to ______.
A) say poetry aloud
B) give
speeches
C) discuss questions in his
field with experts
D) both A and B
3. The objective test is not very
satisfactory because ______.
A) it is easy and quick to score
B) the teacher can find out
a great
deal
about
the
student’
s
range of knowledge
in
a
short time
C) it shows how deeply the student has
thought about the subject
D) it
contains element of luck
4. Which of
the following statements about the objective test
is NOT true? ______.
A)
Students
who
have
not
learned
the
material
properly
may
fail
to
recognize
the
correct answer.
B) Each
question has more than one correct answer.
C) A lucky student may guess the
correct answer without really knowing the
material.
D)
The
objective
test
has
advantages
for
testing
a
student’s
memory
of
facts
and
details.
5. The next
paragraph will probably deal with ______.
A) the other type of examination
B) the advantages of the objective test
C) how students guess the
correct answer without really knowing the material
D) examinations in the ancient times
Passage 7
In
Britain arrangements for inviting and entertaining
guests at a wedding are usually
the
responsibility of the bride’s family. In most
cases it is mainly friends and relations of
both families who are invited but when
the bride’s father is a businessman of some kind,
the wedding reception may provide a
useful occasion for establishing social
connections
with clients or, customers
and other people whose good will may be of
advantage to him.
It
is,
however,
the
bride’
s
mother
who
has
the
job
of
sending
out
the
formal
printed
invitation cards.
In the case of a church
wedding, the vicar (priest) of each
parish
(
教区
)
in which the
ceremony bride and bridegroom live is
normally informed about a month in advance of
the ceremony so that an announcement of
the coming wedding can be made in church on
each
of
three
Sundays
before
it
takes
place.
Anyone
who
may
know
of
an
existing
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