六级翻译题

1

孔子（

Conf ucius

）是春秋时期（

the Spring and Autumn Period

）的大思想家、

大教育家和儒家学 派（

Confucianism

）的创始人，是古代中国人心目 中的圣人。

孔子的言论和生平活动记录在由他的弟子或再传弟子编成的《论语》（

The

Analects

）一书中。

《论语》是中国古代文化的经典著作。在孔子之后几千年的

中国历史上 ，没有哪一位思想家、文学家和政治家不

受《论语》的影响。 不研

究《论语》，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。

As

a

great

thinker,

educator

and

founder

of

Confucianism

during

the

Spring

and

Autumn

Period,

Confucius

is

a

sage

to

the

ancient

Chinese

words and life story were recorded by his disciples and their students

in

The

Analects.

As

an

enduring

classic

of

Chinese

culture,

The

Analects

has influenced all thinkers, writers and politicians in the thousand

years

’

Chinese

history

after

Confucius.

No

scholar

could

truly

understand

this long-standingculture or the inner world of the ancient Chinese

without this book.

2

< /p>

大约在两千多年前，中国就出现了蜡染（

waxprinting

）。在中国服饰中，蜡染

是一种流传

时间长、流行范围大、使用领域广的服装工艺。蜡染是在布匹着色

的过程中，以蜂蜡（

beeswax

）

作为防止染色的材料。蜂蜡干了之后，会产生一

些裂纹，< /p>

这些裂纹在染色过程中渗透进靛蓝色，

于是形成了如冰花式样的美 妙纹

理。这样自然天成的纹理可以说是蜡染的灵魂所在。

Waxprinting

appeared

in

China

about

2,000

years

ago.

Wax

printing

has

long

been

awidespread

technique

used

in

the

history

of

Chinese

fashion.

During

the

dyeing

process,

beeswax

is

applied

to

prevent

some

parts

of

the

cloth

form

being

the

beeswax

dries,

it

develops

cracks,

which

absorb

indigo

in

the

processof

dyeing,

thus

forming

the

beautiful

natural

lines

resembling

breaking

naturally

formed

lines

represent

the

beauty

and soul of waxprinting.

3

景泰蓝（

cloisonn

é）是驰名中外的传统工艺，它集青铜艺术、瓷器和雕刻诸种

工艺制作技巧于一身，

是一门地道的北京绝活。

它是收藏家收藏的佳品，

也是人

们居家使用的精美物品。

这项工艺始创于明代景泰年间，初创时的颜色主要是

蓝色，故得名“景泰蓝”。到了成化年间，景泰蓝技术进一步成熟，这个时期的

作品沉稳凝重又透明灵动，而且铜胎也极为讲究。

Cloisonn

é

is a traditional artwidely known in and outside China. It is

a

kind

of

superb

local

expertise

formof

Beijing,

which

combines

the

skills

of

bronze

art,

porcelain,

carving

andother

types

of

folk

arts.

It

is

deemed

valuable

in

the

eyes

of

collectors,

aswell

as

refined

ornaments

for

daily

use. The making of cloisonn

é

first appeared during the Jingtai reign of

the Ming Dynasty, with the main colour used being blue, hence the name

“

Jingtai

Blue

”

as it

became

known

later

on.

By

the

time

ofthe

Chenghua

reign, the techniques for making cloisonn

é

were further developed,with

products of this period looking heavy and dignified yet not lacking

ineloquence or vividness. Moreover, its cast was always made of choice

copper.

4

西塘 在浙江嘉兴，

位于上海和杭州之间。

这个占地规模并不大的古镇 有着悠久的

历史，它初

建于春秋时期（

the Spring and Autumn Period

），位于吴国和越

国的交界处。

< br>西塘的大致规模在宋代之前就已经形成，

今所见西塘著名的桥梁望

仙桥（

Wangxian Bridge

）就是宋代的 遗迹。在明清时期，西塘既是远近闻名的

鱼米之乡，又是著名的丝绸制造之地，还以制陶 业

（

ceramics

）而享誉全国。

Xitang is located in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, between Shanghai and

Hangzhou.

Though

small

in

size,

this

ancient

town

boasts

a

long

history.

It was first built during the Spring and Autumn Period, at the border

between the states of Wu and Yue. The present layout had already taken

shape before the Song Dynasty, and the famous Wangxian Bridge inXitang

is

a

legacy

of

the

Song.

By

the

Ming

and

Qing

Dynasties,

Xitang

had

become

a well-known trade centre for farm products, silks and ceramics, all

produced in the surrounding areas and famous throughout the country.

5

秧歌舞

（

Yangko

dance

）

是中国汉族的一种传统民间舞蹈，

通常在北方省份表演。

秧歌舞者通常穿上明亮多彩的表演服装，

他们的表演动作迅速有力。

在农历春节、

元 宵节等节日期间，

人们一旦听到锣鼓声，不管外面天气有多冷 ，他们都会蜂

拥到街上观看秧歌舞表演。

近年来，

中国东北某些城市的老年人自发组织了秧歌

队，队员常年通过跳舞来保持健康 ，同时他们也

乐在其中。