-
Module 6
War and Peace
Vocabulary
Study:
1. abandon
vt.
1>
抛弃；舍弃；离弃
abandon one's home/country/friend/post(
职位
)/ship/wife
From James’s face, I could see he was
terrified of
______________(
被抛弃
) by
us.
2>
放弃；停止做（某事）<
/p>
---give up
Abandon a bad habit/search/ the plan
因为下雨比赛停止了。
They_____________________ because of
rain.
3>
放纵；放任
abandoned
himself to…
纵情于
---
沉溺于
---
He abandoned himself to pleasure.
翻译：
______________________________
___
abandoned adj.
放纵的，堕落的；被遗弃的
an abandoned farm
abandon n.
放任
狂放
with abandon
放肆地
2. operation
n.
行动；运转
,
操作；实施
,
手术；军事行动
the
operation of an old
machine----
运转
,
操作
the operation
of a law-----
实
施
He had an operation on his heart.
----
手术
in operation
实施
//
运
转中；实施
着、经营着
bring//put sth. into operation
实施
(
法律、等
)
；运作
(
机械等
)
The new rules will come into operation
next month.
开始运转
//
活动；开始实行
3. occupy
v.
占
,
占用
,
占领
,
占据
The table occupies a lot of space in
his room.
（占用空间）
The dinner and speeches occupied two
hours.
（占用时间）
The
army//troops occupied that country for several
years after World War II.
（
占<
/p>
领）
be occupied
with//in…=occupy oneself with//in…
正从事
//
专心于
….
在
忙着
…
翻译：
我在聚精会神的读这些历史书。
________________________
_____________
4. troop
n.
群
,
组
,
多数
,
军队；
1
>
一群（人或野生动物）
,
一团；
in troops___________a troop
of deer____________ troops of visitors_________
2>(
常用复数
)
军队，部队
敌人向我军发动了袭击。
_______________________________________
________
vi.
群集
,<
/p>
结队
,
成群而行
We trooped into the
meeting.________________________________
辨析：
troop
着重指许多士兵这个集体，
army
着重指军队这个集体，
特指陆军。
与<
/p>
navy(
海军
), air
force (
空军
)
相对而言。
5. wound
n.
创伤
,
伤害
,
苦痛
The soldier
received________________________________.
这名士兵背部受了重
伤。
v.
伤害
,
损害
,
The
bullet__________________________.
子弹打伤了他的肩
1
膀。
He was/felt
deeply wounded by their disloyalty.
因为他们不忠
,
他十分伤心
.
the
wounded
伤员
6. shocked
adj.
震惊的
< br>,
震撼的
I was shocked by his wickedness.
____________________________________
I
was shocked at the news of his sudden death.
=I was shocked to hear the news of his
sudden death.
7. memorial
n.
纪念碑
(
堂
)
,
纪念仪式
Raise
(erect) a memorial to the dead ___________________
a memorial
meeting//service
追悼会
Memorial Day(
美国
)
阵亡将士纪念日
(
五
月最后一个星期一，亦可称为
Decoration Day)
8. overlook
v.
俯看
,
远眺
,
没注意到；忽略，漏看；
不追究（过失等）
Overlook
a
mistake
忽略一个错误
overlook
a
person’s
fault
不追究一个人的
过错
We __________________from
our house.
我们可从家中俯瞰教堂
.
你忽略了这
个工作中的几个错误。
_____________________________
___________
9. weary
adj.
疲倦的、疲劳的；感到厌倦
/
厌烦的
(be weary
of);
使人疲倦的
a weary
look
疲倦的表情
a weary journey
令人疲倦的旅行
I _____________________
your problems.
我听腻了你那些麻烦事
.
The people__________________________.
人民对这场战争越来越厌倦了
.
vt.
vi.
使人疲倦
,
感到厌烦
,
He was wearied with walking all day.
他厌烦了整天步行。
I soon
wearied of listening to the lecture.
我不久就对那演讲感到厌烦了。
10. condemn
vt.
判刑
,
处刑
;
责备
,
谴责，责难；逼迫某人
//
使某人注定做
…
The newspapers condemned the politician
for bribery.
He was condemned for
murder and sent in
prison;
他因谋杀被判处入狱。
The criminal was condemned to
death._________________________________
11. nationality
n.
国籍
,
民族
,
国家
,
部落
,
win( achieve/ obtain) nationality
获得独立
There are two main nationalities in our
village.
我们村子有两大民族。
He has French
nationality._____________________
---What is your
nationality?
你是哪国人？
< br>---____________________________________________ _______
我们是中国人
12.
rescue
vt.
援救
,
救出
,
营救
He dived from the
bridge__________________________
他从桥上跳入水中去抢救那溺水儿童
.
The firemen rescued a baby from the
burning house.
n.
援救
< br>,
解救
,
营救
< br>
come to a person’s rescue //go to a
person’s rescue
The rescue
team made ten rescues in a week.
13.
campaign
n.
战役
,
运动
,
活动
He fought in the North African campaign
during the last war.
上次战争中他在北
非战役参战
.
start
a
campaign
against
smoking
____________start
a
campaign
for
fund
2
raising_________
v.
< br>参加活动
,
参加竞选
Joan
is
campaigning
for
equal
rights
for
women.
琼在从事争取妇女平等权力
的活动。
war
指大规模的战争，是战争的通称。
battle
指一次会战或战斗。
campaign
指战役
(a
series of battles)
14. sacrifice
n.
牺
牲
,
供俸
,
祭
品
v.
牺牲
,
祭祀
,
贱卖
She
sacrificed her career to marry him.
她为了嫁给他牺牲了自己的事业
.
He achieved his success at great
sacrifice.
他做了很大的牺牲才获得成功。
at
the
sacrifice
of
one’s
health
___________
sacrifice
oneself
//one’s
life
for…___________
15. company
n.
1>
友谊；
交情；陪伴
He kept me
company.
他陪伴我。
I enjoy his
company.
有他为伴真是愉快。
2>
伴侣；同伴
I had no company on the journey.
我在旅行中没有同伴。
3>
（陆军的）连，连队
a
company commander
连长
4>
公司；商号
He is working in a shipping company.
他在一家运输公司工作。
Phrases:
keep sb
company
陪伴某人；与某人同行
for company
作为同伴
//
陪伴
in one’s
company
在某人的陪伴下
in company
在人前；<
/p>
一起、
结伴
者
in company with sb
与某人一起
keep company
with…
陪伴某人；
与某人为友
16. mess
n.
杂乱，混乱：扰乱的或令人困窘的情境
,
散乱的东西；
make a
mess of
…
使
(
计划、工作等
)
成一团糟，弄乱；弄糟
in a mess
陷入困境，
难以收拾，杂乱
get into a mess
陷入困境
The
children’s room was in a terrible.
孩子们的房间乱七八糟。
The
local economy is now in a mess.
___________________________________
17. worthwhile
adj.
值得
(
做
)
的
It's worthwhile to take/taking the
trouble to explain a job fully to new employees. <
/p>
翻译：
__________________________
______________________________________
Nursing is________________________________.
护理工作是很值得干的职业
.
That's
worthwhile.____________________________
( be worth doing / be
worthy of being done / be worthy to be done)
18. retreat
v.
撤退
,
隐退
,
向后倾
The soldiers had to retreat when they
were beaten in battle.
士兵在战斗中受挫，
不得不撤退
The defeated troops were forced to
retreat to the coast.______________________
n.
休息寓所
,
撤退
,
隐居
The troop made good their
retreat from the occupied city.
部队从沦陷的城市
安
全撤出。
make good
one’s retreat
完全撤退，顺利脱身
3
19. arm
v.
武
装
,
装备
,
用
武器装备：
arm oneself
with…
----
arm …
with…
They armed themselves
with machine guns.
翻译：
_______
____________________
Armed with the new
machine, a search party went into the cave hoping
to find
buried
treasure.
有一个探测队
,
带着这台新机器进了山洞
,
希望
找到埋藏
着的财宝。
n.
手臂
,
袖子（
pl.<
/p>
武器）
They were not
allowed to use
arms.
不许他们使用武器。
She held the baby in her arms.
< br>翻译：
_________________________________
He was carrying two books under his
arm.
翻译：
____________________
_______
arm in
arm
臂挽着臂
take up arms
拿起武器
20.
personnel
n.
人员
,
职员
The company's main
problem_______________________.
缺少有技术的人员。
All
personnel were present at the meeting.
翻译：
___________________________
21. despite
prep.
不管
,
尽管
(
正式用语
)
口语
>
He came to the meeting despite his
illness.
尽管生病，他还是来参加会议。
Despite wanting to see him
again, she refused to reply to his letters.
她尽管很想再见到他
,
但却不愿给他回信
.
_______
________________________
（不管别人怎么说）
I think he's a very nice
guy.
Despite all our efforts we
still lost the game.
翻译：
_________________________
despite of
不管（通常仅用
despite
）
Keys
：
abandoned abandoned
the game
；他纵情欢乐。
3. I have
been
occupied
with
//in
reading
history
books;
4.
成群结队的；一群鹿；成群的游客
;
The enemy made an attack against our
troops;
我们一起走进会场。
5. a
serious
wound on his back; wounded his
shoulder;6.
他的恶毒让我震惊
;7.
为死者建立
纪念碑
; 8.
overlook the church; You have overlooked several
of the mistakes in
this work. 9. am
weary of hearing about; are growing weary of the
war; 10.
这个
罪犯被判死刑。他是法国籍。
Our
nationality
is
Chinese.//We
are
of
Chinese
nationality.12. to rescue the drowning
child.13.;
发动一场禁烟活动
;
发起募集资金
活动；
14.
以牺牲
健康的方式；为
…
而牺牲；
16. <
/p>
当地的经济现在很混乱。把事
情搞糟了
;
17.
给新雇员详细解释一下工作要求
,
费点事也是值得的
;
a
very
worthwhile career;
那是值得的。
18.
败军被迫退至海岸
;19.
他们都配备机关枪；
她抱著那个婴儿；
他腋下夹着两本书
;20. is the shortage of skilled
personnel
；所
有人都出席了会议；
< br>21. Despite what others say;
尽管我们尽了全力
，
我们还是输
掉了比赛。
Part One: Vocabulary and Reading.
1.
declare war on
…
向
/
对
…<
/p>
宣战
Germany
_______________________on August 1, 1914.
向法国宣战
2.
make a
breakthrough
取得重大突破
breakthrough
n.
突破、突围、跃进
Scientists___________________________________
_.
在
癌症研
究上取得
重大突
破。
break
through
break up
break out
4
break into
break in
break off
break
down
break away from…
3.
drown
—
drowned
—
drowne
d v.
溺死
,
淹死
;
淹没
1>Don't play by the river _____________
____________.
以免你掉到河里淹死。
2>
沉溺于；埋头于
He drowned himself in
work.
他埋头工作。
=be buried in/be
absorbed in/be lost in
drowned
已淹死的
drowning
快要淹死的
4.
Operation
Overlord started
as
a story
of danger and confusion and ended
as
a story of
bravery and acts of heroism.“
霸王行动
”
以惊险和混乱开始，
以英勇
和无畏结束。
5.
They shall not grow old, as we that are
left grow old.
他们永远不会变老，但我们活着的人都已老朽；
Age shall not weary them, nor the years
condemn.
年华不能使他们厌倦，岁月也不会让他们愧疚；
At the going down of the sun and in the
morning
日落日出，
We
will
remember
them.
我们缅怀他们直到永远。
shall
用于第三人称、第二人称表示警告、允诺、命令、决心、强制等
You wanted justice, so you
shall
get justice.
（允诺）
…everything
that he owns
shall be taken
away
from him.
(
警告或强制
)
One half
of his money and his goods
shall be
give
n to the city of Venice.
(
警告或
强制
)
His life
shall
be
at the mercy of the Duke.
（警告或强制）
I
shall not have
you killed.
（允诺）
I
shall be
happy to
g
ive up my part of Shylock’s money.
（允诺）
You
shall
have a nice present
for your birthday.
（允诺）
You
shall
be
sorry for what you have done.
（警告）
When he
comes in, nobody
shall
say a
word.
（命令）
remember
v.
怀念、纪念、缅怀
remember … as//for…
----be
remembered as/
/for…
He is best_____________________________
_________.
以把爵士乐引入英国而被
缅怀
6.
Operation Overlord
霸王行动
overlord
n.
最高领主，霸主
,
霸王
Keys
：
1.
declared
war
on
France
；
2.
made
a
major
breakthrough
in
cancer
research;3. in case
you fall in and drown;5. remembered as the man who
brought
jazz to England.
Reading Practice:
Winston Churchill’s Speeches
British Prime
Minister
英国首相
a
speech//speeches----make one of his greatest
speeches
House of
Commons
下议院
attention to…
pay attention
to…
e sb to do sth
6. owe sth to sb=owe sb sth
5