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原因、目的、结果状语从句

作者:高考题库网
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2021-02-02 00:34
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2021年2月2日发(作者:消耗定额)


原因状语从句的用法





原因状语从句表原因,



以下逐一介绍高考中常见的原因状语从句的引导词:






1. because


引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后,



because


表示直接原因,



语气最强,



最适合回答



why


引导的疑问句。例如:



I do it because I like it.


我做这件事是因为我喜欢。





注意:



“not ...


because”


结构中的


not


否定的是


becaus e


引导的整个从句,



例如:



The


country is not strong because it is large.


国强不在大。





2.


since

< br>引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、



显 然的理由


(


通常被翻译




既然


”)




较为正式,



语气比


because


弱。


例如:



Since you are free today, you had better help


me with my mathematics.


既然今天你休息,



你最好帮我补习数学。





注意:



seeing (that)




now (that)




considering (that)




in that


这几个词汇与


since


引导


的原因状语从句意思相近,



都表示



既然



。例如:

< p>


Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there’s


no reason that we should now help him.


他既然曾经拒绝帮助我们,



我们现在没有理由要来帮


助他。


// Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents.


既然你长大了,




不应该依靠你的父母了。


// Considering (that) everybody is he


re, let’s begin our discussion.


既然


大家都到了,



我们就开始讨论吧。


// In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it.


因为有病,



他觉


得做不了那件事。





3. as

引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的



双方已知的原因





语气比


since


弱,



较为


正式,



位置较为灵活


(


常放于主句之前


)



例如:



As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi.


既然


在下雨,



你最好乘出租汽车。


// As you are tired, you had better rest.


既然累了,



你最好休息


一下。


// I went to bed early, as I was exhausted.


我睡得早,



因为我筋疲力尽了。





4. for


引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因,



只提供一些辅助性的补


充说明,



for


引导的原因状语从句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与 主句隔开。


例如:



He could not have seen me, for I was not there.


他不可能见过我,



因为我不在那里。





[考题


1




____ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. (1999)





A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as




[答案]



A




[解析]



主句与从句之间存在因果关系,




“you’ve got a chance”


表示一个显而易见的


原因,



因此应选用表原因的


now that






[考题


2




He found it increasingly difficult to read, ____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.


(2006


北京


)




A. and B. for C. but D. or




[答案]



B




[解析]



“his eyesight was beginning to fail”



“he found it increasingly difficult to read”



原因,



因此本题应选用可以表示原因的连词


for


引导原因状 语从句。





[考题


3




A man cannot smile like a child, ____ a child smiles with his eyes, while a man


smiles with his lips alone. (2006


湖南


)




A. so B. but C. and D. for




[答案]



D


[解析]



下划线处之后的句子补充说明


“a man cannot smile like a child”


的原因,



应选



for


表原因。



目的状语从句的用法





目的状语从句可以由表示



为了,



以便




so that(


有时省略


so)




in order that


和表示




免,


< p>
以防




lest




for fear that




in case


引导


(lest




for fear that


后的目的状语从句一般要




可以省略的


sho uld


+动词原形



的虚拟语气形式;



in


case

后的目的状语从句多用虚拟语


气,



但也可用陈述语气


)


。例如:



They set out early that they might arrive in time.


他们早点


动身,



以便及时到达。


// She takes notes carefully in class so that she may use them when she


reviews her lessons after class.


她在课堂上认真记笔记,



以便她能在课后很好地复习功课。


// He shouted at the top of his voice in order that he might be heard.


他尽力大声叫喊,



以便别人


能听见。


// I will not make a noise lest I (should) disturb you.


我不出声,



以免打搅你。


// He is


working hard for fear that he (should) fail.


他认真学习,



以免考不及格。


// Take your umbrella


in case it rains.


带上雨伞,



以防下雨。





如果表示



为了,



以便



的目的状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同,



可用


in order to




so as to


取代该目的状语从句,



注意体会以下例句:



He hurried through his work in order to


catch the train.


他匆匆干完手中的活,



为的是能赶上火车。


// I sent the plans in order for you to


study them fully before the meeting.


我寄上这些计划以使你会前充分研究一下。



// The desks


are kept some distance apart, so as to prevent cheating.


这些书桌都隔着一段距离摆放,



以防作


弊。



// I came so early as to catch the first train.


我起得早,



以便能赶上头班火车。





[考题


1




I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early ____ I can have time for a cup of tea. (2005




)




A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that




[答案]



D




[解析]



so that


表示希望实现的目的。





[考题


2




Roses need special care ____ they can live through winter. (2004)




A. because B. so that C. even if D. as




[答案]



B




[解析]



so that


表示希望实现的目的。





[考题


3




Leave your key with a neighbor ____ you lock yourself out one day. (2007


北京


)




A. ever since B. even if C. soon after D. in case




[答案]



D




[解析]



“you


lock


yourself


out


one


day”


是应该避免出现的结果,



下划线处应选用


in


case




引导目的状语从句


,


表示

< p>


以免


……”






[考题


4




I shall stay in the hotel all day ____ there is news of the missing child.(2000


上海



)




case matter any case since




[答案]



A




[解析]



题干意为:



我将整天在旅店里呆着,



以防有丢失孩子的消息。


本题应选


in case


引导目的状语从句表示



以防


……”





结果状语从句的用法





结果状语从句表示结果,



通常位于主句之后。以下逐一介绍高考中常见的引导结果状


语从句的词:






1. so that


可以引导目的状语从句,



也可以引导结果状语从句。





例如:



He worried so that he couldn’t sleep.


他急得睡不着。


(so that


引导结果状语从句


) //


It was very cold, so that the river froze.


天气寒冷,



河水都结冰了。


(so that


引导结果状语从句


)


// I came to the class early so that I could see the classmate beside me.


我赶早来上课,



以便早点


看到我旁边的同学。


(so that


引导目的状语从句


)




2.


表示



如此


……


以致


……”



“so... that...”



“such... that...”


均可引导结果状语从句,




中的


such


是形容词,



修饰名词;



so


是副词,



修饰形容词或副词,



具体的搭配形式是:



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