-
2019
年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题
19
短文填空
考点
1
首字母填空
Passage
1
(
2019
?
江苏省南京市
)
< br>请根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为(
1
)
-
(
10<
/p>
)的相应位置
上。
Chinese writing is one of the world's
greatest writing systems
.
It is more
w
(
1
)
in use than
alphabetic
(字母的)
writing systems
.
More than half of the world's books are
written in Chinese
,
including historical
writings and
novels
,
along
with writings on government and
law
.
At the
beginning
,
written Chinese was a
picture
﹣
based 1
(
2
)
It dates back several thousand years
.
to the
u
by ancient Chinese
people
.
Some
(
3
)
se
of animal
bones and shells on which symbols were carved
(
刻)
of the ancient
symbols can still be seen in t
(
4
)
hanzi
.
By the Shang
Dynasty
,
these
symbols had become a
well
﹣
developed writing
system
,
Over the
years
,
the
system developed into different
forms
,
as it was
a time when people were
d
(
5
)
geographically
,
leading
to different
dialects
(
方言)
and
characters
.
This
,
however
,
< br>c
(
6
)
under Emperor Qishihuang of the
Qin Dynasty
.
Emperor Qinshihuang
united
(统一)
the seven major
states into one country where the Chinese writing
system
began to develop in one
direction
.
That
writing system was of great
i
(
7
)
in uniting the Chinese people and
culture
.
Even today
,
no matter where Chinese people live or
what dialect they speak
,
they can all still
c
(
8
)
ommunicate
in
writing
.
Written
Chinese has also become an important method to c
(
9
)
China's present
with its past
.
People in modern times can read the
classic works which were written by Chinese in
ancient times
.
Today
,
Chinese writing system is still an
important part of Chinese
culture
,
As China
plays a
g
(
10
)
role in the
world
,
an
increasing number of international students are
beginning to appreciate
China's culture
(
欣赏)
through this amazing
language
.
Written
Chinese spreads Chinese culture wherever it
goes
.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】文章介绍了中文写作系统历史发展。
(
1
)
p>
widely
考查副词.根据意思:它的使用比字母书写系统更为广泛。副
词修饰动词,故填:
widely
。
l
anguage
考查名词.
(
2
)
根据意思:
起初,
书面汉语是一种基于图片的语
言。
填名词单数,
语言
languag
e
。
故填:
language
。
use
考查动词。
the use
(
3
)
根据意思:
中国
古代人在动物的骨头和贝壳上刻上符号可以追溯到几千年前。
of...
的使用,故填:
use
。
<
/p>
(
4
)
toda
y's
考查所有格。根据意思:在今天的汉字中仍然可以看到一些古老的符号,今天的
tod
ay's
。
故填:
today's
p>
。
(
5
)
divided
考查动词。根据意思:多年来,
这个
体系发展成不同的形式,
就像人们被隔离的时代一样。
被动语态
be done
,故填
divided
。
changed
考查动词。
(
6
)
根据意思:
然而,
这在秦始皇统治下发生了变化。
一般过去时态,
故填
changed
.
(
< br>7
)
importance
考查名词。
根据意思:
这一写作体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。
be of
great importance
有
重要意义。故填
importance
。
communicate
考查动词。
can
后面加动词原形。
(
8
)
根据意思:
他们
仍然可以书面交流。
故填
communicate
。
(
9
)
< br>connect
考查动词.根据意思:书面汉语也成为把中国现在和过去联系起来的重要方法。
to do
不定
式,故填
co
nnect
。
(
10
)
great
考查形容词。根据意思:中国在世
界上发挥着巨大的作用,形容词修饰名词,故填
great
。<
/p>
Passage
2
(
2019
?
湖北省咸宁市
)
阅读下面短文
,
在空白处写出适当的
单词,单词首字母已给出。
[
有的词请注意词形的变化!
]
Confucius is the greatest
teacher in Chinese history. He was born on
S___41___28th. 511B.C. in the Kingdom of
Lu. in today’s Shandong Province. When
he was young, he and his mother had a hard
l
____42____. At the age of
fifteen, he began to learn music, and
he did well in it. Then he went on
l___43___other subjects. When he was
thirty,
he b___44___a teacher. He
started his own school. He believed everyone
should have a chance to get education
whether they were r___45___or poor. He
had about, 3,000 s___46___and many of them became
famous.
Chinese see Confucius as the
greatest thinker w___47___had many wise ideas
about human nature and behavior.
And he
is also regarded a___48___the greatest teacher.
His most important ideas are about kindness and
g___49___manners. He said young people
should t____50____care of the old. People should
not only always think
of themselves,
but work for o____51____
. His ideas are
around in people’s everyday life. Today
peopl
e can still hear
the
ideas, and they even go far into east
a____52____south Asia.
【答案与解析】
< br>【文章大意】本文介绍了中国的伟大思想家
——
孔子。孔
子生于公元前
511
年的鲁国。年轻时和母亲
< br>过着艰苦的生活。三十岁时当了老师。他相信每个人都应该有机会接受教育,不管他们是富人还是穷人。< /p>
中国人认为孔子是最伟大的思想家。对人性和行为有很多明智的想法。他说年轻人应该照顾
老人。人们不
应该总是想着自己,而应该为他人工作。
41. September
句意:
他出生于
9
月
28
日。
公元前
511
年的鲁国。
由语境和
首字母提示可知,
填
September
;
这里是指
9
月
28
号。所以答案为:
September
。
42. life
句意:当他年轻时,他和他母亲过
着艰苦的生活。由语境和首字母提示可知,填
life
;
had a hard
life
:过着艰苦
的生活。所以答案为:
life
。
43. learning
句意:然后他继续学习其他科目。由语境和首字母提示可知,
填
learn
;
go on
doing sth.
继续
做某事。
o
n
是介词,后跟动名词。所以答案为:
learning
。
44. became
句意:
他三十岁时当了老师。
由语境和首字母提示可知,
填
become
;
根据
p>
When he was thirty,
当他三十岁时。成为了
老师,这一动作发生在过去,因此应该用一般过去时。故答案为:
became
。
45.
rich
句意:
他相信每个人都应该有机会接受教育,不管他们是富人还是穷人。由语境和首字母提示
可
知,填
rich
;根据后面的形容词
p
oor
“穷的”
,和前面的表示选择关系的
or
可知,前面应该用于
poor
意义相反的形容词,那就是
rich
。
语境是:不论穷人还是富人都应该有机会接受教育。故答案为:
rich
。
46. students
句意:他有大约
< br>3000
名学生,其中许多人出名了。由语境和首字母提示可知,填
student
;
根据数字
3,000
可知,后面的可数名词应该用复数,故答案为:
st
udents
。
47.
who
句意:中国人认为孔子是最伟大的思想家。对人性和行为有很多明智的想法。由语境和首
字母
提示可知,填
who
;本题考查定
语从句。本题的先行词是
the greatest thinker
< br>,是指人的,因此用引导词
who
来引导。故答案为:<
/p>
who
。
48. as
句意:他也被认为是最伟大的老师。由语境和首字母提示可知
,填
as
;
regard as
:视为。语境是:
人们认为孔子是最伟大的老师。故答案为:
as
。
49.
good/great
句意:他最重要的思想是善良和礼貌。由
and
前面的形容词
kindness
可知,
and
后面的词
也应该是一个形容词。在结合首字母提示可
知,填
good/great
;是指良好的行为,即:礼貌。所
以本题
的答案为:
good/great
。
50. take
句意:
他
说年轻人应该照顾老人。
由语境和首字母提示可知,
填
take
;
take care of
:
关心,
照顾。
sho
uld
是情态动词,后跟动词原形。故填:
take
。
51. others
句意:
人们不应该总是想着自己,而应该为他人工作。由语境和首字母提示可知,填
other
s
;
根据
think of them
selves
想着自己,和后面的
but
可知,此处是指转折,语境是:人们不应该总是想着自
己,而应该为他人工作。所以答
案为:
others
。