全国医学考博英语试题#(精选.)

2014MD

全国医学博士外语统一考试

英语试卷

答题须知

1.

请考生首先将自己的姓名、所在 考点、准考证号在试卷一答题纸和试卷二标

准答题卡上认真填写清楚，并按“考场指令” 要求，将准考证号在标准答题

卡上划好。

2.

试卷一

(Paper

One)

答案和试卷二

(Paper

Two)

答案都作答在标准答题卡上，不

要做在试卷上。

3.

2B

铅笔，将所选答案按要 求在相应位置涂黑；如要

更正，先用橡皮擦干净。书面表达一定要用黑色签字笔或钢笔写 在标准答题

卡上指定区域。

4.

标准答题卡不可折叠，同时答题卡须保持平整干净，以利评分。

5.

听力考试只放一遍录音，每道题 后有

15

秒左右的答题时间。

国家医学考试中心

1

/

18word.

PAPER ONE

Part 1

：

Listening comprehension

（

30%

）

Section A

Directions:

In

this

section

you

will

hear

fifteen

short

conversations

between

two

speakers,

At

the

end

of

each

conversation,

you

will

hear

a

question

about what is said, The question will be read only once, After you hear

the question, read the

four possible answers marked A,

B, C,

and D.

Choose

the

best

answers

and

mark

the

letter

of

your

choice

on

the

ANSWER SHEET

.

Listen to the following example

You will hear

Woman:

I feel faint.

Man:

No wonder.

You haven’t had a bite all day.

Question:

What’s the matter with the woman?

You will read:

A. She is sick.

B. She was bitten by an ant.

C. She is hungry.

D. She spilled her paint.

Here C is the right answer.

Sample Answer

A B C D

Now let

’s begin with question Number 1.

1.

A. About 12 pints

B. About 3 pints

C. About 4 pints

D. About 7 pints

2.

A. Take a holiday from work.

B. Worry less about work.

C. Take some sleeping pills.

D. Work harder to forget all her troubles.

3.

A. He has no complaints about the doctor.

B. He won

’

t complain anything.

C. He is in good condition.

D. He couldn

’

t be worse.

4.

A. She is kidding.

B. She will get a raise.

C. The man will get a raise.

D. The man will get a promotion.

5.

A. Her daughter likes ball games.

B. Her daughter is an exciting child.

C. She and her daughter are good friends.

D. She and her daughter don

’

t always understand each other.

2

/

18word.

6.

A. She hurt her uncle.

B. She hurt her ankle.

C. She has a swollen toe.

D. She needs a minor surgery.

7.

A. John likes gambling.

B. John is very fond of his new boss.

C. John has ups and downs in the new company.

D. John has a promising future in the new company.

8.

A. She will get some advice from the front desk.

B. She will undergo some lab tests.

C. She will arrange an appointment.

D. She will get the test results.

9.

A. She

’

s an odd character.

B. She is very picky.

C. She is easy-going.

D. She likes fashions.

10.

A. At a street corner.

B. In a local shop.

C. In a ward.

D. In a clinic.

11.

A. Sea food.

B. Dairy products.

C. Vegetables and fruits.

D. Heavy foods.

12.

A. He is having a good time.

B. He very much likes his old bicycle.

C. He will buy a new bicycle right away.

D. He would rather buy a new bicycle later.

13.

A. It is only a cough.

B. It

’

s a minor illness.

C. It started two weeks ago.

D. It

’

s extremely serious.

14.

A. The woman is too optimistic about the stock market.

B. The woman will even lose more money at the stock market.

C. The stock market bubble will continue to grow.

D. The stock market bubble will soon meet its demise.

15.

A. The small pills should be taken once a day before sleep.

B. The yellow pills should be taken once a day before supper.

C. The white pills should be taken once a day before breakfast.

D. The large round pills should be taken three times a day after meals.

3

/

18word.

Section B

Direction:

In this section you will hear one conversation and two passages, after

each of which, you will hear five questions. After each question, read

the

four

possible

answers

marked

A,

B,

C

and

D,

Choose

the

best

answer and mark the letter of your choice on the

ANSWER SHEET

.

Dialogue

16.

A. Because he had difficulty swallowing it.

B. Because it was upsetting his stomach.

C. Because he was allergic to it.

D. Because it was too expensive.

17.

A. He can

’

t play soccer any more.

B. He has a serious foot problem.

C. He needs an operation.

D. He has cancer.

18.

A. A blood transfusion.

B. An allergy test.

C. A urine test.

D. A biopsy.

19.

A. To see if he has cancer.

B. To see if he has depression.

C. To see if he requires surgery.

D. To see if he has a food allergy

problem.

20.

A. Relieved.

B. Anxious.

C. Angry.

D. Depressed.

Passage One

21.

A. The cause of COPD.

B. Harmful effects of smoking.

C. Men more susceptible to harmful effects of smoking.

D. Women more susceptible to harmful effects of smoking.

22.

A. 954.

B. 955.

C. 1909.

D. 1955.

23.

A. On May 18 in San Diego.

B. On May 25 in San Diego.

C. On May 18 in San Francisco.

D. On May 25 in San Francisco.

24.

A. When smoking exposure is high.

B. When smoking exposure is low.

C. When the subjects received medication.

D. When the subjects stopped smoking.

4

/

18word.

25.

A. Hormone differences in men and women.

B. Genetic differences between men and women.

C. Women

’

s active metabolic rate.

D. Women

’

s smaller airways.

Passage Two

26.

A. About 90,000.

B. About 100,000.

C. Several hundreds.

D. About 5,000.

27.

A. Warning from Goddard Space Flight Center.

B. Warning from the Kenyan health ministry.

C. Experience gained from the 1997 outbreak.

D. Proper and prompt Aid from NASA.

28.

A. Distributing mosquito nets.

B. Persuading people not to slaughter animals.

C. Urging people not to eat animals.

D. Dispatching doctors to the epidemic-stricken area.

29.

A. The higher surface temperatures in the equatorial part of the Indian Ocean.

B. The short-lived mosquitoes that were the hosts of the viruses.

C. The warm and dry weather in the Horn of Africa.

D. The heavy but intermittent rains.

30.

A. Warning from NASA.

B. How to treat Rift Valley fever.

C. The disastrous effects of Rift Valley fever.

D. Satellites and global health

–

remote diagnosis.

Part II Vocabulary (10%)

Section A

Direction:

In this section, all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or phrases,

marked

A

B

C

and

D .are

given

beneath

each

of

them.

You

are

to

choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then mark

your answer on the

ANSWER SHEET.

31.

A good night

’

s sleep is believed to help slow the stomach

’

s emptying, produce a

smoother,

less

abrupt

absorption

of

sugar,

and

will

better

__________

brain

metabolism.

A. regulate

B. activate

C. retain

D. consolidate

32.

The explosion and the oil spill below the surface of the Gulf of Mexico left my

mind in such a ________ that I couldn

’

t get to sleep.

A. catastrophe

B. boycott

C. turmoil

D. mentality

5

/

18word.

33.

Coronary heart attacks occur more commonly in those with high blood pressure,

in the obese, in cigarette smokers, and in those _________ to prolonged emotional

and mental strain.

A. sympathetic

B. ascribed

C. preferable

D. subjected

34.

Most colds are acquired by children in school and then ___________ to adults.

A. conveyed

B. transmitted

C. attributed

D. relayed

35.

Several of the most populous nations in the world ________ at the lower end of

the table of real GDP per capita last year.

A. fluctuated

B. languished

C. retarded

D. vibrated

36.

Presently this kind of anti-depressant is still in clinical _______, even though the

concept has been around since 1900s.

A. trials

B. applications

C. implications

D. endeavors

37.

Studies revealed that exposure to low- level radiation for a long time may weaken

the immune system, ________ aging, and cause cancer.

A. halt

B. postpone

C. retard

D. accelerate

38.

The

mayor

candidate

’

s

personality

traits,

being

modest

and

generous,

_______

people in his favor before the election.

A. predisposed

B. presumed

C. presided

D. pressured

39.

With its graceful movements and salubrious effects on health, Tai Chi has a strong

________ to a vast multitude of people.

A. flavor

B. thrill

C. appeal

D. implication

40.

If

you

are

catching

a

train,

it

is

always

better

to

be

_______

early

than

even

a

fraction of a minute too late.

A. infinitely

B. temporarily

C. comfortably

D. favorably

Section B

Directions:

Each

of

the

following

sentences

has

a

word

or

phrase

underlined.

There

are

four

words

or

phrases

beneath

each

sentence,

Choose

the

word

or

phrase

which

can

best

keep

the

meaning

of

the

original

sentence if it is substituted for the underlined part, Mark your answer

on the

ANSWER SHEET

.

41.

All Nobel Prize winners

’

success is a process of long-term accumulation, in which

lasting efforts are indispensable.

A. irresistible

B. cherished

C. inseparable

D. requisite

42.

The

Queen

’

s

presence

imparted

an

air

of

elegance

to

the

drinks

reception

at

Buckingham Palace in London.

A. bestowed

B. exhibited

C. imposed

D. emitted

43.

Physicians are clear that thyroid dysfunction is manifest in growing children in the

form of mental and physical retardation.

A. intensified

B. apparent

C. representative

D. insidious

6

/

18word.

44.

The

mechanism

that

the

eye

can

accommodate

itself

to

different

distances

has

been

applied

to

automatic

camera,

which

marks

a

revolutionary

technique

advance.

A. yield

B. amplify

C. adapt

D. cast

45.

Differences

among

believers

are

common;

however,

it

was

the

pressure

of

religious

persecution

that

exacerbated

their

conflicts

and

created

the

split

of

the

union.

A. eradicated

B. deteriorated

C. vanquished

D. averted

46.

When Picasso was particularly poor, he might have tried to obliterate the original

composition by painting over it on canvases.

A. duplicate

B. eliminate

C. substitute

D. compile

47.

For

the

sake

of

animal

protection,

environmentalists

deplored

the

construction

program of a nuclear power station.

A. disapproved

B. despised

C. demolished

D. decomposed

48.

Political figures in particular are held to very strict standards of marital fidelity.

A. loyalty

B. morality

C. quality

D. stability

49.

The patient complained that his doctor had been negligent in not giving him a full

examination.

A. prudent

B. ardent

C. careless

D. brutal

50.

She has been handling all the complaints without wrath for a whole morning.

A. fury

B. chaos

C. despair

D. agony

7

/

18word.

Part III Cloze (10%)

Directions:

In this section there is a passage with ten numbered blanks. For each

blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D on the right side.

Choose

the

best

answer

and

mark

the

letter

of

your

choice

on

the

ANSWER SHEET

.

For years, scientists have been warning us that the radiation from mobile phones is detrimental to

our

health,

without

actually

having

any

evidence

to

back

these

__51__

up.

However,

research

now

suggests

that

mobile

phone

radiation

has

at

least

one

positive

side

effect:

it

can

help

prevent

Alzheimer

’

s, __52__ in the mice that acted as test subjects.

It

’

s been suspected, though never proven, that heavy use of mobile phones is bad for your health.

It

’

s

thought

that

walking

around

with

a

cellphone

permanently

attached

to

the

side

of

your

head

is

almost sure to be __53__ your brain. And that may well be true, but

I’

d rather wait until it

’

s proven

before giving up that part of my daily life.

But what has now been proven, in a very perfunctory manner, is that mobile phone radiation can

have an effect on your brain. __54__ in this case it was a positive rather than negative effect.

According to BBC news, the Florida Alzheimer

’

s Disease Research Center conducted a study on

96 mice to see if the radiation given off by mobile phones could affect the onset of Alzheimer

’

s.

Some

of

the

mice

were

“

genetically

altered

to

develop

beta-amyloid

plaques

in

their

brains

”

__55__

they

aged.

These

are

a

marker

of

Alzheimer

’

s.

all

96

mice

were

then

“

exposed

to

the

electro-magnetic __56__ generated by a standard phone for two one-hour periods each day for seven

to nine months.

”

The lucky things.

__57__ the experiment showed that the mice altered to be predisposed to dementia were protected

from

the

disease

if

exposed

before

the

onset

of

the

illness.

Their

cognitive

abilities

were

so

unimpaired as to be virtually __58__ to the mice not genetically altered in any way.

Unfortunately, although the results are positive, the scientists don

’

t actually know why exposure

to mobile phone radiation has this effect. But it

’

s hoped that further study and testing could result in a

non-invasive __59__ for preventing and treating Alzheimer

’

s disease.

Autopsies carried out on the mice also concluded no ill-effects of their exposure to the radiation.

However, the fact that the radiation prevented Alzheimer

’

s means mobile phones __60__ our brains

and bodies in ways not yet explored. And it

’

s sure there are negative as well as this one positive.

A. devices

B. risks

C. phenomena

D. claims

A. at least

B. at most

C. as if

D. as well

A. blocking

B. cooking

C. exhausting

D. cooling

A. Except

B. Even

C. Despite

D. Besides

A. until

B. when

51.

52.

53.

54.

55.

8

/

18word.

56.

57.

58.

59.

60.

C. as

D. unless

A. range

B. continuum

C. spectrum

D. field

A. Reasonably

B. Consequently

C. Amazingly

D. Undoubtedly

A. identical

B. beneficial

C. preferable

D. susceptible

A. effort

B. method

C. hunt

D. account

A. do affect

B. did affect

C. is affecting

D. could have affected

Part IV Reading Comprehension (30%)

Directions:

In

this

part

there

are

six

passages,

each

of

which

is

followed

by

five

questions. For each question there are four possible answers marked A, B,

C, and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on

the

ANSWER SHEET

.

Passage one

I have just returned from Mexico, where I visited a factory making medical masks.

Faced with fierce competition, the owner has cut his costs by outsourcing some of his

production. Scores of people work for him in their homes, threading elastic into masks

by

hand.

They

are

paid

below

the

minimum

wage,

with

no

job

security

and

no

healthcare provision.

Users

of

medical

masks

and

other

laboratory

gear

probably

give

little

thought

to

where their equipment comes from.

That needs to change. A significant proportion of

these products

are made in

the developing world by low-paid

people with

inadequate

labor rights. This leads to human misery on a tremendous scale.

Take

lab

coats.

Many

are

made

in

India,

where

most

cotton

farmers

are

paid

an

unfair price for their crops and factory employees work illegal hours for poor pay.

One-fifth of the world

’

s surgical instruments are made in northern Pakistan. When I

visited the area a couple of years ago I found most workers toiling 12 hours a day, seven

days

a

week,

for

less

than

a

dollar

a

day,

exposed

to

noise,

metal

dust

and

toxic

chemicals. Thousands of children, some as young as 7, work in the industry.

To win international contracts, factory owners must offer rock-bottom prices, and

consequently drive down wages and labor conditions as far as they can. We laboratory

scientists

in

the

developed

world

may

unwittingly

be

encouraging

this:

we

ask

how

much our equipment will cost, but which of us asks who made it and how much they

were paid?

This is no small matter. Science is supposed to benefit humanity, but because of the

9

/

18word.