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高考英语短文改错形容词和副词的考点
高考英
语短文改错考点解析
-
形容词与副词
一、考点规律分析
短文改错对形容
词与副词的考查主要涉及形容词和副词比较等级的误用
(尤其是在本身已是比
较级的词前误加
more
)
、形容词与副词的混用(如修饰动词时误用形容词或修饰名词时误用副词)
等,另外,
用作表语时该用形容词的却误用了名词、简短副词(如
in
,
down
等)的误加与漏用
、
涉及形容词搭配的
as…as
结构、
how
与
what
的混用等也是常考的考点。
形容词的用法:
(一)概念:形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征
<
/p>
做定语的形容词
一般放在名词前面
。但以
a
开头的表语形容词:
afraid<
/p>
,
asleep,
awake
,
alone
等
如果做定语要后置。
(二)形容词的种类
1.
品质形容词:英语中大量形容词属于这一类,他们表示人
或物的品质,如:
The play was
boring
.
那出戏很枯燥乏味。
You have an
honest
face.
你有一张诚实的脸。
2.
颜色形容词有少数表示颜色的形容词,如:
She had on a blue coat.
她穿了一件蓝色的外套。
3.
-ing
形容词:有大量现在分词正在或已经变为形容词,
它们通常修饰事物。如:
exciting,
encouraging…
4.
–
ed
形容词:它们是由它们的过去分词变过来的,一般有被动意
义,通常表示人的状态。
She
looked
tired
.
5.
合成形容词:
warm-
hearted
热心的,
heart-breaking
令人心碎的
(三)形容词的用法:常
用作定语、表语和补足语,有时也做状语。形容词在句中的位置:有的形
容词放在被修饰
的名词之前,
称为前置形容词;
少数形容词放在被修饰的名词之
后,
称为后
置形容词。
副词的用法:
(一)
概念:
用以
修饰动词、
形容词
或其他副词
的词叫做副词。
例如:
<
/p>
not
(不)
,
here
(这里)
,
now
(现在)
。不少副词同时也可用作介词或其它词类。
(二)副词的种类
:
1
时间副词
always,
often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly
等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助
动词之后,使役动词之前
2
、地点副词:
here
,
there
,
abroad,
everywhere…
4
、程度副词和强调副词:
very,
so, badly, seriously, much…
5.
疑问副词和连接副词
1
)疑问副词:
how, when,
where
等疑问副词用来引导特殊问句:
…
< br>
2
)连接副词:
连接副词意思和词形都和疑问副词一样,但都引导从句或与不定式连用:
6.
方向副词:
in
,
inside
,
forward,
backward, out…
(二)
比较级和最高级的用法
p>
1
.表示两者之间的比较用比较级,一般和
than
连用。
2
.表示三者或三者以上或无范围的用最高级,形容词最高级前
必须用定冠词
the
(最高级可
用作表
语,
the
可以省略)
,副词最高级前
可以省略
the.
使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范
围
内。
(错)
Tom is the
tallest of his three brothers.
(对)
Tom is the tallest of the three
brothers.
The Sahara is the biggest
desert in the world.
撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。
◎
注意
:
most
前面没有
the
,不表示最高级的含义,只表示
非常
。例如:
It is a most important problem. =It is
a very important problem.
这是个非常重要的问题。
p>
(
注意
句中没有比较的范围
)
(三)
比较级和最高级的修饰语
1
.比较级前可加
much, a
lot, a bit, a little,
slightly
,
any, no, some,
even, still
之类表示程度的状语,
也可以接数词来
修饰比较级;修饰最高级的有:序数词,
by far, far, mostly,
almost
等。
(四)比较级的特殊用法
1
.和
more
有关的词组
:
1)
the more…the
more…
越
……
< br>就越
……
。例如:
____ _______you
work
,
____
______ progress you'll make.
越努力,进步越大。
2)
more than
超过,不仅仅是,非常
less than
不到
…
少于
more or less
基本上
或多或少
(
五
)
原级的用法
1)
as +
原级
+ as
:跟
…
一样,
no
< br>t …so/as…as…
不如
…
He
cannot run ____________ you.
他没你跑得快。
2)
当
as… as
中间有名词时采用以下格式:
①
as
+
形容词
+ a +
单数名词
/
;
②
as + many/much
+
名词。
This is as ______ ______example as the
other is.
这个例子和另外一个一样好。
I can carry as _______
______ as you can.
你能搬多少纸,我也能。
(
六
)
倍数的三种表达:
This room is twice as
______ as that one.
这房间的面积是那间的两倍。
This room is twice ______ than that
one.
Your room is
twice ___ ______of mine.
二、课堂练习
(
1
)
After an hour or so we began to feel very
frightening.
(
frightening
改为
frightened
,因它表
示某
人感到害怕,而不是令人害怕)
(全国卷)
(
2
)
Charles said
,
“As
soon as I see a realy
tall building
,
I want to
climb it.
(
realy
改为
really
或
real
,
若改为
really
,则修饰
tall
;若改为
real
,则修饰
building
)
(全国卷)
(
3
)
Last Sunday
,
police cars
hurry to the taller building in New York.
(
taller
改为
tallest
,因从含义
p>
上看此处应是最高级)
(全国卷)
(
4
)
As
a result
,
people in the
modern world generally live much more longer than
people in the past.
(去掉
more
,因为
longer
本身已是比较级,不能再受
more
修饰)
(全国卷)
(
5
)
Therefore
,
there are still
some countries where people have shorter lives.
(
Therefore
改为
However
,
因此处语意转折)
(全国卷)
(
6
)
People in industrial countries can expect to live
for twice so long as people who lived a few
hundre
d years ago.
(
so long as
改为
as long as
,其意为
“
与
……
一样
长
”
)
(全国卷)
(
7
)
In
some places you may borrow many books as you want.
(
many
之前加
as
,因
as
……
as
结构
不完整)
(全国卷)
(
8
)
I
told Mother
,
Father
,
Sister and all my
friends here that a great time I had.
(
that
改为
what
)
(
全
国卷)
(
9
)
I
never knew a ride down a river could be so much
exciting.
(去掉
much
,因
much
不能用来修
饰形容词的原级,尽管它可用来修饰比较级和最高级)
(全国卷)
(
10
)
I
‘
m sure
we?ll
have a wonderfully
time together.
(
wonderfully
改为
wonderful
,因它是放
在
名词前作定语)
(全国卷)
(
11
)
First
,
let me tell you
something more about myself.
(去掉
more
,因从上下文看,这
是第一次
给对方写信,不存在谈谈
“
更
多情况
”
的问题)
(全国卷)
(
12
)
I
used to play ping-pong a lot in my spare
time
,
but now I am
interesting in football.
(
interesti
ng
改为
interested
,
be interested in
意为
“
对
……
感兴趣
”
)
(全国卷)
(
13
)
Also
,
the sport teaches us
the important of obedience.
(
important
改为
importance
,
teach
后可
接名词或代词作宾语,但不接形容词作宾语)
(全国卷)
(
14
)
Unfortunate
,
there are too
many people in my family.
(
Unfortunate
改为
Unfortunately
,
因此
处要求用副词作状语)
(全国卷)
(
15
)
I
think I liked those classes because I felt that
they helped me understand what the world works.
(
what
改为
how
,
how
在此表示方式)
(北京春季卷)
(
16
)
After learning the basics of the
subject
,
nothing else
seemed very practically to me.
(
practical
ly
改为
practical
,此处用形容词作表语)
(北京春季卷)
(
17
)
Whenever I see them I will often think of my
English teacher.
(
去
掉
of
ten
,
因
句
中
的
whenever
与
often
意义重复)
(全国卷)
(
18
)
What things are in other
homes
,
I wonder.
(
What
改为
How
,句意为
“
不知其他家庭的情况
是怎样的
”
)
(全国卷)
(
19
)
For instance
,
one night he
played strong and loudly music till four
o?clock
in the morning.
(
lo
udly
改为
loud
,与
strong
并列作定语,修饰
music
)
(北京春季卷)
(
20
)
But he is difference now.
(
d
ifference
改为
different
< br>,即用形容词作表语)
(北京春季卷)
(
21
)
The time passes quickly. Evening came down.
(
去
掉
do
wn
,
要
表
示
“
夜
幕
来
p>
临
”
,
直
接
说
Evening came
即可)
(全国卷)
(
22
)
…although
radios can be very
noise.
(
noise
改为
noisy
,
即用形容词作表语)
(
北京春季卷)
(
23
)
…all
planned and written by
grown-ups to make children want things that they
don?t
real need.
(
real
改为
really
,修饰动词要用副词)
(北京春季卷)
(
24
)
But one of the best players in our team told me
just then that he
wouldn?t
play basketball any mor
e.
(
then
改为
now
,
just now
为习语,
意为
“
刚才
”
)
(安徽春季卷)
(
25
)
But one of the best players in our team told me
just now that he wou
ldn?t
play basketball once m
ore.
(
once
改为
any
,
not
…
any more
为习语,意为<
/p>
“
不再
”
)
p>
(安徽春季卷)
(
26
)
I
would describe myself as shy and quietly.
(
quietly
改为
quiet
,
and
连接并
列成分
quite
和
shy
)
(全国卷)
(
27
)
Finding information on the Net is easily.
< br>(
easily
改为
easy<
/p>
,作表语要用形容词)
(
单句改错