翻译及回答问题

1

．

E-C T

ranslation

A

man can

be known

by the books he reads and his c

ompany.

I

like to have you

becoming well-grounded in the literature and philosophy of

other

centuries and of other countries

than

our own.

This gives you an excellent standard

by which

to judge what you meet that is new and modern. Y

ou have time

while

you are young

to do the necessary studying. Then you will be able to read Latin, French, And English literature

with appreciation

. Y

ou c

an branch

into

the

fields

of

history

and

geography.

Y

ou

will

enjoy

travel

and

can

meet

people

of

other countries

with

a sympathy

for

their

background.

That is one reason for my entering you at

Riverview.

I believe that in our new world there will be great opportunities

for

young people

without

prejudice.

我希望，你不仅在我国当代文学及 哲学方面，而且在古代和外国文学及哲学方面也有扎实的基础。它能给你提供一个很好的尺

度，来衡量你遇到的新的东西和现代的事物。趁年轻，你还有时间学习必要的知识。到时你就能欣赏拉丁文学， 法国文学和英

国文学。你可以涉猎历史学地理学。你将享受到游历的快乐，遇到异国他乡 的人不至于因不了解其文化背景而不知所措。这是

我让你进

Ri verview.

江景大学的原因之一。我相信，在我们的新世界里，不偏执一端的年轻 人是会

有

绝好机会的。

2. C-E T

ranslation

我们中华民族在人类发展史上，曾经 有过杰出的贡献。

现在在共产党的领导下，我们民族正在经历着一场伟大的复兴。

恩格斯

在谈到

16

世 纪欧洲文艺复兴时曾经说过，那是一个需要巨人而且产生了巨人的时代。今天，我们社会主义祖国的伟大革命和建

设，

更加需要大批社会主义时代的巨人，

我们不仅要有政治上、

文化上的巨人，

我们同样需要自然科学 和其他方面的巨人。

In the

past we

the Chinese nation

made outstanding contributions to the development of human civilization.

Right now,

led by

the Communist

Party,

our

nation

is

undergoing

a

great renaissance.

Engels

once

referred

to

the

Renaissance

in

the

16

century

Europe

as

an

epoch

which,

in

need

of

giants,

gave

birth

to

giants.

Today,

the

great

revolution

and

construction

in

our

socialist

motherland

even

more

urgently need

large numbers of giants of this epoch of socialism. We need not only political and cultural giants, but giants

in natural

science and other fields as well.

回答问题

*

和“阅读理解”的不同何在？

技巧：

1

）理解

2

）归纳

3

）表达

（

I

）

Part IV

Reading and Answering Questions (25 minutes, 10 points)

th

The conflict between what in its present mood the public expects science to achieve in satisfaction of popular hopes and what is

really in its power is a serious matter because. even if the true scientists should all recognize the limitations of what they can do in

the field of human affairs, so long as the public expects more there will always be some who will pretend, and perhaps honestly

believe, that they can do more to meet popular demands than is really in their power. It is often difficult enough for the expert, and

certainly

in

many

instances

impossible

for

the

layman,

to

distinguish

between

legitimate

and

illegitimate

cla

ims

advanced

in the

name of science. The enormous publicity recently given by the media to a report pronouncing in the name of science of The Lim

its

to Growth, and the silence of the same media about the devastating criticism this report has received from

the competent experts,

must make one feel somewhat apprehensive about the use to which the prestige of science can be put. But it is by no means only in

the

field

of

economics

that

far-reaching claims

are made

on

behalf

of

a

more

scientific

direction

of

all

human

activities

and

the

desirability of replacing spontaneous processes by

If I am not mistaken, psychology, psychiatry and some branches of sociology, not to speak about the so-called philosophy of

history, are even more affected by what I have called the scientific prejudice, and by specious(

貌似有理的

)claims of what science

can achieve.

Questions :

1)What is the main thought of the passage? (main ideas

题：这类阅读一般较短，在回答

主旨大意

/

< br>中心思想题时

不妨先逐句

paraphrase

，即用自己的话来转述作者的意思，然后把这些句子串起来。但一般省略例子。

< br>)

2)What should be our correct attitude towards science?

The conflict between what in its present mood the public expects science to achieve in satisfaction of popular hopes and what is

really in its power is a serious matter

( It is a serious matter that the public expects much more from the science than it can offer. )

because even if the true scientists should all recognize the limitations of what they can do in the field of human affairs, so long as

the public expects more there will always be some who will pretend, and perhaps honestly believe, that they can do more to meet

popular demands than is really in their power.

(Because of the public

’

s great demands the scientists would believe or even pretend

that they could do more than they really can to satisfy the public

’

s demands.)

It

is

often

difficult

enough for

the

expert,

and

certainly

in

many

instances

impossible

for

the

layman,

to

distinguish

between

legitimate and illegitimate claims advanced in the name of science.

(

It is often very difficult for the experts ,let alone the laypersons,

to distinguish between proper and false claims made in the name of science.)

The enormous publicity recently given by the media to

a

report

pronouncing

in

the

name

of

science

of

The

Limits

to

Growth,

and

the silence

of

the

same

media

about

the devastating

criticism this report has received from the competent experts, must make one feel somewhat apprehensive about the use to which the

prestige

of

science can

be

put.

(When

the

media

is favorably

reporting some

“

scientific

”

claim

,

it would

keep

silent

about

the

severe criticism of the claim.)

But it is by no means only in the field of economics that far-reaching claims are made on behalf of a

more

scientific

direction

of

all

human

activities

and

the

desirability

of

replacing

spontaneous

processes

by

human

control

(Such kind of claims are made not only in the field of economics.)

If I am not mistaken, psychology, psychiatry and some branches of sociology, not to speak about the so-called philosophy of

history, are even more affected by what I have called

the scientific prejudice, and by specious(

貌似有理的

)claims of what science

can achieve.

(Some branches of scientific studies are more affected by these scientific prejudices.)

1)

What is the main thought of the passage?

(Suggested

Answer)The

passage

talks

about

the scientific

prejudice

held

by

the

public.

It

is

a

serious

matter

that

the public

think that science can create anything that they want.

Because of the public

’

s great demands the scientists would believe or even

pretend that they could do more than they really can to satisfy the public

’

s demands. It is often very difficult for the experts ,let

alone the laypersons,

to distinguish between scientific and false claims made in the name of science. When the media is favorably

reporting some

“

scientific

”

claim , it would keep silent about the severe criticism of the claim Such kind of claims are made not

only in the field of economics. (Some branches of scientific studies are more affected by these scientific prejudices.

2) We should pay our respect to science, but we mustn

’

t blindly believe in < /p>

“

scientific

”

claims before we have a careful thought