-
形容词的比较级和最高级
一.
大多数形容词有三个级。
1.
原级
: A
和
B
一样
...
....
常用结构:
(
A+be+as+
形容词原级
+as
)
Zhang Hong is ______
Tom.(
和
......
一样高)<
/p>
.Tom runs ______Jack.
(和
......
一样快)
否定形式:
“不如
< br>/
不及
......A+not+as/so
……
+as B
2.
比较级(用于两者之间的比较)
(1)A
比
B
更
... ...
常用结构
:
A+be+
形容词比较级
+than+B.
< br>___________
(谁跑得更快)
,Lucy
or Hanmei? ____________
.
(他比我高)
Tina is
more athletic than Sam.
Holly’s best
friend is ________。(比他更有趣)
(2)A
是两者中更
...
的一个:<
/p>
The+
形容词比较级
+one of
the two+
(3)
越
...
越
...
比较级
+
比较级:
longer and longer;more andmore
beautiful
3.
最高级用于三者或三者以上比较
p>
,
形容词的最高级前常加定冠词
____
常用结构
:
主语
+
谓语
(
系动词
< br>)+the+
形容词最高级
+
名
词
+
表示范围的短语或从句。
(
1
)
______
______________
是
......
中最
......
He is
the tallest of the three.
He
is__________(
最有趣的)
in his
class.
The seats
in
the middle of the
cinema
are the
best
of
all.
John
is______
(最胖的)
in
his class.
(
2
)
____________________
最
......
之一
Kunming is one of the most beautiful
cities in China. Mr Wu is
_______
(最友好的老师之一)
.He
often helps us. Changjiang River is
_____
(最长的河流之一
) in the world.
(
3
)特殊疑问词
+be+the+
最高级,甲,乙
or
丙?
Who is the
tallest,Tom,Jim or John?
______________
____(
哪种语言是最困难的)
,English,Japa
nese or Chinese?
Which is
__________(
最好的电影院)
,Town
Cinema,Screen City or Movie Palace?
(
4
)
the
+
序数词
+
最高级
+
名词
+in
短语
The Yellow
river is the second longest river in our country.
Please give my best wishes to your
sister,Lily.
The monitor said last
Sunday was his most unlucky days in his life.
二
.
形容词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化。
1.
规则变化
(
1
)一般情况下,单音节或双音节的形容词(或副词)比较
级+
er
,
最高级+
est
如:
clever
-
cleverer
-
cleverest
few; small;great
(
2
< br>)以
e
结尾的词,比较级+
r<
/p>
,最高级+
st
即可
如:
nice
-
nicer
-
nicest cute; large fine
(
< br>3
)以辅音字母+
y
结尾的变<
/p>
y
为
i
+
er
或
est
如:
easy, happy, early , busy
, heavy , dirty , lazy ,friendly.
(4
)双写最后一个辅音字母+
er
或
est
的词同学要用心去记,把平时学到的归纳在一起。
p>
【以一个辅音字母(除
w
、
x
、
y
外)结尾的重读闭音节
且该音节中只有一个元音字母】
fat
-
fatter
-
fattest
thin; hot red wet big
(5
)多音节和部分双音节的词需要在形容词原级前+
________
< br>构成比较级,+
________
构成最高级。
如:
beautiful
-
more beautiful
-
the most beautiful
delicious, popular, important,
expensive, creative
,
cheaply
boring, interesting,exciting,
bored ,pleased, tired,
careful ,useful ,
2.
不规则变化:
good /well
—
better
—
best;
bad/badly/ill
-
worse
-
worst;
far
—
further
—
f
urthest (
程度深
) far-farther<
/p>
—
farthest(
距离远
)
old
—
elder
—
eldest
(
长幼
) old
—<
/p>
older
—
oldest
(
年龄
)
little---
less---least; much/ many
—
more
—
most
注意事项:
1
、形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词
,但如果最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格等修饰时,则不用定冠词。
< br>如:
(1)Monday is my busiest day.
(2)Jim is
Mike’s best
friend.
。
2
、形容词最高级常与介词
in
或
of
引导的短语(说明比较范围)连用。
< br>若介词后的名词或代词与句中的主语是同一类人或物时,常用
of
短语。
当强调是在某一范围、场所内进行比较时,常
用
in
短语。
如:
(1)She is the
oldest of these children. (2)Lily is the youngest
in her class.
3
、形容词最高级前可用序数词
进行限定,其结构为:
the+
序数词
+
形容词最高级
+
名词。
如:
The Yellow River is
the second longest river in China.
黄河是中国第二长河。
第
1
页
共
4
页
4<
/p>
、有时有最高级修饰的名词前还可以用不定冠词来修饰
,
但这时不含比较的意思,只是表示“非常,很”
如:
Their performance was a
greatest success.
他们的演出非常成功。
小试身手:写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级
good ___ ___ popular ___ ____
bad ___ ___ friendly ____ ______
comfortable ___ ___big ___ ___
athletic ___ ____ late ___ ___
important____ ____ heavy ___ ____
outstanding ___ __ fun ___ ___
cheaply____ ____ thin ___ ___
talented ___ ____ new ___ ___
单选题
1. Pop music
is ______music in the world.
A .best of
B .more better C .good of D. the best
2. Of all the students, Angie is the
_____but studies __________than others.
A .shorter, best B .shortest, better C
.shortest, best D .shorter, better
3.
As students, we must work hard to make our country
_______.
A .rich and stronger
B .richer and stronger
C .richer and
stronger D .rich and strong
4. John often talks _____ but does
_____, so all of us think he is a good boy.
A .little, many B .few, fast C
.less, more D. more, less
5. The
boy didn’t run ____ to catch the bus.
A .fast enough B .enough fast C
.quick enough D .enough quick
6. I’m
sure you can jump as ____as Jim if you wear your
sports shoes.
A .slow
B .slower C .higher D .high
8. Mr Zhang is one of ____in our
school.
A .the more popular teachers
B .most popular teachers
C .the most
popular teachers D .the most popular
teacher
副词比较级和最高级
一.副词比较级和最高级的构成跟形容词的完全一致
二.副词比较级和最高级的用法
(
与形容词的基
本相同
)
:
1.
原级主要的句型:
1
)
as+
副词原级
+a
s
Tom runs as fast as Jones.
not as/so+
副词原级
+as
He did
n’t
come
as/so early as Li Lei.
2
)
p>
too+
副词原级
+to do
sth.
“太……而不能……”
Jean rides too slowly to catch up with
me.
3
)
so
+
副词原级
+
that(
否定式
)
Jean
rides so slowly that
she can’t catch up
with me.
4
)副词原级
+enough to do sth.
Jean doesn’t ride
fast
enough to catch up with me.
2.
比较级的用法:
1
< br>)比较级
+than
。当前后使用的动词相同时,通常用
助动词来代替后面的动词,该动词或助动词可以省略。
Lily run faster than Mary(did). She
tells more funny jokes than we do.
I
spend less time doing homework than John does.
2
)比较级
+and
+
比较级
The days are
getting longer and longer in summer.
3
)
the
more
……
the
more
……
The harder
you work, the better you will learn.
3.
最高级的用法:
副词最高级前
一般有
the
,也可省略。
He works (the) hardest of all the
students in the class.
及时练习:单选。
(
)
1.
John is my friend of all the classmates.
A. good B. better C. best D. the best
(
)
2.
E-mailing is much than long-distance calling.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the
cheapest
(
)
3. Beijing is one of cities
in China.
A. very beautiful B. much
beautiful C. more beautiful D. the most beautiful
(
)4. The Yellow
River isn’t so as the Changjiang River.
A. long B. longest C. longer D. the
longest
第
2
页
共
4
页
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