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初中阅读理解细节题解题技巧及练习（教师版）
初中英语阅读理解最基本的要求是“能从一般性文章中获取和处理主要信息”
。对这种
“获取和处理主要信息”
能力的考查，
主要采用的方式就是细节判断。
这类题在阅读理解题
< br>中占据半壁江山，做好这类题是确保基础分的关键。同时，弄清细节，正确获取信息，也是
把握文章主旨的前提。因此，要特别重视做好这类题。
（一）细节题
细节题就是指那些
针对文章细节描写或与文章情节发展相关的事实所设置的问题。
这类题主
要测试考生获取信息及对文章所提供信息的理解能力。
1
．设题方式
此类题型多数以特殊疑问词设问，设问的检测点针对某一具体
行为、地点、时间、原因、
方式、
数量等。
细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，
往往针对短文某个细节来
设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。
此
类考查事实和细节的题目大多数是针对文章的
细节设计的。
其主要提问方式是：
1
）
True or NOT
true
是非判断类型
Which
of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
Which of the following statements is
NOT true?
Which of the following is
NOT considered as
?
?
According to the passage, which of the
following is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons
for ...?
2
）特殊疑问词提问类型
How many ...
？
What/who/when/where/how/why ...?
3
）排序题类型
Which of the
orders is correct according to the passage ?
4
）例证题类型
The author
gives the example in ...paragraph in order to ...
5
）
表唯一细节概念题类型：
...the most / ~est ......the only ...
2
．技巧点拨
做这类题的一般方法是先要找
出题干或是选项中的关键字，一般为数字、大写或人名地
名，再通过
scanning
快速确定该细节在文中的出处（信息源）
，仔细对照题干要求，排除或
选择。命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的
手法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微
处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把
A
的观点说成
B
的观点等。所以
正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。
细节事
实题还要十分注意句子的非主干成分，
如定语、
状语、补语等，
这些成分都是出题者常进行误导的落脚点。
是非判断一般都遵循对照选项进行“三对一错或三错一对”的
判断。若该信息句是长句
或难句，
要学会找出其主干部分，
分析句子结构，
正确理解信息句的意义。
一
定要注意的是，
要所答是所问，
不要受到惯势思维的影响，
习惯性地去选择正确的细节事实，
切记要弄清问
题，不要所答非所问。
例证题一定要注意以
for example ...,
such as ...
等关键入手处，
找出细节出处。
排序题要先
仔细观察选项，
找出首尾相同的选
项分组，
进而通过具体细节信息比较进行排除和选择。
唯
一细节题一定要仔细审题，弄清题干所需。特别需要提醒的是，选项中出现有
< br>most
（最高
级）
、
the only
（唯一）
、
all
（所有）
、
none<
/p>
（全否）修饰的细节，都具有绝对性，选择判断时
要慎选。
（
1
）题干定位法
细节题通常考查考生对于某些重要信息进行迅速、
准确地寻找的能力。
提问常常用特殊疑问
词<
/p>
what,when,where,who,whose,how,why
等引出。做这样的题，可以采用“题干定位法”
，即
先
弄清楚题干问什么，然后直接到文中寻找相关信息。带着问题去读文章，
目的明确，
容易
1
抓住文中与问题相关的信息点。
（
2
）跳读捕捉信息法
针对这样的题目，同学们只要运用
Skimming
（略读）的方法，先整体上阅读文章，然后从
原文中找到相关语句进行理解分析，<
/p>
就可以确定答案。
要注意的是，
不要孤立
地理解单个句
子，而要结合上下文语境来理解。
专项练习
（
1
）
Dear Disney,
Last
weekend, the four members of my family spent an
enjoyable holiday at the Magic Kingdo
m
- Disneyland. And one event made our visit seem
truly magical.
We got to the front of
the line at Space Mountain, only to find out that
our little daughter Gloria co
uldn't
take her ice-cream on the ride. We were so excited
that we all forgot ice-cream was not
allo
wed on the ride.
Gloria broke into tears and we all had no idea
what to do. Then Murphy, one of the
staff(
员
工
)
members, came over. She bent down and told Gloria
that she would hold the ice-cream for her
and give it to her when she finished
the ride. Gloria said,
ice-cream, and
she completely enjoyed the ride.
Sure enough, as we walked out the exit, there was
Gloria's new friend with
w you and I
both know what happened, because we know that an
ice-cream won't last twenty min
utes on
a summer afternoon in Florida. Murphy knew' what
time we would get off the ride; she
we
nt to the nearest shop and bought a
brand-new ice-cream thirty seconds before we
walked out the e
xit. Gloria said,
We
know that someone tried hard to make our visit
special. Thanks so much for going above
and beyond!
Your fan,
Carmen Rivera
74. The family's visit
to the Magic Kingdom was ________.
A)
helpful B) awful C) frightening D)
amazing
分析：细节题，从文章第一段“
one
event made our visit seem truly
magical
”
，
从
magical
的
意思可以
选出
D
选项。
75. Before the ride, Gloria cried
because _________.
A) she couldn't
find her parents in the line
B) she was too little to take the ride
C) she couldn't take her ice-cream on
the ride
D) she had to wait for
twenty minutes
分析：细节题，从文章的第二段，
< br>“
Gloria couldn't take her ice-cream
on the ride
”可以选出
C
选项。
76. Murphy was waiting
for Gloria ___________ after the ride.
A) in the ice-cream shop B) at the
exit
C) in the front of the line
D) at the entrance
分析：细节题，从文章的第四段“
as we walked
out the exit
”可以选出
B
的选项。
77. In order to keep
the promise, Murphy __________.
A)
took Gloria to the nearest shop B)
asked her new friend to help Gloria
C)
helped Gloria get off the ride D)
bought a new ice-cream for Gloria
分析：细节题，从文章的第四段“
bought a
brand-new ice-cream
”可以选出
D
选项。
79.
Carmen Rivera wrote the letter to __________.
A) order ice-creams B) promise to
visit again C) express her thanks D) give some
suggestions
2