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第十章
英语从句的翻译
Translation of clauses
一、定语从句的翻译
英语中定语从句
分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
两者之间的区别在于限制意义是强还是
弱，前者的限制意义很强，后者的限制意义很弱。
定语从句在商务英语中应用较
广泛。
一般
有三种翻译方法：
合并法、
分译法和混合法。
1
．合并法
(1)Pollution is a pressing problem
which we must deal with.
污染是我们必须解决的一个迫切问题。
(2) If the Buyer is unable to sell out
the amount of goods
which he has agreed
to purchase
from
the
Seller,
the
Buyer
may
reduce
the
quantity
of
goods
to
be
delivered
to
him
by
giving
written
notice thereof to the Seller before the shipment
is made.
如果买方不能销售
他已同意从卖方所购数量
的
货物，
买方可以书面通知卖方减少发货数
量，再要求卖方发货。
(3)
Party
B
guarantees
that
the
technical
documents
to
be
supplied
by
Party
B
are
the
latest
technical information
which has been put into practical used by Party B.
乙方保证所提供的技术资料是
乙方经过实际使用的
最新技术资料。
(4)Shipment
shall be commenced within 10 months counting from
the date
when the contract
has come into force
and
completed within 16months.
自合
同生效之日
起计算，
10
个月内装运
，
16
个月内交付完毕。
(5) The party,
who sets up a
breach of the Contract,
shall be under
a duty to take all necessary
measures
to mitigate the loss which has occurred.
A
违反合同的
一方有责任采取所有必要的措施减轻已经发生
的损失。
（
6
）
There was another man who seemed to
have answer, and that was Robert
McNamara.
另外一个人似乎胸有成竹
,
那就是麦克纳马拉。
2
分译法
(1)A fuel is a material which will burn
at a reasonable temperature and produce heat.
燃料是一种物质，在适当温度下能燃烧并放出热量。
(2)A healthy diet includes enough but
too many kinds of foods that provide thee body
with the
nutrients that it needs to
function properly.
健康的饮食包括的食物应该充足但不过多。<
/p>
这些食物
提供身体正常活动所必需的营养。
(3)
The
combination
of
satellites,
which
transmit
information
,
computer,
which
store
information
,
and
television,
which
displays
information
will
change
every
home
into
and
education and entertainment center.
传输信息的
卫星，
储存信息的
电脑，
显示信息的
电视
三者<
/p>
的结合会把每一个家庭变成
一个教育和娱乐中心。
(4)The
Seller
ensure
that
all
the
equipment
listed
in
Appendix
One
to
the
Contract
are
brand-new products whose performance
shall be in conformity with the Contract and
which are
manufactured
according to current Chinese National Standards or
Manufacture’s Standard.
卖方保证
本合同附件一所列全部设备都是新产品，
是根据现行的中国国家标准，
< br>或生产
厂的标准制造的，
其
性能
符合合同规定。
3
．
混合法
（混合法是把原句中的主语和从句溶合在一起译成一个独立的句子）
(1)We
used
a
plane
of
which
almost
every
part
carried
some
identification
of
national
identity.
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我们驾驶的飞机几乎每一个部件都有国籍的某些标志
。
(2)Fortunately,
there are some chemical fuel that are clean and
smokeless.
幸好有些化学燃料是洁净无烟的。
(3)There was another man who seemed to
have answers, and that was Robert MeNamara.
另外一个人似乎胸有成竹
,
那就是麦克纳马拉。
二、同位语从句
1
．保持原文的语序
He expressed the hope that he would
come over to visit China again.
他表示期望能再来中国访问。
We
are not investigating the question whether he is
trustworthy.
我们不是在调查他是否可以信任的问题。
2
．译为类似定语的结构或独成一句
Yet, from the beginning the fact that I
was alive was ignored.
然而，从一开始，我仍活着这个事实却偏偏被忽视了。
It does not alter the fact that he is
the man responsible for the delay.
迟延应由他负责，这个事实是改变不了的。
< br>3
．加入冒号、破折号或“这样”
、
“这一”
、
“即”等字眼进行翻译（
But considering realistically, we had
to face the fact that our prospects were less than
good.
但是现实考虑一下，我们不得不正视这样一个事实：我们的前景并不妙。<
/p>
That fact that the gravity
of the earth pulls everything towards the center
of the earth explains
many things.
地球引力把一切东西都吸向地心这一事实解释了许多现象。
Not
long
ago
the
scientists
made
an
exciting
discovery
that
this
“waste”
material
could
be
turned into plastics.
不久以前，科
学家们有了一个令人振奋的发现，即可以把这种废物变成塑料。
4
．改变原文的同位语结构，用汉语的无主句或其他方式译出
An order has been given that the
researchers who are now in the skylab should be
sent back.
已下命令将现在在航天实验室里的研究人员送回来。
Even the most precisely conducted
experiments offer no hope that the result can be
obtained
without any error.
即使是最精确的实验，也没有希望获得无任何误差的实验结果。
However,
the
writing
of
chemical
symbols
in
the
form
of
an
equation
does
not
give
any
assurance that the
reaction shown will actually occur.
但是，
将化学符号写成反应式，并不意味着所表示的反应确实会发生。
And there was the possibility
that a small electrical sport might
accidentally bypass the most
carefully
planned circuit.
而且总有这种可能性
----
一个小
小的电火花
,
可能会意外地绕过了最为精心设计的线路
.
三、状语从句的翻译
英语状语和状语从句的功能可表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步和目的等。
（
1He had scarcely handed me
the later when he asked me to read it.
他把信一交给我，就叫我念给他听。
e.g. Make a mark where you have any
doubts or questions.
在有疑问的地方做个记号。
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e.g. The crops failed because the
season was dry.
因为气候干燥，作物欠收。
e.g. Granted the this true, what
conclusion can you draw?
假设这是实际情况，你又能得出什么结论呢。
e.g. While this is true of some, it is
not true of all.
虽然有一部分是真的，但不见得都是真的。
e.g. We should star early so that we
might get there before noon.
我们应当早点动身，这样就能在正午之前赶到那里。
但在商务英语中，
特别是在国际商务合同中，
商
务合同是合同各方就相互权利义务达成
一致意见而订立的书面文件。
这种书面文件主要约定双方应享有的权利和应履行的义务，
但
这种权利的行使和义务的履行，均附有各种条件。当条件成熟时，当事人的权利才能实现，
或义务方可履行。
1
．状语
(1) in case of
e.g. In case of quality discrepancy,
claims shall be filed by the Buyer within 30 days
after the
arrival of the goods at the
port of destination.
若发生质量索赔，买方的索赔必须在货物
到达目的港的
30
天内提出。
(2) in the event of
e.g. In
the event of graft or serious dereliction of duty
on the part of the general manager and/or
deputy general managers, the Board of
Directors shall have the power to dismiss them at
will.
若总经理和
/
或副总经理有营私舞弊或严重失职时，董事会有权随时将其撤换。
(3) in consideration of
考虑到；
鉴于；
由于
e.g. In consideration of the Licenses
and technical assistance provided herein, the
Joint Venture
Company shall pay Party A
technical assistance fees in USD.
考虑到许可
以及在此提供的技术援助，合资公司将以美圆的方式支付甲方技术援助
费。
(4) subject to
在
……
条件下；根据
…
..<
/p>
规定；在
…
..
规定的范围内；以
……
为有效。
e.g. Subject to the terms to this
Agreement, the Producer agrees to be bound by the
terms to the
following markrting
agreement.
在本协议的条件下，制造商同意接受下列销售协议各项条款的约
束。
2
．状语从句
（
1
）
If
the
Force Majeure
event
lasts over 60 days, the Buyer shall have the right
to cancel the
Contract or the
undelivered part of the Contract.
若不可抗力
事件持续
60
天以上，买方有权撤消本合同或合同中未完成的部
分。
（
2
）
In
case no settlement can be reached through
negotiation, the case shall then be submitted to
Arbitration
Tribunal
of
the
Stockholm
Chamber
of
Commerce
in
accordance
with
the
Arbitration Rules and
Pricedure of the said Tribunal.
如通过协商仍不
能达成协议时，
应提交斯德哥尔摩商会仲裁院，
根据该院的仲裁
规则
和程序进行仲裁。
（
3
）
In
the event that deficiencies in the Equipment
become evident, such deficiencies shall be
corrected
by
ABC
during
the
two
days
per
week
during
which
the
Purchaser
will
not
be
testing. <
/p>
若发现设备有缺陷，应由
ABC
用每周买
方不进行试验的这两天时间对设备予以校正。
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（
4
）
Should any of
the stipulations to the Contract be altered,
amended, supplemented or deleted,
the
same
shall
be
negotiated
between
and
agreed
upon
by
both
parties
and
written
documents shall be sighed by the
representatives of both parties.
本合同条款的
任何变更、
修改或增删，
须经双方协商同意，
< br>并由双方代表签署书面文
件为有效。
< br>（
5
）
Neither
party shall have the right to represent the other
party unless otherwise arranged.
除另有安排者
外，
任何一方无权代表另一方。
（
un
less
从句中的主语和动词常
be
省
去。
）
（
6
）
We
can sell a lot of garments provided that your
price is highly competitive.
如果你方价格很有竞争性，我方就可大量出售。
二、练习
1.
“Net
Selling Price” means the price
at which
the product is sold by Party B from time
to
time
after
deduction
of
packing,
installation
and
freight
charges,
trade
and
quantity
discount, commission, insurance and
commodity tax, if any, directly applicable of
product.
Sellers shall not be
responsible for delay in shipment or non-delivery
of the goods due
to
Force
Majeure,
which has occurred during the
manufacturing process or in the course
of loading or in transit.
3.
We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many
more rays of light than our eyes, can see
clearly in the night.
4.
When one party
to the Joint Venture
Company assigns all or part of his investment, the
other party has preemptive right.
5. In case the Buyer finds any document
incorrect, the buyer is obliged to cable the
Seller
indicating
the
incorrect
items.
The
cable
shall
be
sent
within
20
days
after
the
Bank
of
China , Beijing Branch has received the
Seller’s documents.
1.
“Net Selling Price” means the price
at which the product is sold by Party B
from time to time
after
deduction
of
packing,
installation
and
freight
charges,
trade
and
quantity
discount,
commission,
insurance and commodity tax, if any, directly
applicable of product.
“
净销售价
”
,
是指在扣除合同产品的包装费、安
装费、运输费、商业和数量折扣、佣金、
保险费和商品税之后，乙方通过销售合同产品的
价格。
Sellers shall not be
responsible for delay in shipment or non-delivery
of the goods due to
Force
Majeure,
which has occurred during the
manufacturing process or in the course of loading
or in transit.
因
为在生产、
装运或运输过程中发生的不可抗力事件，
卖方对迟交
或未交货不负责任。
(
定
语从句转译成
状语
)
3. We know that a cat,
whose eyes can take in many more rays of light
than our eyes, can see
clearly in the
night.
我们知道由于猫的眼睛比我们人的眼睛能吸收更多的光线，
所以猫在黑夜也能看得很清
楚。
4. When one party to the Joint Venture
Company assigns all or part of his investment, the
other
party has preemptive right.
如果合资公司一方拟转让其全部或部分出资额，另一方有优先购买权。
5.
In
case
the
Buyer
finds
any
document
incorrect,
the
buyer
is
obliged
to
cable
the
Seller
indicating the
incorrect items. The cable shall be sent within 20
days after the Bank of China ,
Beijing
Branch has received the Seller’s documents.
买方如发现文件有错误时，应在中国银行北京市分行收到卖方
文件之日起
20
天内电告
卖方，并指出
错误项目。
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第十二章
英语难句和长句的翻译
Teaching Objectives
(
教学目的
):
1. To
make students understand the importance of
translation
2. To help the students
know the character of long sentences in
translation.
Teaching
Requirements(
教学要求
):
①
Students are
able to get a clear picture of the text .
②
Students are
required to master the new words and phrases in
this part.
③
Students should read some reading
materials and do exercises after class .
Teaching methodology
(
教学方法
):
④
Communicative
method
(
交际法
)
⑤
Cognitive metho
d
(
认知法
)
:
⑥
Functional
and notional
method
(
功能意念法
)
⑦
The grammar-
translation method
Time Distributive
(
时间分配
)
1.
Preparation
and analyses of the text
(2
hours)
⑧
Analyses
of the text A and exercises (1 hours)
Focuses in teaching
(
教学难点
)
ation of the difficult sentences
Teaching Procedures
(
教学过程
)
一、
英汉翻译中译文句式的重组
1
．
This Contract
is made
by and between the Buyer and
the Seller
, whereby the Buyer
agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to
sell the under-mentioned commodity according to
the terms
and conditions stipulated
below.
买卖双方
同意按下列条款购买、出售下述商品，
并签订本合同。
(
动作的发出者译为
主
语
)
2.
But
without
Adolf
Hitler,
who
was
possessed
of
a
demoniac
personality,
a
granite
will,
uncanny
instincts,
a
cold
ruthlessness,
a
remarkable
intellect,
a
soaring
imagination
and----
until
toward
the
end,
when
drunk
with
power
and
success,
he
over
reached
himself----an
amazing
capacity to size up
people and situations, there almost certainly
would never have been a Third
Reich.
然而
,
如果没有阿道夫
·
希特勒，
那就几乎可以肯定不
会有第三帝国。
因为阿道夫
·
希特
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勒有着恶魔般的性格、花岗岩般的意志、不可思议的本能、无
情的冷酷、杰出的智力、深远
的想象力以及对人和对局势的判断力。
这种判断力最后由于权力和胜利冲昏了头脑而自不量
力，终于弄巧成拙。
分析：
这个句子由一个主句，
< br>一个非限定性定语从句和一个状语从句组成。
插入主句中间
的是一个由
who
引导的非限定性定语从句。这个从句较长，
句中又插入了一个用破折号分
开的，由
until
引导时间状语从句。这个状语从句对非限定性定语从句的后面部分作了些补
充
说明，因而，虽然具有相对的独立意义，仍可根据逻辑关系，将该句译文置于句尾。
（全
句有两层主要意思：①如果没有阿道夫
·
希特勒，
那就几乎可以肯定不会有第三帝国；②
希特勒在性格、
智力、
能力等方面具有的某些特点
。
原文各句的逻辑关系和表达顺序与汉语
大致一致，但因从句是
插入成分，和汉语表达习惯不同，所以，翻译时
顺中有逆，可以综合
处理
/
重组）
3. Applied science, on the
other hand, is directly concerned with the
application of the working
laws
of
pure
science
to
the
practical
affairs
of
life,
and
to
increasing
man’s
control
over
his
environment, thus leading to the
development of techniques, processes and machines.
应用科学则直接涉及应用问题。它研究的是如何将纯科学的工作定律应用于实际生活、<
/p>
应用于加强人类对其周围环境的控制，从而导致新技术、新工艺和新机器的产生。
二、顺译法
was on a Sunday evening, when he was lying in the
orchard listening to a blackbird and
composing a love poem that he heard the
gate swing to, and saw the girl coming running
among
the trees, with the red-cheeked,
stupid Joe in swift pursuit.
一个星期日的傍晚，<
/p>
他正躺在果园里，一面在听画眉鸟的啁啾，一面写一首爱情诗，忽然听
得大门砰地关上，接着看见那姑娘从树丛里奔来，后面飞跟着那呆头呆脑的红脸的乔。
分析：
这个句子是由一个强调句（时间）
< br>，一个状语从句和二个现在分词短语表示伴随的时
间状语，还有一个介词短语。<
/p>
2. Four scores and seven
years ago our father brought fourth on this
continent, a new nation,
conceived in
Liberty, and the proposition that all men are
created equal.
87
年前，我们的先辈们在这
个大陆上创立了一个新的国家，它以自由为立国之本，奉
行所有人生来平等的原则。
三、倒置法（按照汉语的逻辑顺序进行翻译）
1. And he know how ashamed he would
have been if he had known his mother and the kind
of
place in which he was born, and the
kind of people among whom he was born.
他出生在这样一类人中间，
他出生在这种地方，
他有这样的母亲
；
这些要是让他知道了的
话，他知道该多么丢人。
分析：
这个句子由一个宾语从句，
一个条件从句
（在从句中的主语用
and
连接另外两个名
词词组作宾语）和两个定语从句。
2.
In
reality,
the
lines
of
division
between
sciences
are
becoming
blurred,
and
science
again
approaching
the
“unity”
that
it
had
two
centuries
ago—
although
the
accumulated
knowledge
is
enormously greater now,
and no one person can hope to comprehend more than
a fraction of it.
虽然现在积累起来的知识要多得多，
而一个人也只可能了解其中的一小部分，
但事实上，
各科学之间界线却变得模糊不清，科学再次近似于两百年前那样的“单一整体”
。
3. And I take heart from the
fact that enemy, which boasts that it can occupy
the strategic point in
a
couple
of
hours,
has
not
yet
been
able
to
take
even
the
outlying
regions,
because
of
the
stiff
resistance that gets
in the way.
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吹嘘能在几小时内就能占领战略要地的敌人
,
由于一路受到顽强
抵抗
,
甚至还没有能占领
外围地带
.
这一事实使我增强了信心
.
四、分译法（拆译）
Smith was drunk, he used to
beat his wife and daughter; and the next morning,
with a
headache, he would rail at the
world for its neglect of his genius, and abuse,
with a good deal of
cleverness, and
sometimes with perfect reason, the fools, his
brother painters.
史密斯喝醉之后常常打老婆和女儿；
第二天带着头痛发牢骚，
抱怨世人不
能赏识他
的才华。他痛骂同行的画家都是糊涂虫。话很尖刻，有时候也有道理。
分析：
这个句子由一个主从复合句（即状语从
句）
，
一个由
And
连接起来另一个句子
和二个由引起的介词短语作状语。
e I of the GATT is the
celebrated most favored nation (MFN) clause under
which each
member nation must give
treatment to other member nation
s’
imports and exports that is at least as
favorable as that applied to the most
favored nation.
关税及贸易总协定的第一条是著名的最惠国条款，<
/p>
每一个成员国给予其他成员国的进出口
货物的待遇至少和给予最惠
国的待遇同样的优惠。
3. The foreign
visitors watched in a fascinated manner the
tournament held in Beijing, which
exhibited
a
superb
performance
in
smash
service,
twist
service,
steady
service,
high
drop
and
killing and ended in a draw.
外宾观看了在北京举行的这场锦标赛。这场比赛在发扣球、转球、
< br>保险球、吊球和扣杀
方面技术都十分精湛，最后打成了平局。他们看得简直人了迷
。
五、练习
(The poor)are the first to experience
technological progress as a curse which destroys
the
old
muscle-
power
jobs
that
previous
generations
used
as
a
means
to
fight
their
way
out
of
poverty.
United Nations Secretary General say
he is sure
the Security Council will
approve the
agreement with Iraq about
UN arms inspectors.
3. A great number
of graduate students were driven into the
intellectual slum when in the United
States the intellectual poor became the
classic poor, the poor under the rather romantic
guise of
Beat Generation, a real
phenomenon in the late fifties.
4. My
mother, Jane Lampton Clements, died in her 88th
year, a mighty age for one who at 40
was so delicate of body as to be
accounted a confirmed invalid destined to pass
soon away.
参考译文五、练习
1. They
(The poor)are the first to experience
technological progress as a curse which destroys
the
old muscle-power jobs that previous
generations used as a means to fight their way out
of poverty.
对于以往的几代人来说，
旧式的体力劳动是一种用以摆脱贫苦的手段，
而技术的进步则
摧毁了穷人赖以为生的体力劳动。因此，首先体验到技术进步之害的是穷人。
（重组）
2. The United Nations
Secretary General say he is sure the Security
Council will approve the
agreement with
Iraq about UN arms inspectors.
联合国秘书长说他
确信安理会会批准与伊拉克达成的有关联合国武器核查人员的协议。
（顺译）
3. A great number of graduate
students were driven into the intellectual slum
when in the United
States the
intellectual poor became the classic poor, the
poor under the rather romantic guise of
7
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Beat Generation, a real
phenomenon in the late fifties.
50
年代后期的美国出现了一个真正的奇观：
穷知识
分子以“垮掉的一代”这种颇为浪
漫的姿态出现而成为美国的典型的穷人。
正是在这个时候大批大学毕业生被赶进了知识分子
贫民窟。
< br>（倒置）
4. My mother, Jane
Lampton Clements, died in her 88th year, a mighty
age for one who at 40
was so delicate
of body as to be accounted a confirmed invalid
destined to pass soon away.
我的母亲简?
?
兰普顿
˙克来门斯是在她
88
岁那年去世的。
这对于一位<
/p>
40
岁就身体纤弱、
被公认有痼疾缠身、
注定不久于人世的人来说，是难得的高龄。
5.
The
first
technical
service
shall
start
in
the
sixth
day
after
the
contract
comes
into
effect.
Party
B
shall
send
a
specialist
to
Party
A’s
factory
to
provide
technical
service
for
12
working
day/man.
第一次技术服务应始于本合同生效之日起第六天
.
乙方应派遣一名技术人员赴甲方工厂
,
提供
12
工作人
/
日的技
术指导。
第十八章
商务合同的翻译
Teaching
Objectives
(
教学目的
)
:
1. To make students
understand the importance of translation
2. To help students translate the
clauses correctly.
3. To require the
students to know the character of international
business contact in
translation.
Teaching
Requirements(
教学要求
):
1. Students are able to get a clear
picture of the text .
2. Students are
required to master the new words and phrases in
this part.
3. Students should read some
reading materials and do exercises after class .
Teaching methodology
(
教学方法
):
1.
Communicative method
(
交际法
)
2. Cognitive method
(
< br>认知法
)
:
3.
Functional and notional
method
(
功能意念法
)
4. The grammar-translation method
Time Distributive
(
时间分配
)
1.
Preparation and analyses of the text
(2 hours)
es of the text A
and exercises (1 hours)
Focuses in
teaching
(
教学难点
)
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1. The character of
international business contact in translation.
Teaching Procedures
(
教学过程
)
一、商务合同的种类
合同类文件是具
有法律性质的文件，
主要包括合同、契约、协议和意向等，是双方当事人
或单位就某一经济或商业活动过程中协商达成的协议，
对当事双方具有约束力，
因此也被人
称为“契约文体”
。这种协
议可以是很正规的，也可以是非正式的、民间性质的（如租房协
议）
。本章讨论的合同主要指正式的涉外商务合同，即中国国内企业或其他经济组织同外国
的企业、经济组织或个人之间为实现一定的经济目的、进行商品交换、
融资、
经济技术合作
和交流等活动所依法签订的、明确双方权利义务关系的书面
协议。
涉外商务合同范围广泛、种类繁多。例如；在商品交易
方面，有国际货物买卖合同、成
套设备进口合同、
包销合同、<
/p>
代理合同、
寄售合同、
易货合同、
保管合同、
补偿贸易合同等。
还有在劳务服务方面，投资方面，资金融通方面等等。这些合同虽然种类繁多，但一般
都遵循国际惯例且具有官方性质，因此其篇章结构与格式非常正规且具有程式化、条目化、
趋向化的特点。
二、涉外商务合同的结构及篇章特点
（阅读文中第
188-192-
页）
前面我们讲过，国际商务合同范围广泛、种类繁多，标的各异，但就其结构而言，一般<
/p>
由三个部分组成：前言、正文、结尾。我们再来回顾一下：
首先，合同的前言（
Preamble of a
contract
）
国际商务合同的
前言部分，
主要包括两个方面的内容：
其一，
< br>主要载明合同当事人的名
称或者姓名、国际、主营业务或者住所（
The corporate or personal names of the parties
to the
contract and their
nationalities, principal places of business or
residential address
）
;
其二，合同签
订的日期、地点
(the dare
and place of signing of the contract)
。以
上两项内容主要解决以下法
律问题：订约人是否具有合法主体资格，
合同及合同争议应适用的法律；合同履行地点；合
同生效、终止、履行日期及争议时
的司法管辖权等等。
[
例
1]
本
合同由中国
ABC
公司，
总公司设于中国上海
（以下简称卖方）
与美国
XYZ
公司，
总公司
设于美国纽约州纽约市（以下简称买方）于
1998
年
3
月
29
日订
立于中国上海，双方同意按下述条件买卖下列货物：
This contract is made this
29
th
day of March, 1998 in
shanghai, China by and between ABC
Corporation. China (hereinafter
referred to as “Seller”), a
Corporation having their
principal office in Shanghai, China who
agree to sell, and XYZ Corporation (hereinafter
referred
to as “Buyer”), a
Corporation having their principal
office in New York, N.Y.,USA, who
agrees to buy the following goods on
the terms and conditions as below:
[
例
2]
合
同号码：
（经合字）第
0081
号
签约日期：
1998
年
3
月
29
日
签约地点：中国上海
卖方：中国
ABC
< br>公司
地址：中国上海
街
号
公司属国：中华人民共和国
电传：
传真：
邮编：
9
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电子信箱：
买方：美国
XYZ
公司
地址：美国纽约州纽约市
街
号
公司属国：美利坚合众国
电传：
传真：
邮编：
电子信箱：
Contract Number: JH ZI, No. 0081
Date of Execution of Contract: March,
29, 1998
Place of Execution of
Contract: Shanghai, China.
Seller: ABC
Corporation, China.
Address: No.
,
St., Shanghai, China.
Country of Corporation: People’s
Republic of China.
Telex:
Fax:
Postcode:
E-mail:
Buyer:
XYZ Corporation, USA
Address: No.
,
ST., New York,
N.Y
. USA
Country of
Corporation: United States of America
Telex:
Fax:
Postcode:
E-mail:
其次，合同的正文（
Main
Body of a Contract
）
< br>国际商务合同的正文部分是合同的实质性的条款，通常由以下内容组成：
（
1
）
合同的类型和
合同的种类、
范围
（
The type
of contract and the categories and scope of
the object of the
contract
）
翻译这部分内容
，
应该注意下列问题
：
第一，
合同的类型是指合同属于国际货物销售合
同
（<
/p>
contract for international sale of goods
）
、
专有技术许可证合同
（
license/know-how contract
< br>）
、
成套设备技术引进合同（
c
ontract for introduction of complete plant and tec
hnology
）还是其他
合同（
ot
her contracts
）
;
第二
，合同标的是指合同当事人各方权利、义务所指向的对象，没
有标的或标的不明确的合同
是无法履行的。
（
2
）合同标的技术条件、质量、标准、规格、数量
(The technical
conditions, quality,
standards,
specifications and quantities of the object of the
contract)
合同标的质量和数量，是确定合同标的最重要的条件。
涉外商务合同要有
明确、具
体的数量和质量要求。
（
3
）合同
履行的期限、地点和方式（
Time limit, place and
method of performance
）
履行期限主要指履行合同义务的
时间界线
，
这是确定合同是否按时履行或迟延履行的标
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