08《跨文化交际》考试复习题新

1. Intercultural communication.

（参考课本

P8.

）

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2. Verbal communication

Communication done both orally and in written language

Easier to use words to represent one’s experiences within the same culture because people share many similar

experiences.

More troubl

esome in verbal communication across cultures because people’s experiences, beliefs, values,

customs, traditions and the like are different.

3. Non- verbal communication

It refers to communication through a whole variety of different types of signal come into play, including the

way we move, the gestures we employ, the posture we adopt, the facial expression we wear, the direction of our

gaze, to the extent to which we touch and the distance we stand from each other.

4. Culture shock

It is a psychological phenomenon that is experienced most often by those who, whether voluntarily or

involuntarily, in the process of adjusting themselves to a new culture.

II. Answer the following questions (

简答题

)

1.

What’s the relationship between language and culture

？

Language is a reflection of culture, and culture is a reflection of language.

Culture influences language by way of symbols and rules for using those symbols, as well as our perceptions of

the universe (the meaning associated with the symbols).

Language, on the other hand, would seem to have a major impact on the way an individual perceives and

conceptualizes the world.

2. Describe the different ways in showing hospitality between Chinese culture and western culture

Chinese guests always refuse offer of drinks or food to demonstrate politeness in seeming not to wish to put

their host to any trouble. Sometimes an offer is not a real offer but a polite remark. After we say 'no', we usually

wait for the second and third offer. If the host just brings the food or drink and ignores 'no', we ill accept it.

Chinese like to press their guests to drink or eat to show their hospitality. While westerners always accept or

refuse offer of drinks or food very genuinely. Their refusal is accepted as genuine. Westerners don

’

t press. To

press people to have food or drink after they have refused is frowned upon and can cause embarrassments.

3. What are the differences on receiving gifts between Chinese and westerner?

In the West, it is regarded as polite to open gifts as soon as they are given to express appreciation. In China,

the situation is quite the reverse. Normally we Chinese feel that if you open the gift as soon as it is given, you

might

embarrass

the person

who gives the

gift

and

you might

be thought

greedy. Therefore, Chinese people

tend to open the gifts after the visitors have left.

In

China,

many

people

send

gifts

without

wrapping

them,

and

if

they

wrap

them,

they

usually

tell

the

receiver what is inside, and the receiver will thank the sender and put the gift aside without unwrapping them

since they already know what is inside. English receivers open the gifts in front of the senders of the gifts.

4. Explain the term

“

intercultural communication competence

”

and its three components.

The intercultural

competence refers to

the ability to

understand and adapt

the target

culture. Intercultural

communicative

competence

involves

cognitive,

affective

and

operational

aspects,

which

are

inseparable

in

reality.

The

interrelatedness

of

cognitive,

affective,

and

operational

components

is

very

important

in

the

improvement of the communicator’s intercultural communication competence. There are also three aspects in

terms

of

affective

components:

adaptation

motivation,

Identity

flexibility

and

esthetic

co- orientation,

the

cognitive aspects

of intercultural communication competence are the mental capacities of comprehension and

ability

to

understand

the

meanings

of

various

verbal

and

nonverbal

codes.

Operational

components

are

that

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