-
国
际
音
标
International
Phonetic Alphabet
元音
单元音
双元音
根据舌头形状
短元音
长元音
[i]
[Λ]
[
?
] [u]
[?]
[e] [?]
[i:]
[a:] [
?
:] [u:]
[?:]
[ei]
[ai]
[
?
i]
[au ]
[u
?
]
[i
?
]
[e
?
]
[u
?
]
圆唇音
扁唇音
中常音
[
?
]
[
?
:] [u:] [u]
[i:] [?:]
[i] [e]
[?] [a:] [
?] [Λ]
[i:] [i] [e] [?]
[?:]
[?]
[a:]
[Λ]
[
?
]
[
?
:] [u:] [u]
根据舌头抬起的部位
前元音
中元音
后元音
辅音
.
根据气流和声带
根据发音方式
清辅音
浊辅音
爆破音
鼻辅音
磨擦音
破擦音
半元音
边音
[p] [t] [k] [f]]
[θ] [s]
[ts] [tr] [∫] [t∫]
[b]
[d][g] [v] [?
][z] [dz] [dr]
[
]
[p] [b] [t]
[d] [k] [g]
[m
] [n]
[η]
[f] [v] [θ] [ ?] [s] [z]
[∫] [ ] [r] [h]
[t∫] [d ]
[ts]
[dz] [tr] [dr]
[w]
[j]
[l]
[p] [b] [m] [w]
[f] [v]
[θ] [ ?]
[t] [d]
[s] [z] [n] [l]
[r]
[∫]
[t∫] [d ]
[j]
[k] [g] [η]
[h]
.
根据发声部位
双唇音
唇齿音
舌齿音
齿龈音
后齿龈音
硬颚齿龈音
软腭輔音
软腭輔音
声门辅音
单词与音标的结合
单词与音标的结合
[i:]
ee:
sweets
bee
see
green
ea:
meat
leaf
sea
tea
[ i ]
i:
pig
fish
chin
sit
kick
lip
ink
gift
y:
lorry
happy
jelly
lily
[?:]
ir:
girl
skirt
bird
ur:
purse
nurse
curl
fur
ear:
learn
pearl
[?]
er:
teacher
mother
offer
writer
tiger
leader
or:
doctor
ar:
sugar
[
?
:]
al:
ball
wall
tall
walk
or:
horse
corn
sport
short
[
?
]
o:
fox
coffee
shop
mop
fox
dog
[u:]
oo:
zoo
food
moon
broom
noodles
spoon
cool
[u]
oo:
wood
book
cook
foot
hook
look
u:
bull
bullet
push
[a:]
ar:
car
star
arm
park
darts
start
scarf
dark
[Λ]
u:
sun
gum
bus
but
luck
cup
o:
son
money
[?]
a :
dad
flag
hand
rabbit
ant
cap
[e]
e:
egg
bell
desk
ten
bed
ea:
bread
head
sweat
peasant