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What
is Plagiarism
Many people think of
plagiarism as copying another’s work, or borrowing
someone else’s original ideas. But
terms like “copying” and “borrowing” can disguise
the seriousness of the offense:
According to the
Merriam-
Webster OnLine Dictionary
, to
“plagiarize” means
1)
to steal and
pass off (the ideas or words of another)
as one's own
2)
to use (another's production) without
crediting the
source
3)
to commit
literary theft
4)
to present as new and original an idea
or product
derived from an existing
source.
In other words, plagiarism is
an act of
fraud
. It
involves both
stealing
someone
else’s work and
lying
about it afterward.
But can words and ideas really be
stolen?
According to
U.S. law, the answer is yes. In the United States
and
many other
countries, the expression of original ideas is
considered
intellectual property, and is protected
by copyright laws, just like original
inventions. Almost all forms of
expression fall under copyright protection
as long as they are recorded in some
media (such as a book or a computer file).
All of the following are considered
plagiarism:
?
turning in someone else’s work as your
own
?
copying words or ideas from someone
else without giving credit
?
failing to put a quotation in quotation
marks
?
giving
incorrect information about the source of a
quotation
?
changing words but copying the sentence
structure of a source without
giving
credit
?
copying
so many words or ideas from a source that it makes
up the
majority of your work, whether
you give credit or not (see our section on
“fair use” rules)
Attention!
Changing the
words of an original source is
not
sufficient to
prevent plagiarism.
If you
have retained the essential idea of an original
source, and
have not cited it, then no
matter how drastically you may have altered its
context or
presentation,
you
have still plagiarized
Most
cases of plagiarism can be avoided, however, by
citing sources. Simply
acknowledging
that certain material has been borrowed, and
providing your audience
with the
information necessary to find that source, is
usually enough to prevent
plagiarism.
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