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2019年全国统一高考英语试卷以及答案(全国1卷解析版)-19年全国一英语

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2021-02-01 10:33
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2021年2月1日发(作者:toronto是什么意思)



2019


年全国统一高考英语试卷(全国


1


卷)



第一部分



听力(共两节)第一节(共


5


小题;每小题


1.5


分,满分


7.5


分)听下面


5


段对


话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的


A



B


C


三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段


对话后,你都有


10


秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍 。例:


How much is the shirt



A. ?


19.15.B. ?


9.18.C. ?

< br>9.15.


答案是


C




1




1.5


分)


Where does this conversation take place




A



In a classroom




B



In a hospital




C



In a museum




2

< br>.



1.5


分)


What does Jack want to do




A



Take fitness classes




B



Buy a pair of gym shoes




C



Change his work schedule




3




1.5


分)

< p>
What are the speakers talking about




A



What to drink




B



Where to meet




C



When to leave




4



1.5


分)

< br>What is the relationship between the speakers




A



Colleagues




B



Classmates

< p>



C



Strangers




5< /p>




1.5


分)


Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation




A



She might want a ticket




B



She is looking for the man




C



She has an extra ticket




第二节 (每小题


1.5


分,满分


22.5


分)听下面


5


段对话或独白.每段对话或独 白后有几个


小题,从题中所给的


A


、< /p>


B



C


三个选项 中选出最佳选项.听每段对话或独白前,你将有时


间阅读各个小题,每小题


5


秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出


5

< br>秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或


独白读两遍.


< p>


1


页(共


36


页)




< p>
6




3


分)听材料,回答下列问题.




1



How long did James run his business




A



10 years




B



13 years




C



15 years





2



How does the woman feel about James' situation




A

< p>


Embarrassed



B



Concerned




C


< p>
Disappointed



< br>7




4.5

< br>分)听材料,回答下列问题.




1



What has Kate's mother decided to do




A



Return to school




B



Change her job




C



Retire from work





2



What did Kate's mother study at college




A



Oil painting




B



Art history




C



Business administration





3



What is Kate's attitude toward her mother's decision




A



Disapproving



B



Ambiguous




C


< p>
Understanding




8




4.5


分)听材料,回答下列问题.



1



What is the man doing




A



Chairing a meeting




B



Hosting a radio program




C



Conducting a job interview




(< /p>


2



What benefits Mary most in her job




A



Her wide reading




B



Her leaders' guidance





2


页(共


36


页)





C



Her friends' help





3



Who will Mary talk about next




A



Her teacher




B



Her father




C



Her mother




9

< br>.



6


分)听材料,回答下列问 题.




1



Why does the man seldom do exercise




A



He lacks motivation




B



He has a heart problem




C



He works all the time





2



What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do




A



He's an athlete




B



He's a researcher




C



He's a journalist





3



Why does the woman speak of a study




A



To encourage the man




B



To recommend an exercise




C



To support her findings





4



How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly




A



300 minutes




B



150 minutes




C



75 minutes




10




4.5


分)听材料,回 答下列问题.




1

< br>)


What did the scientists do to the road




A



They repaired it




B



They painted it




C



They blocked it





2



Why are young birds drawn to the road surface




A



It's warm




B



It's brown




3


页(共


36


页)





C



It's smooth




< br>3



What is the purpose of the scientists' experiment




A



To keep the birds there for a whole year




B



To help students study the birds well




C



To prevent the birds from being killed




第二部分



阅读理解(共两节)第一节 (满分


30


分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的

< br>A



B



C



D


四个选项中,选出最佳选项。



11



(< /p>


6


分)



Need a Job This Summer








The


provincial


government


and


its


partners


offer


many


programs


to


help


students


find


summer jobs




The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program








Not a student




Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools


available to help people under 30 build skills




find a job or start businesses all year round




Jobs for Youth







If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province




you could be eligible


(符合


条件)


for this program




Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training








Who is eligible




Youth 15



18 years old in select communities


(社区)




Summer Company







Summer Company provides students with hands



on business training and awards of up


to $$3



000 to start and run their own summer businesses








Who is eligible




Students aged 15



29




returning to school in the fall




Stewardship Youth Ranger Program







You


could


apply


to


be a


Stewardship Youth


Ranger


and


work


on


local


natural


resource


management projects for eight weeks this summer








Who


is


eligible




Students


aged


16


or


17


at


time


of


hire




but


not


turning


18


before


December 31 this year




Summer Employment Opportunities


(机会)







Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program




students are hired each year


in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service




its related agencies and


community groups




< br>4


页(共


36


页)









Who is eligible




Students aged 15 or older




Some positions require students to be 15 to


24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability






1



What is special about Summer Company









A




It requires no training before employment




B




It provides awards for running new businesses




C




It allows one to work in the natural environment




D




It offers more summer job opportunities




(< /p>


2



What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program









A



15



18




B



15



24




C



15



29




D



16



17



< br>(


3



Which program favors the disabled









A




Jobs for Youth




B




Summer Company




C




Stewardship Youth Ranger Program




D




Summer Employment Opportunities




12




8


分)< /p>


For Canaan Elementary's second grade in Patchogue




N

< p>


Y




today is speech day



and


right


now


it's


Chris


Palaez's


turn




The


8



year



old


is


the


joker


of


the


class




With


shining dark eyes




he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking








But he's nervous





should




th e



ld



< /p>



native English speakers




His teacher



Thomas Whaley



is next to him




whispering s upport




Vote for



me


…< /p>



stumbles



Chris is doing amazingly well




When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion



Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him








A


son


of


immigrants




Chris


started


learning


English


a


little


over


three


years


ago




Whaley recalls


(回想起)


how at the beginning of the year



when called upon to read



Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom








Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience




What you need is a


< br>5


页(共


36


页)





great teacher who lets you make mistakes









for


a


student


who


is


learning


English


as


their


new


language



to


feel


confident


enough to say




I don't know



but I want to know



'







Whaley got the idea of this second



grade presidential campaign project when he asked


the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president




The


answer broke his heart




Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and


speak in public




He wants these kids to learn to boast


(夸耀)


about themselves










and your best qu alities




< br>


child who came into the classroom not feeling confident







1



What made Chris nervous









A




Telling a story




B




Making a speech




C




Taking a test




D




Answering a question





2



What does the underlined word









A




Improper pauses




B




Bad manners




C




Spelling mistakes




D




Silly jokes





3



We can infer that the purpose of Whaley's project is to









A




help students see their own strengths



B




assess students' public speaking skills



C




prepare students for their future jobs



D




inspire students' love for politics




4



Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher









A




Humorous




B




Ambitious




C




Caring




D




Demanding





6


页(共


36

< p>
页)





13




8


分)


As data and identity theft becomes more and more common




the market is growing for


biometric

< br>(生物测量)


technologies



like fingerprint scans



to keep others out of private e



spaces




At present




these technologies are still expensive




though








Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low



cost device


(装


置)


that gets around this problem




a smart keyboard




This smart keyboard precisely measures


the cadence


(节奏)


with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key




The


keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's


typing and the time between key presses




These patterns are unique to each person




Thus




the keyboard can determine people's identities




and by extension




whether they should be


given


access


to


the


computer


it's


connected


to



regardless


of


whether


someone


gets


the


password right








It


also


doesn't


require


a


new


type


of


technology


that


people


aren't


already


familiar


with




Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently








In a study describing the technology




the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word





Data collected from the device could be used to


recognize different participants based on how they typed




with very low error rates




The


researchers


say


that


the


keyboard


should


be


pretty


straightforward


to


commercialize


and


is


mostly made of inexpensive




plastic



like parts




The team hopes to make it to market in the


near future






1



Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard









A




To reduce pressure on keys




B




To improve accuracy in typing




C




To replace the password system




D




To cut the cost of e



space protection





2



What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible









A




Computers are much easier to operate




B




Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast




C




Typing patterns vary from person to person




D




Data security measures are guaranteed





7


页(共


36


页)






3



What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard









A



It'll be enviro nment



friendly




B



It'll reach consumers soon




C



It'll be made of plastics




D



It'll help speed up typing





4



Where is this text most likely from









A



A diary




B



A guidebook




C



A novel




D



A magazine




14

< p>



8


分)


During the rosy years of elementary school


(小学)




I enjoyed sharing my dolls and


jokes




which


allowed


me


to


keep


my


high


social


status




I


was


the


queen


of


the


playground




Then came my tweens and teens




and mean girls and cool kids




They rose in


the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes




breaking rules and playing jokes on


others




among whom I soon found myself








Popularity


is


a


well



explored


subject


in


social


psychology




Mitch


Prinstein




a


professor


of


clinical


psychology


sorts


the


popular


into


two


categories




the


likable


and


the


status


seekers




The


likables'


pla ys



well


with



others


qualities


strengthen


schoolyard


friendships




jump



start interpersonal skills and




when tapped early




are employed ever


after in life and work




Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence




status


born of power and even dishonorable behavior








Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed




Dr




Prinstein's studies show unpleasant


consequences




Those who were highest in status in high school




as well as those least liked


in elementary school




are


(从事)


in dangerous and risky behavior









In one study




Dr




Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents




scoring the least liked




the most liked and the highest in status based on student s urveys


(调


查研究)






liked teens had become more aggressive over time


toward their classmates




But so had those who were high in status




It clearly showed that


while likability can lead to healthy adjustment




high status has just the opposite effect on us









Dr




Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play



8


页(共


36


页)





date



sharing




kindness




openness




carry over to later years and make you better able to


relate and connect with others








In analyzing his and other research



Dr




Prinstein came to another conclusion




Not only


is likability related to positive life outcomes




but it is also responsible for those outcomes




too





help somebody gain an advantage









1



What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school









A




Unkind




B




Lonely




C




Generous




D




Cool





2



What is the second paragraph mainly about









A




The classification of the popular




B




The characteristics of adolescents




C




The importance of interpersonal skills




D




The causes of dishonorable behavior





3



What did Dr




Prinstein's study find about the most liked kids









A




They appeared to be aggressive




B




They tended to be more adaptable




C




They enjoyed the highest status




D




They performed well academically





4



What is the best title for the text









A




Be Nice



You Won't Finish Last



B




The Higher the Status




the Better



C




Be the Best



You Can Make It



D




More Self



Control




Less Aggressiveness



第二节(满分


10


分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选< /p>


项中有两项为多余选项.



15




10


分)




9


页(共


36


页)





Is Fresh Air Really Good for You








We


all


grew


up


hearing


people


tell


us


to



out


and


get


some


fresh


air





1









According to recent studies



the answer is a big YES



if the air quality in your camping area is


good









2









If the air you're breathing is clean



which it would be if you're away from


the smog of cities



then the air is filled with life



giving

< p>


energizing oxygen




If you exercise


out of doors



your body will learn to breathe more deeply



allowing even more oxygen to get to


your muscles


(肌肉)


and your brain








Recently



people


have


begun


studying


the


connection


between


the


natural


world


and


healing


(治愈)




3









In these places patients can go to be near nature during their


recovery




It turns out that just looking at green



growing things can reduce stress



lower blood


pressure



and put people into a better mood



情绪 )



Greenery is good for us




Hospital patients


Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who


see buildings or sky instead





4









It gives us a great feeling of peace









5








While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin




they also give is beneficial


Vitamin D




To make sure you get enough Vitamin D



but still protect your skin




put on


sunscreen right as you head outside




It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working




and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D





A




Fresh air cleans our lungs




B




So what are you waiting for




C




Being in nature refreshes us




D




Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight




E




But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said




F




Just as importantly




we tend to associate air with health care




G




All across the country




recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens




第三部分



语言知识运用(共两节)第 一节(每小题


1.5


分,满分


30


分)阅读下面短文,从


短文后各题所给的


A



B



C



D


四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项.



16



30


分)


Every year about 40



000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro




the highest mountain


in Africa




They

< p>


1









with them lots of waste




The



2









might damage



10


页(共


36


页 )





the beauty of the place




The glaciers


(冰川)


are disappearing




changing the



3








of


Kilimanjaro








Hearing


these


stories




I'm



4









about


the


place




other


destinations


are


described as








However




I


soon



5









that


much


has


changed


since


the


days


of


disturbing


reports of



6









among tons of rubbish




I find a



7









mountain




with toilets


at camps and along the paths




The environmental challenges are



8








but the efforts


made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be



9














The


best


of


a


Kilimanjaro



10










in


my


opinion




isn't


reaching


the


top




Mountains are



11< /p>








as spiritual places by many cultures




This



12


)< /p>







is


especially evident on Kilimanjaro as



13








go through five ecosystems


(生态系统)


in the space of a few kilometers




At the base is a rainforest




It ends abruptly at 3




000


meters




14








lands of low growing plants




Further up




the weather



15











low


clouds


envelope


the


mountainsides




which


are


covered


with


thick


grass




I



16








twelve


shades


of


green


from


where


I


stand




Above


4




000


meters


is


the


highland



17









gra vel


(砾石)




stones and rocks




18








you climb into an arctic



like zone with



19








snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear








Does


Kilimanjaro



20









its


reputation


as


a


crowded


mountain


with


lines


of


tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace



I found the opposite to be true





1



A




keep



< p>
2



A




stories




3



A


< p>


position




4



A




silent




5



A


.< /p>



discover


< br>(


6



A




equipment




7



A




remote




8



A

< p>



new


< p>


9



A




paying off



B




mix



B




buildings



B




age



B




skeptical



B




argue



B




grass



B




quiet



B




special



B




spreading out



C




connect



C




crowds



C




face



C




serious



C




decide



C




camps



C




all



C




significant



C




blowing up



D




bring



D




reporters



D




name



D




crazy



D




advocate



D




stones



D




clean



D




necessary



D




fading away




11


页(共


36


页)< /p>






10



A




atmosphere



11



A




studied




12



A




view




13



A




scientists




14



A< /p>




holding on to




15



A




changes



< br>16



A



match




17



A


< br>


village




18



A


< p>


Obviously




19



A




permanent




20



A




enjoy



B




experience



B




observed



B




quality



B




climbers



B




going back to



B




clears



B




imagine



B




desert



B




Easily



B




little



B




deserve



C




experiment



C




explored



C




reason



C




locals



C




living up to



C




improves



C




count



C




road



C




Consequently



C




fresh



C




save



D




sight



D




regarded



D




purpose



D




officials



D




giving way to



D




permits



D




add



D




lake



D




Finally



D




artificial



D




acquire



第二节(每小题


1.5


分,满分


15


分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入


1


个适当的单词或括号


内单词的正确形式。



17




15


分)


The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as


Newfoundland




While they are rare north of 88


°,


there is evidence



1









they range


all the way across the Arctic




and as far south as James Bay in Canada




It is difficult to figure


out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been



2









poor




studied




however




biologists calculate that there are about 20



000



25



000 polar bears


worldwide








Modern methods



3< /p>








tracking polar bear populations have been employed only


since the mid



198 0s



and are expensive

< br>(


4









perform




consistently over a large


area




In recent years some Inuit people in Nu nayut



5








report



increases in bear


sightings around human settlements




leading to a



6









believe




that populations


are increasing




Scientists have responded by



7









note




that hungry bears may


be congregating


(聚集)



around human settlements




leading to the illusion


(错觉)



that


populations are



8









high




than they actually are




Of



9








nineteen recognized


polar bear subpopulations




three are declining




six



10









be




stable




one is


increasing




and nine lack enough data





12


页(共


36


页)





第四部分



写作(共两节)第一节



短文改错(满 分


10


分)



18




10


分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作


文.文中 共有


10


处语言错误,每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个 单词的增加、删


除或修改.



增加:在 缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)


,并在其下面写出该加的词.


< /p>


删除:把多余的词用斜线(



)划掉.



修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词.



注意:


1


.每处错误及其修改均仅限一 词;



2


.只允许修改


10


处,多者(从第


11


处起 )不计分.







I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident




One afternoon where


I was in primary school




I was walking by the school playground




Suddenly football feel just


in


front


of


me


but


almost


hit


me




I


stopped


the


ball


and


kicked


it


hardly


back


to


the


playground




To everyone



s surprising




the ball went into the net




All the football player


on the playground cheered loudly




say that I had a talent for football




From now on




I


started to play my football with classmates after school




I am a good player now




第二节



书面表达(满分


25


分)



19

< p>



25


分)假定你是李 华,暑假在伦敦学习,得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展.请写一封


信申请做志愿者,内容 包括:



1


.写信目的;



2


.个人优势;



3


.能做的事情.



注意:



1


. 词数


100


左右;


< br>2


.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;



3


.结束语已为你写好.


< p>


13


页(共


36


页)






2019


年全国统一高考英语试卷( 全国


1


卷)



参考答案与试题解析



第一部分



听力(共两节)第一节(共


5


小题;每小题


1.5


分,满分


7.5


分)听下面


5


段对


话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的


A



B


C


三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段


对话后,你都有


10


秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍 。例:


How much is the shirt



A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.


答案是


C




1


.< /p>



1.5


分)


W here does this conversation take place




A



In a classroom




B



In a hospital




C



In a museum




【分析】




【解答】


B



【点评】




2




1.5


分)


What does Jack want to do




A



Take fitness classes




B



Buy a pair of gym shoes




C



Change his work schedule




【分析】




【解答】


A



【点评】




3




1.5


分)


What are the speakers talking about




A



What to drink




B



Where to meet




C



When to leave




【分析】




【解答】


B



【点评】




4




1.5


分)


What is the relationship between the speakers





14


页(共


36


页)





A

< p>


Colleagues




B



Classmates




C


< p>
Strangers




【分析】




【解答】


C



【点评】




5




1.5


分)


Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation




A



She might want a ticket




B



She is looking for the man




C



She has an extra ticket




【分析】




【解答】


A



【点评】




第二节(每小题


1.5


分,满分


22. 5


分)听下面


5


段对话或独白.每段对 话或独白后有几个


小题,从题中所给的


A



B



C


三 个选项中选出最佳选项.听每段对话或独白前,你将有时


间阅读各个小题,每小题


5


秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出


5

< p>
秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或


独白读两遍.



6




3


分)听材料,回答下列问题.




1



How long did James run his business




A



10 years




B



13 years




C



15 years





2



How does the woman feel about James' situation




A

< p>


Embarrassed



B



Concerned




C


< p>
Disappointed




【分析】




【解答】


C



B



【点评】




7




4.5


分)听材料,回答下列问题.




15


页(共


36


页)






1



What has Kate's mother decided to do




A



Return to school




B



Change her job




C



Retire from work





2



What did Kate's mother study at college




A



Oil painting




B



Art history




C



Business administration





3



What is Kate's attitude toward her mother's decision




A



Disapproving



B



Ambiguous




C


< p>
Understanding




【分析】




【解答】


A C



C



【点评】




8




4.5


分)听材料,回答下列问题.




1< /p>



What is the man doing




A



Chairing a meeting




B



Hosting a radio program




C



Conducting a job interview




(< /p>


2



What benefits Mary most in her job




A



Her wide reading




B



Her leaders' guidance




C



Her friends' help





3



Who will Mary talk about next




A



Her teacher




B



Her father




C



Her mother




【分析】




【解答】


B



A



C


< /p>



16


页(共


3 6


页)





【点评】




9




6


分) 听材料,回答下列问题.




1



Why does the man seldom do exercise




A



He lacks motivation




B



He has a heart problem




C



He works all the time





2



What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do




A



He's an athlete




B



He's a researcher




C



He's a journalist





3



Why does the woman speak of a study




A



To encourage the man




B



To recommend an exercise




C



To support her findings





4



How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly




A



300 minutes




B



150 minutes




C



75 minutes




【分析】




【解答】


A



B A



C



【点评】




10




4.5


分)听材料,回答下列问题.




1



What did the scientists do to the road




A



They repaired it




B



They painted it




C



They blocked it





2



Why are young birds drawn to the road surface




A



It's warm




B



It's brown




C



It's smooth




< br>17


页(共


36


页)

< p>





3



What is the purpose of the scientists' experiment




A



To keep the birds there for a whole year




B



To help students study the birds well




C



To prevent the birds from being killed




【分析】




【解答】


B A C



【点评】




第二部分



阅读理解(共两节)第一节 (满分


30


分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的

< br>A



B



C



D


四个选项中,选出最佳选项。



11



(< /p>


6


分)



Need a Job This Summer








The


provincial


government


and


its


partners


offer


many


programs


to


help


students


find


summer jobs




The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program








Not a student




Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools


available to help people under 30 build skills




find a job or start businesses all year round




Jobs for Youth







If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province




you could be eligible


(符合


条件)


for this program




Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training








Who is eligible




Youth 15



18 years old in select communities


(社区)




Summer Company







Summer Company provides students with hands



on business training and awards of up


to $$3



000 to start and run their own summer businesses








Who is eligible




Students aged 15



29




returning to school in the fall




Stewardship Youth Ranger Program







You


could


apply


to


be a


Stewardship Youth


Ranger


and


work


on


local


natural


resource


management projects for eight weeks this summer








Who


is


eligible




Students


aged


16


or


17


at


time


of


hire




but


not


turning


18


before


December 31 this year




Summer Employment Opportunities


(机会)







Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program




students are hired each year



18


页(共


36

< br>页)



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