四级语法知识点总结(上)

I saw him

work

in the garden yesterday

、

昨天我瞧见她在花园里干活了。

(< /p>

强调

我瞧见了

< /p>

这个事实

)

I saw him

working

in the garden yesterday

、

昨天我见她正在花园里干活。

(

强调

我见她正干 活

这个动作

)

?

感官动词后面接形容词而不就是副词

:The cake tastes

good

; It

feels

fortable

、

使役动词

have bid make let

等词后不定式要省略但同

1)

一样被动以

后要还原

to

I ‘d like to have John do it、

I have my package weighed

、

Paul doesn’t have to be made to learn、

help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do

四

)

有些动词后只跟不定式如

:

want,wish, hope,manage,promise,refuse,pretend,plan,

offer,decide,agree,expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit

sb to do, enable sb to do

force sb to do

、

be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be

able to do

be ambitious to do

、

begin to do

、

start to do

五

)

有得时候

to

后面要接

ing

形式

accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in

addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign

oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be

alternative to; be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to;

be opposition/opposed to; be similarity/similar to

、

2

、

动名词

:

具有动作性特征得名词

1)

就是名词

seeing is believing

2)

具有动词性特征可以带宾语

starving troops is necessary

、

一

动名词得形式

:

一般形式

:I don't like you smoking

、

完成形式

:I regret not having taken your advice

、

被动形式

:This question is far from being settled

、

二

)

动名词常考得点

1)

动名词做主语谓语动词为单数

< /p>

2)

在动名词与不定式中

,

做为介词得宾语就是动名词

3)

< br>动名词得否定直接在其前加否定词

,

通过代词得宾格或所 有格形式给出

逻辑主语、

I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon.

to call call calling 're calling(Key:C

your calling

也对

)

I regret not having taken your advice

、

4)

有些词后只能接动名词

admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate;

defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it

entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive;

can't help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention;

mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent;

recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand

、、、

另外还 有一些接

ing

形式得常用说法

:

it's no good; it's no/little/hardly any/ use; it's

not/hardly/scarcely use; it's worthwhile; spend money/time; there's

no; there's no point in; there's nothing worse than; what's the

use/point

、、、

5)

有些词后加不定式与动名词均可

remember, forget, try, stop, go on, cease, mean

后面用不定式与

ing

形

式

,

意义截然不容。

I

remembered to post

the letters

、

(

指未来

/

过去未来得动作

I

remembered posting/having posting

the letters (

我记得这个动作

)

forgot< /p>

与

remember

得用法类似。

I

regret to inform

you that… 我很遗憾地通知您…

I

regretted having left

the firm after twenty years

、

为了

二十

年前得离开

而遗

憾。

try to

努力

You really must

try to

overe your shyness

、

try

–

ing

试验

Try practicing

five hours a day

、