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托福考试语法模拟试题及答案详解

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2021-01-30 10:49
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2021年1月30日发(作者:配置英文)


托福考试语法模拟试题及答案详解



语法在托福 考试中占重要的位置,


整理了托福语法考试模拟题,


下面


就和大家分享,来欣赏一下吧。







托福考试语法模拟试题及答案详解







1. Most doctors of the Colonial period believed _______ was caused


by an


imbalance of humors in the body.






A. in disease






B. that disease






C. of disease






D. about disease






答案:


B


分析:动词


believe


的用法: 直接加


that


引导的宾语从


句。这里


that


为连接


adv.


,在句中不作任何成分,其后接完整句。







参考译 文:


大多数殖民时期的医生认为疾病来源人体内不平衡的


体液。







2.


In


1976


Sarah


Caldwell


became


_________


at


the


Metropolitan


Opera House


in


New


York


City.


A.


she


was


the


first


woman


to


conduct


B.


the


first


woman


conductor


C.


the


woman


was


first


conducting


D.


the


woman


conducts


first






答案:


B


分析:缺宾语,答案中只有


B



D


可以作宾语,但


D


的语序不对。







参考译文:


1976



Sarah Caldwell

< br>成为在第一个在纽约


Metropolitan


Opera House


演出的演奏家







补充:



常考



the first/second/… one to do sth







3. On January 7




1955




Marian Anderson became _________ to


sing a major


role at New York Citys Metropolitan Opera House.






A. the first African American






B. the first African American was






C. she was the first African American






D. when the first African American






答案:


A


分析:缺宾语,


C


< br>


D


都不能作宾语。一句话中只能


有一个谓语,而


B


中有


was


,句中出现两个谓语,一定错。







参考译 文:


1955



1


7


号,


Marian


Anderson


成为在第一个在


纽约


Metropolitan Opera


House


担任主唱的美籍黑人。







4.


Perhaps


the


most


significant


postwar


trend


was


the


decentralization of


cities


throughout


the


United


States




_________


when


massive


highway-building


programs permitted greater suburban growth.






A. and accelerated a phenomenon






B. a phenomenon that accelerated






C. accelerating a phenomenon which








D. the acceleration of which phenomenon






答案:


B


分析:考的是同位语结构,


a


phenomenon




the


decentralization of cities throughout


the United States






的同位语。


A



a nd



conj.


< br>后面应该连接一个完整的句子,



缺主语,错

< p>
;C


中语序混乱,错


; D



of


which













一< /p>









< p>



phenomenon


主语,句子不完整,错。







参考译文:


可能战后最重大的趋势就是美国城市的分散化,


当大


规模高速 公路建设项目容许了更大程度的发展郊区,


这个现象更被促


进了 。







补充:



accelerate/ accomplish/ achieve/ evolve


都可以是


vi.


不接宾








5.


Ronald


Reagan


had


served


two


terms


as


governor


of


California


before


_________ President. A. he became B. when becoming C. became D. did


he


become






答案:


A


分析:


before


为状语从句引导词


conj



后面一般引导一个完整的句 子。


B


同时出现两个状语从句引导词,错


;C


缺主语


;D


应该为正常语序,< /p>


选项中使用了倒装句式,错。







参考译文:里根在成为美国总统之前连续两届担任加州的州长。







6.


_________




domesticated


grapes


grow


in


clusters




range


in


color from


pale green to black




and contain sugar in varying quantities.






A. Their botanical classification as berries






B. Although their botanical classification as berries






C. Because berries being their botanical classification






D. Classified botanically as berries






答案:


D


分析:


句子的主语是


grapes




后面是平行结构

< br>grow…




range…




and


contain…


。空格后的 句子已完整,那么空格处就应该是同位语,状语


从句,分词等修饰成分。


A



Their


指代不明,而 且


classification



b erries


也不相符,



;B



Although



conj.



后面应该是完整句,



;C



Because



conj.


,后面应该是完整句,错。



参考译文:


培植的葡萄的植物分类跟浆果是一样的 ,


它们成串的长在


树上,颜色从灰白色到黑色,并且包含由不同 数量的糖份。







7.


The


cymbal


is


________


in


the


military


band


and


is


also


frequently used


in modern orchestral music.






A. a basic instrument






B. basic instrument






C. how basic an instrument it is






D. as an instrument is basic






答案:


A


分析:

instrument


可数,前面应该有限定词


< p>
前为


一简单句。







参考译 文:


铙钹在军乐队里是一个基本的乐器,


而且还经常在现


代管弦乐里使用。







8.


In


instrumentalist


philosophy




ideas


and


knowledge


are


exclusively


functional


processes




they


are


of


significance


only


_________


instrumental in


the development of experience.






A. as they are






B. are they






C. there are






D. are






答案:


A


分析:两个谓语需要有一个


conj.


来连接。一个句子中


出现< /p>


2


个谓语且没有连接词就一定错。







参考译文:


在乐器演奏家的哲学里面,


思想 和知识是专有排外性


的功能性的过程。


他们的重要意义仅限于在 经验发展的过程中,


用于


乐器演奏。







9. _________ either by cooling or by depriving the fire of oxygen




and most


do both.






A. Working fire extinguishers B. Fire extinguishers that work C. Fire


extinguishers work D. The work of fire extinguishers






答案:


C


分析:空格中缺主谓。


A


中没有谓语< /p>


;B



that


多余,


因为句中只有一个谓语


;D


也没 有谓语。



参考译文:


灭火器的通过冷 却或者减少火中的氧气的方法工作的,



多数时候两个方法都会 用到。







10.


The


introduction


of


mass-production


methods


enabled


many


people


_________ and gave them an unprecedented amount of mobility.






A. to purchase their own automobiles






B. their own to purchase automobiles






C. to their own purchase automobiles






D. own their automobiles to purchase






答案:


A


分析:为固定结构


enable sb to do sth.






参考译文:规模生产方法的产生,使得人们能够买自己的车,并


获得 了空前的灵活性。







托福考试语法模拟试题及答案详解







1.


Frances


Perkins




_________


of


the


United


States


cabinet




served in the


cabinet as secretary of labor from 1933 to 1945.






A. the first female member






B. was the first female member






C. the first female member who






D. of whom the first female member






答案:


A


分析:主语同位语结构。


B


中多了一个 谓语


was


,因为


后面已经有一个谓语 动词


served




一个句子中出现


2


个谓语且没有


连接词就一定错


;


C


< p>
who


多余,用法也不正确


;D

< br>中


of


whom


多余,不是定 语从句,


考的是同位语结构。







参考译文:


Frances


Perk ins


,是美国内阁的第一为女性成员,她


< br>1933



1945


年在内阁担 任劳工部秘书。







2.


When


_________


to


dough


and


heated




carbon


dioxide


is


released




causing


the dough to rise.






A. is added baking powder B. added baking powder is C. is baking


powder


added D. baking powder is added






答案:


D


分析:

When


为状语从句引导词


;


语序 应该为正常语序,


A



C



;B


语序混乱,明显应该用被动形式,而且有固定 结构


add to.






参考译文:


当把烘烤用粉加到面团里加热的时候,


会释放出二氧


化碳,使 得面团涨开。







3. _________ the percentage of individuals with similar traits in


succeeding generations




geneticists use the theory of probability.






A. The calculation of






B. To calculate






C. Is calculating






D. Calculated






答案:


B


分析:


to


calculate



这里用不定式表示


目的




前半句的逻辑主语是


geneticists



只有

< p>
B


符合要求


;A


中只有主 语,句子不完整。







参考译文:


遗传学家运用概率的理论来计算在后代中拥有相似特


点个体占有的百分比。

< p>






补充:



如 同


A


的形式,



逗号前面就是一个名词短语,



然而正


确的句子里,



名词短语要么作为主语的同位语,



要么本身是主语,




11


题。



否则就是脱离句子成分,



成为错误。







4. Big-band uaaz relies on fixed arrangements




where_______than


one


instrument playing some of the parts




rather than on improvisation.






A. is more






B. whenever more






C. there is more






D. more






答案:


C


分析:

where


引导状语从句,后面缺主谓。







参考译文:


大型乐队爵士依赖于固定的安排,


其中演奏相同部分


音乐的乐器超过一个,而不是现声发挥。







5.


Because


of


_________


diversity




seven


separate


groupings


or


divisions of


algae have been established by botanists.






A. them






B. so that






C. those






D. their






答案:


D


分析:


those


是泛指,这里应该用


their


来特指


seven


separate groupings or divisions of


algae.


参考译文:因为海藻们的不同特性,植物学家把 他们分成


7



不同的组别或分支。







6. Chromosomes are regarded today as the major carriers of genetic


material




_________ of DNA and various types of protein.






A. consisting






B. as to consist






C. consist






D. which consisting






答案:


A


分析:


分词作状语。


如果用

< p>
consist


的话,


应该用个

< br>conj.


后面加个完整的句子。







参考译文:


染色体现今被认为是主要的遗传物质携带者,

< p>
这些遗

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