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托福考试语法模拟试题及答案详解
语法在托福
考试中占重要的位置,
整理了托福语法考试模拟题,
下面
就和大家分享,来欣赏一下吧。
托福考试语法模拟试题及答案详解
1.
Most doctors of the Colonial period believed
_______ was caused
by an
imbalance of humors in the body.
A. in disease
B. that disease
C. of disease
D. about
disease
答案:
B
分析:动词
believe
的用法:
直接加
that
引导的宾语从
句。这里
that
为连接
adv.
,在句中不作任何成分,其后接完整句。
参考译
文:
大多数殖民时期的医生认为疾病来源人体内不平衡的
体液。
2.
In
1976
Sarah
Caldwell
became
_________
at
the
Metropolitan
Opera House
in
New
York
City.
A.
she
was
the
first
woman
to
conduct
B.
the
first
woman
conductor
C.
the
woman
was
first
conducting
D.
the
woman
conducts
first
答案:
B
分析:缺宾语,答案中只有
B
,
D
可以作宾语,但
D
的语序不对。
参考译文:
1976
,
Sarah Caldwell
< br>成为在第一个在纽约
Metropolitan
Opera House
演出的演奏家
补充:
常考
the first/second/… one to do
sth
3. On January
7
,
1955
,
Marian Anderson became _________ to
sing a major
role at New
York Citys Metropolitan Opera House.
A.
the first African American
B. the first
African American was
C. she was the
first African American
D. when the
first African American
答案:
A
分析:缺宾语,
C
,
< br>
D
都不能作宾语。一句话中只能
有一个谓语,而
B
中有
was
,句中出现两个谓语,一定错。
参考译
文:
1955
年
1
月
7
号,
Marian
Anderson
成为在第一个在
纽约
Metropolitan Opera
House
担任主唱的美籍黑人。
4.
Perhaps
the
most
significant
postwar
trend
was
the
decentralization of
cities
throughout
the
United
States
,
_________
when
massive
highway-building
programs permitted greater suburban
growth.
A. and accelerated a
phenomenon
B. a phenomenon that
accelerated
C. accelerating a
phenomenon which
,
D. the acceleration of which phenomenon
答案:
B
分析:考的是同位语结构,
a
phenomenon
是
the
decentralization of
cities throughout
the United States
p>
的同位语。
A
中
a
nd
为
conj.
,
< br>后面应该连接一个完整的句子,
但
缺主语,错
;C
中语序混乱,错
;
D
中
of
which
作
为
介
词
宾
语
,
后
面
应
该
接
一<
/p>
个
完
整
句
,
但
只
有
一
个
phenomenon
主语,句子不完整,错。
参考译文:
可能战后最重大的趋势就是美国城市的分散化,
当大
规模高速
公路建设项目容许了更大程度的发展郊区,
这个现象更被促
进了
。
补充:
accelerate/ accomplish/ achieve/ evolve
都可以是
vi.
不接宾
语
5.
Ronald
Reagan
had
served
two
terms
as
governor
of
California
before
_________ President. A. he became B.
when becoming C. became D. did
he
become
答案:
A
分析:
before
为状语从句引导词
conj
,
后面一般引导一个完整的句
子。
B
同时出现两个状语从句引导词,错
;C
缺主语
;D
应该为正常语序,<
/p>
选项中使用了倒装句式,错。
参考译文:里根在成为美国总统之前连续两届担任加州的州长。
6.
_________
,
domesticated
grapes
grow
in
clusters
,
range
in
color
from
pale green to
black
,
and
contain sugar in varying quantities.
A.
Their botanical classification as berries
B. Although their botanical
classification as berries
C. Because
berries being their botanical classification
D. Classified botanically as berries
答案:
D
分析:
句子的主语是
grapes
,
后面是平行结构
< br>grow…
,
range…
,
and
contain…
。空格后的
句子已完整,那么空格处就应该是同位语,状语
从句,分词等修饰成分。
A
中
Their
指代不明,而
且
classification
和
b
erries
也不相符,
错
;B
中
Although
为
conj.
,
后面应该是完整句,
错
;C
中
Because
为
conj.
,后面应该是完整句,错。
参考译文:
培植的葡萄的植物分类跟浆果是一样的
,
它们成串的长在
树上,颜色从灰白色到黑色,并且包含由不同
数量的糖份。
7.
The
cymbal
is
________
in
the
military
band
and
is
also
frequently used
in modern
orchestral music.
A. a basic
instrument
B. basic instrument
C. how basic an instrument it is
D. as an instrument is basic
答案:
A
分析:
instrument
可数,前面应该有限定词
前为
一简单句。
参考译
文:
铙钹在军乐队里是一个基本的乐器,
而且还经常在现
代管弦乐里使用。
8.
In
instrumentalist
philosophy
,
ideas
and
knowledge
are
exclusively
functional
processes
:
they
are
of
significance
only
_________
instrumental in
the development of experience.
A. as they are
B. are they
C. there are
D. are
答案:
A
分析:两个谓语需要有一个
conj.
来连接。一个句子中
出现<
/p>
2
个谓语且没有连接词就一定错。
p>
参考译文:
在乐器演奏家的哲学里面,
思想
和知识是专有排外性
的功能性的过程。
他们的重要意义仅限于在
经验发展的过程中,
用于
乐器演奏。
9. _________ either by cooling or by
depriving the fire of
oxygen
,
and most
do both.
A. Working fire
extinguishers B. Fire extinguishers that work C.
Fire
extinguishers work D. The work of
fire extinguishers
答案:
C
分析:空格中缺主谓。
A
中没有谓语<
/p>
;B
中
that
多余,
因为句中只有一个谓语
;D
也没
有谓语。
参考译文:
灭火器的通过冷
却或者减少火中的氧气的方法工作的,
大
多数时候两个方法都会
用到。
10.
The
introduction
of
mass-production
methods
enabled
many
people
_________ and gave
them an unprecedented amount of mobility.
A. to purchase their own automobiles
B. their own to purchase automobiles
C. to their own purchase automobiles
D. own their automobiles to purchase
答案:
A
分析:为固定结构
enable sb to do sth.
p>
参考译文:规模生产方法的产生,使得人们能够买自己的车,并
获得
了空前的灵活性。
托福考试语法模拟试题及答案详解
1.
Frances
Perkins
,
_________
of
the
United
States
cabinet
,
served in the
cabinet as
secretary of labor from 1933 to 1945.
A.
the first female member
B. was the
first female member
C. the first
female member who
D. of whom the
first female member
答案:
A
分析:主语同位语结构。
B
中多了一个
谓语
was
,因为
后面已经有一个谓语
动词
served
,
一个句子中出现
2
个谓语且没有
连接词就一定错
;
C
中
who
多余,用法也不正确
;D
< br>中
of
whom
多余,不是定
语从句,
考的是同位语结构。
参考译文:
Frances
Perk
ins
,是美国内阁的第一为女性成员,她
从
< br>1933
到
1945
年在内阁担
任劳工部秘书。
2.
When
_________
to
dough
and
heated
,
carbon
dioxide
is
released
,
causing
the dough to rise.
A. is added baking powder B. added
baking powder is C. is baking
powder
added D. baking powder is added
答案:
D
分析:
When
为状语从句引导词
;
语序
应该为正常语序,
A
,
C
错
;B
语序混乱,明显应该用被动形式,而且有固定
结构
add to.
参考译文:
当把烘烤用粉加到面团里加热的时候,
会释放出二氧
化碳,使
得面团涨开。
3. _________
the percentage of individuals with similar traits
in
succeeding
generations
,
geneticists use the theory of
probability.
A. The calculation of
B. To calculate
C. Is
calculating
D. Calculated
答案:
B
分析:
to
calculate
p>
,
这里用不定式表示
“
目的
”
,
前半句的逻辑主语是
p>
geneticists
,
只有
B
符合要求
;A
中只有主
语,句子不完整。
参考译文:
遗传学家运用概率的理论来计算在后代中拥有相似特
点个体占有的百分比。
补充:
如
同
A
的形式,
逗号前面就是一个名词短语,
然而正
确的句子里,
名词短语要么作为主语的同位语,
要么本身是主语,
如
11
题。
否则就是脱离句子成分,
成为错误。
4.
Big-band uaaz relies on fixed
arrangements
,
where_______than
one
instrument playing some of the
parts
,
rather
than on improvisation.
A. is more
B. whenever more
C.
there is more
D. more
答案:
C
分析:
where
引导状语从句,后面缺主谓。
p>
参考译文:
大型乐队爵士依赖于固定的安排,
其中演奏相同部分
音乐的乐器超过一个,而不是现声发挥。
5.
Because
of
_________
diversity
,
seven
separate
groupings
or
divisions of
algae have been
established by botanists.
A. them
B. so that
C. those
D. their
答案:
D
分析:
those
是泛指,这里应该用
their
来特指
seven
separate groupings or divisions of
algae.
参考译文:因为海藻们的不同特性,植物学家把
他们分成
7
个
不同的组别或分支。
p>
6. Chromosomes are regarded
today as the major carriers of genetic
material
,
_________ of DNA and various types of
protein.
A. consisting
B.
as to consist
C. consist
D.
which consisting
答案:
A
分析:
分词作状语。
如果用
consist
的话,
应该用个
< br>conj.
后面加个完整的句子。
p>
参考译文:
染色体现今被认为是主要的遗传物质携带者,
这些遗