暖通专业常用术语中英文对照

暖通专业常用术语中英文对照

1

采暖术语

1.1

一般术语

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

采暖

集中采暖

全面采暖

局部采暖

连续采暖

间歇采暖

值班采暖

热水采暖

高温热水采暖

heating; space heating

central heating; concentrated heating

general heating

local heating

continuous heating

intermittent heating

standby heating

hot water heating

hight temperature water heating; high- pressure hot water

heating

steam heating

high-pressure steam heating

low-pressure steam heating

vacuum heating

convection heating

radiator heating

warm-air heating; hot air heating

localized air supply for air-heating

panel heating; radiant heating

ceiling panel heating

floor panel heating

wall panel heating

metal radiant panel heating

gas-fired infrared heating

electric radiant heating; electric panel heating

stove heating

solar heating

heat source

heating medium

saturated steam

superheated steam; overheat steam

flash steam

steam water mixture

heating medium parameter

supply water temperature

return water temperature

temperature difference between supply and return water

pressure of steam supply

back pressure of steam trap

10

蒸汽采暖

11

高压蒸汽采暖

12

低压蒸汽采暖

13

真空采暖

14

对流采暖

15

散热器采暖

16

热风采暖

17

集中送风采暖

18

辐射采暖

19

顶棚辐射采暖

20

地板辐射采暖

21

墙壁辐射采暖

22

金属辐射采暖

23

煤气红外线辐射采暖

24

电热辐射采暖

25

火炉采暖

26

太阳能采暖

27

热源

28

热媒

29

饱和蒸汽

30

过热蒸汽

31

二次蒸汽

32

汽水混合物

33

热媒参数

34

供水温度

35

回水温度

36

供回水温度

37

供汽压力

38

凝结水背压力

39

锅炉房

40

供热

41

区域供热

42

热网

43

热力入口

44

开式回水

45

闭式回水

46

余压回水

47

闭式满管回水

1.2

围护结构与热负荷

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

围护结构

空气间层

传热

稳态传热

非稳态传热

热流量

导热系数

导温系数

热阻

boiler room; boiler house; boiler plant

heat supply; heating

district heating; district heat supply

heat supply network; heat distributing network

building heating entry

open return

closed return

back pressure return

dosed full flow return

building envelope

air space; airspace

heating transfer; heat transmission

steady- state heat transfer

unsteady-state heat transfer

heat flow rate

Thermal conductivity(coefficient);heat conduction

coefficient; heat conductivity

thermal diffusivity

thermal resistance; heat resistance

surface[film]thermal conductance; surface coefficient of

heat transfer

surface[film] resistance of heat thermal transfer

coefficient of heat transfer; overall heat transmission

coefficient

resistance of heat transfer

maximum coefficient of heat transfer

minimum resistance of heat transfer

economic resistance of heat transfer

coefficient of accumulation of heat; coefficient of thermal

storage

index of thermal inertia(value D)

thermal stability; heat endurance

damping factor

heat(thermal)lag; detention period

coefficient of vapor permeability; coefficient of vapo(u)r

permeation

resistance to water vapor permeability; resistance to water

vapor permeation

heat loss

basic heat loss

additional heat loss

temperature difference correction factor of envelope

10

表面换热系数

11

表面换热阻

12

传热系数

13

传热阻

14

最大传热系数

15

最小传热

16

经济传热阻

17

蓄热系数

18

热惰性指标（

D

值）

19

热稳定性

20

衰减倍数

21

延迟时间

22

蒸汽渗透系数

23

蒸汽渗透阻

24

耗热量

25

基本耗热量

26

附加耗热量

27

围护结构温差修正系数

28

温度梯度

29

朝向修正率

30

风力附加率

31

外门附加率

32

高度附加率

33

间歇附加率

34

冷风渗透耗热量

35

通风耗热量

36

热负荷

1.3

采暖系统

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

采暖系统

热水采暖系统

蒸汽采暖系统

真空采暖系统

蒸汽喷射热水采暖系统

散热器采暖系统

热风采暖系统

同程式系统

异程式系统

temperature gradient

correction factor for orientation

additional factor for wind force

additional factor for exterior door

additional factor for room height

additional factor for intermittent heating

heat loss by infiltration; infiltration heat loss

ventilation heat loss

heating load

heating system

hot water heating system

steam heating system

vacuum heating system; vacuum return-line heating system

steam-jet hot water heating system

radiator heating system

warm-air heating system; hot air heating system

reversed return system

direct return system

one(single)-pipe heating system

vertical one(single)-pipe heating system

one(single)-pipe loop circuit heating system

one(single)-pipe series- loop heating system

one(single)-pipe circuit(cross-over) heating system

two- pipe heating system

one-and-two pipe combined heating system

downfeed system

upfeed system

midfeed system

heating pipe line

hot water pipe

steam pipe

condensate pipe

dry return pipe

wet return pipe

main pipe; main; trunk pipe

main pipe; main ; trunk pipe

riser

branch pipe; branch

feeding branch of radiator

return branch of radiator

10

单管采暖系统

11

垂直单管采暖系统

12

水平单管采暖系统

13

单管顺序式采暖系统

14

单管跨越式采暖系统

15

双管采暖系统

16

单双管混合式采暖系统

17

上分式系统

18

下分式系统

19

中分式系统

1.4

管道及配件

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

采暖管道

热水管

蒸汽管

凝结水管

干式凝结水管

湿式凝结水管

总管

干管

立管

10

支管

11

散热器供热支管

12

散热器回水支管

13

排气管

14

泄水管

15

旁通管

16

膨胀管

17

循环管

18

排污管

19

溢流管

20

管道配件

21

管接头

22

活接头

23

异径管接头

24

弯头

25

三通

26

四通

27

丝堵

28

补心

29

长丝

30

丝对

31

固定支架

32

活动支架

1.5

水力计算

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

水力计算

环路

最不利环路

共同段

非共同段

管段

管段长度

当量长度

折算长度

vent; vent pipe

drain pipe

by-pass pipe

expansion pipe

circulating pipe

drainage pipe; blow off pipe; blowdown

overflow pipe

pipe fittings

coupling

union

reducing coupling

elbow

tee

cross

screwed plug; plug

bushing

close nipple; shoulder nipple

screw nipple

fixed support

movable support

hydraulic calculation

circuit; loop

index circuit

common section

non-common section

pipe section

length of pipe section

equivalent length

effective length

friction loss; frictional resistance

specific frictional resistance

friction factor

absolute roughness

local resistance

coefficient of local resistance

equivalent coefficient of local resistance

effective coefficient of local resistance

hydraulic resistance balance

pressure drop

hydraulic disorder

10

摩擦阻力

11

比摩阻

12

摩擦系数

13

绝对粗糙度

14

相对粗糙度

15

局部阻力

16

局部阻力系数

17

当量局部阻力系数

18

折算局部阻力系数

19

阻力平衡

20

压力损失

21

水力失调

22

极限流速

23

经济流速

24

系统阻力

25

作用半径

26

资用压力

27

工作压力

28

静压

29

动压

30

全压

1.6

采暖设备及附件

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

采暖设备

锅炉

热水锅炉

蒸汽锅炉

换热器

水－水式换热器

汽－水式换热器

表面式换热器

汽－水混合式换热器

limiting velocity

economic velocity

system resistance

operating range

available pressure

working pressure; operating pressure

static pressure

velocity pressure

total pressure

heating equipment; heating appliance

boiler

hot water boiler

steam boiler

heat exchanger

water-water type heat exchanger

steam-water type heat exchanger

surface-type heat exchanger; indirect heat exchanger

steam-water mixed heat exchanger; direct-contact heat

exchanger

steam ejector

expansion tank

condensate tank

open tank

closed tank

make-up water pump

circulating pump

booster

condensate pump

hand pump

vacuum pump

radiator; heat emitter

convector

cast iron radiator

steel radiator

pipecoil; pipe radiator

unit heater

unit heater with axial fan

unit heater with centrifugal fan

air heater

air curtain

warm air curtain

10

蒸汽喷射器

11

膨胀水箱

12

凝结水箱

13

开式水箱

14

闭式水箱

15

补给水泵

16

循环泵

17

加压泵

18

凝结水泵

19

手摇泵

20

真空泵

21

散热器

22

对流散热器

23

铸铁散热器

24

钢制散热器

25

光面管散热器

26

暖风机

27

轴流式暖风机

28

离心式暖风机

29

空气加热器

30

空气幕

31

热风幕

32

燃油热风器

33

燃气热风器

34

金属辐射板

35

块状辐射板

36

带状辐射板

37

红外线辐射器

38

混水器

39

除污器

40

分汽缸

41

分水器

42

集水器

43

集气罐

44

补偿器

45

减压阀

46

安全阀

47

止回阀

48

截止阀

49

闸阀

50

角阀

51

浮球阀

52

放气阀

53

自动放气阀

54

散热器调节阀

55

疏水器

56

浮桶式疏水器

57

倒吊桶式疏水器

58

浮球式疏水器

59

热动力式疏水器

60

恒温式疏水器

2

通风术语

2.1

一般术语

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

通风

工业通风

自然通风

机械通风

联合通风

全面通风

全面排风

有组织进风

有组织排风

oil-fired unit heater

gas-fired unit heater

metal radiant panel

unit radiant panel

strip radiant panel

infrared radiant heater

water-water jet

strainer

steam manifold; steam header

header

header

air collector

compensator

reducing valve; pressure reducing valve

safety valve; pressure relief valve

check valve; nonreturn valve

stop valve

gate valve

angle valve

float valve

vent; air vent

automatic vent

radiator valve

steam trap

upright bucket type steam trap

inverted bucket type steam trap

float type steam trap

thermodynamic type steam trap

expansion steam trap; thermostatic steam trap

ventilation

industrial ventilation

natural ventilation

mechanical ventilation; forced ventilation

natural and mechanical combined ventilation

general ventilation; entirely ventilation; general air change

general exhaust ventilation(GEV)

organized air supply

organized exhaust

unorganized air supply

unorganized exhaust

10

无组织进风

11

无组织排风

12

局部通风

13

局部送风

14

局部排风

15

槽边通风

16

事故通风

17

诱导通风

18

单向流通风

19

通风量

20

换气次数

21

进风量

22

排风量

23

风量平衡

24

热平衡

25

余热

26

余湿

27

有害物质

28

蒸汽

29

有害物质浓度

30

质量浓度

31

体积浓度

32

计数浓度

33

最高容许浓度

34

防火

35

防爆

36

防烟

37

排烟

2.2

自然通风与隔热降温

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

有组织自然通风

无组织自然通风

穿堂风

自然排风系统

热压

风压

余压

建筑气流区

稳定气流区

local ventilation

local relief

local exhaust ventilation(LEV)

rim ventilation; slot exhaust on edges of tanks

emergency ventilation

inductive ventilation

unidirectional flow ventilation

ventilation rate

air changes; ventilating rate

supply air rate

exhaust air rate

air balance

heat balance

excess heat; excessive heat

moisture excess

harmful substance

vapo(u)r

concentration of harmful substance

mass concentration

volumetric concentration

number concentration; particle number concentration

maximum allowable concentration(MAC)

fire protection; fire prevention

explosion proofing

smoke control

smoke extraction

organized natural ventilation; controlled natural ventilation

unorganized natural ventilation; uncontrolled natural

ventilation

through flow; through-draught; cross-ventilation

natural exhaust system

thermal pressure; thermal buoyancy; stack effect pressure

wind pressure

excess pressure

building flow zones

contour zone

zone of positive pressure

recirculation cavity; zone of recirculating flow; zone of

aerodynamic shadow

zone of wake

zone of negative pressure

source of heat release

10

正压区

11

空气动力阴影区

12

尾流区

13

负压区

14

散热源

15

散热量

16

散热强度

17

散热量有效系数

18

排风温度

19

中和界

20

避风天窗

21

挡风板

22

倒灌

23

热车间

24

隔热

25

隔热屏

26

水幕

27

隔热水箱

28

通风屋顶

29

降温

30

降温系统

31

地道风

2.3

机械通风

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

机械通风系统

机械送风系统

机械排风系统

局部送风系统

局部排风系统

事故通风系统

通风设备

送风机

排风机

heat release

specific heat load

coefficient of effective heat emission

temperature of outgoing air

neutral level; neutral zone; neutral pressure level

protected[roof]monitor; wind-proofed monitor

wind shield; baffle plate

wind blow in; down draft

hot workshop; hot shop

heat(thermal)insulation

heat screen; heat shield

water screen; water curtain

water tank for heat(thermal)insulation; water-cooled

absorptive shielding

ventilated roof

cooling

cooling system

air through tunnel

mechanical ventilating system

mechanical air supply system

mechanical exhaust system

local air supply system; local relief system

local exhaust system

emergency ventilate on system

ventilation equipment; ventilation facilities

supply fan

exhaust fan

fan room; fan house

supply fan room

exhaust fan room

air intake

louver; shutter

heat insulating window

by-pass damper

exhaust hood; hood

capturing hood

receiving hood

exhausted enclosure; enclosed hood

partial enclosure

integral enclosure

large space enclosure; closed booth

10

通风机室

11

送风机室

12

排风机室

13

进风口

14

百叶窗

15

保温窗

16

[

空气加热器

< br>]

旁通阀

17

局部排风罩

18

外部吸气罩

19

接受式排风罩

20

密闭罩

21

局部密闭罩

22

整体密闭罩

23

大容器密闭罩

24

排风柜

25

伞形罩

26

侧吸罩

27

槽边排风罩

28

吹吸式排风罩

29

罩口风速

30

控制风速

2.4

除尘

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

粉尘

纤维性粉尘

亲水性粉尘

疏水性粉尘

游离二氧化硅

气溶胶

大气尘

烟

[

尘

]

烟

[

雾

]

laboratory hood; fume hood

ganopy hood

lateral hood; side hood

rim exhaust; slot exhaust hood; lateral exhaust at the edge

of a bath

push-pull hood

face velocity

capture velocity; control velocity

dust

fibrous dust

hydrophilic dust; lyophilic dust

hydrophobic dust; lyophobic dust

free silica; free silicon dioxide

aerosol

airborne particles; particulates; atmospheric dust

smoke

fume

fumes

droplet

mist

particle; particulate

particle size

particle size distribution; granulometric distribution

angle of repose; angle of rest

angle of slide

actual density; density of dust particle

volume density; apparent density; bulk density

resistivity; specific resistance

wettability

hydraulicity

dust source

pulvation action

reentrainment of dust

settling velocity

suspended velocity

dust removal; dust separation; dust control

mechanical dust removal; mechanical cleaning off dust

wet dust collection; wet dust extraction

hydraulic dust removal

mechanical and hydraulic combined dust removal

dust removing system

10

烟气

11

液滴

12

雾

13

粒子

14

粒径

15

粒径分布

16

安息角

17

滑动角

18

真密度

19

堆积密度

20

比电阻

21

可湿性

22

水硬性

23

尘源

24

尘化作用

25

二次扬尘

26

沉降速度

27

悬浮速度

28

除尘

29

机械除尘

30

湿法除尘

31

水力除尘

32

联合除尘

33

除尘系统

34

湿式作业

35

湿法冲洗

36

泥浆处理

37

气力输送

38

含尘浓度

39

初始浓度

40

除尘效率

41

分级除尘效率

42

分割粒径

43

过滤器初阻力

44

过滤器终阻力

45

容尘量

46

过滤效率

47

穿透率

48

气布比

49

过滤速度

50

连续除灰

51

定期除灰

2.5

有害气体净化及排放

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

有害气体

气体吸收

气体吸附

气体燃烧

直接燃烧

热力燃烧

催化燃烧

气体冷凝

吸收装置

wet method operation

wet flushing

sludge handling

Pneumatic conveying; pneumatic transport

dust concentration

initial concentration of dust

overall efficiency of separation; total separation efficiency;

collection efficiency

grade efficiency; fractional separation efficiency

cut diameter

initial resistance of filter

final resistance of filter

dust capacity; clogging capacity; dust- holding capacity

filter efficiency

penetration rate; slip rate

air-to-cloth ratio; specific gas flow rate

filtration velocity; media velocity

continuous dust dislodging; continuous dust removal

periodic dust dislodging; intermittent dust removal

harmful gas and vapo[u]r

absorption of gas and vapo[u]r

adsorption of gas and vapo[u]r

combustion of gas and vapo[u]r

direct combustion

thermal oxidation; flame combustion

catalytic combustion; catalytic oxidation

condensation of vapo[u]r

absorption equipment

absorbent

desorption

absorbate

adsorption equipment; adsorber

adsorbent

adsorbate

atmospheric diffusion; dispersion

atmospheric turbulence

atmospheric stability

temperature inversion

inversion layer; thermal inversion layer

chimney; stack; exhaust vertical pipe

plume; smoke plume

10

吸收剂

11

解吸

12

吸收质

13

吸附装置

14

吸附剂

15

吸附质

16

大气扩散

17

大气湍流

18

大气稳定度

19

逆温

20

逆温层

21

[

排气

]

烟囱

22

烟羽

23

烟羽抬升高度

24

烟羽有效高度

25

大气污染

26

空气污染物

27

排放浓度

28

落地浓度

2.6

通风管道及附件

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

通风管道

风管

风道

[

通风

]

总管

[

通风

]< /p>

干管

[

通风< /p>

]

支管

软管

柔性接头

集合管

plume rise height

effective stack height

atmospheric pollution; air pollution

air pollutant; air contaminant

emission concentration

ground-level concentration

ventilating duct

air duct; duct

air channel; air duct; duct

main duct; trunk duct

main duct

branch duct

flexible duct

flexible joint

air manifold; air header

passage ventilating duct; through air duct

cylindrical ventilator; roof ventilator

cowl; weather cap

conical cowl; tapered cowl

components; part; piece

fittings

guide vane; turning vane; splitter

butterfly damper

opposed multiblade damper

parallel multiblade damper

diamond-shaped damper

slide damper

inclined damper

check damper; nonreturn damper

fire damper; fire-resisting damper

smokeproof damper; smoke damper

smoke exhaust damper

back-flow preventer; subduct assembly

pressure relief device

air opening; exhaust opening or inlet; air inlet

diffuser

register

slot outlet; slote diffuser

twist outlet; swirl diffuser

air distributor

10

通过式风管

11

筒形风帽

12

伞形风帽

13

锥形风帽

14

[

通风

]

部件

15

[

通风

]

配件

16

导流板

17

蝶阀

18

对开式多叶阀

19

平行式多叶阀

20

菱形叶片调节阀

21

插板阀

22

斜插板阀

23

[

通风

]

止回阀

24

防火阀

25

防烟阀

26

排烟阀

27

防回流装置

28

泄压装置

29

风口

30

散流器

31

百叶型风口

32

条缝型风口

33

旋流风口

34

空气分布器

35

旋转送风口

36

插板式送吸风口

37

吸风口

38

排风口

39

清扫孔

40

检查门

41

测孔

42

风管支吊架

2.7

通风与除尘设备

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

通风机

离心式通风机

轴流式通风机

贯流式通风机

屋顶通风机

风扇

吊扇

喷雾风扇

冷风机组

rotating air outlet with movable guide vanes; rotary supply

outlet

air supply(suction)opening with slide plate

exhaust opening; exhaust inlet

exit; exhaust outlet

cleanout opening; cleaning hole

access door

sampling port; sampling hole

support(hanger) of duct

fan

centrifugal fan

axial fan

cross-flow fan; tangential fan

power roof ventilator

circulating fan

ceiling fan

spray fan; air-douche unit with water atomization

self-contained cooling unit; cooling unit

dust separator; dust collector; particulate collector

gravity separator settling chamber

dry dust separator

inertial dust separator

cyclone; cyclone dust separator

multicyclone; multiclone

bag filter; fabric collector; baghouse

granular bed filter; gravel bed filter

electrostatic precipitator; electric precipitator

wet dust collector; wet separator; wet scrubber

water-film cyclone; water-film separator

horizontal water-film cyclone

foam dust separator

impact dust collector; vortex scrubber

venturi scrubber

sieve-plate column; perforated plate tower

packed tower; packed column

air filter

automatic roll filter

vacuum cleaning installation; vacuum cleance; cleaning

vacuum

plant

10

除尘器

11

沉降室

12

干式除尘器

13

惯性除尘器

14

旋风除尘器

15

多管〔旋风〕除尘器

16

袋式除尘器

17

颗粒层除尘器

18

电除尘器

19

湿式除尘器

20

水膜式除尘器

21

卧式旋风水膜除尘器

22

泡沫除尘器

23

冲激式除尘器

24

文丘里除尘器

25

筛板塔

26

填料塔

27

空气过滤器

28

自动卷绕式过滤器

29

真空吸尘装置

3

空气调节术语

3.1

一般术语

1

空气调节

air conditioning

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

舒适性空气调节

工艺性空气调节

局部区域空气调节

分层空气调节

空气调节区

非空气调节区

空气调节房间

空气调节机房

显热

潜热

全热

综合温度

逐时综合温度

日平均综合温度

太阳辐射热

太阳辐射热吸收系数

遮阳系数

comfort air conditioning

industrial air conditioning; process air conditioning

local air conditioning

stratificated air conditioning

conditioned zone

unconditioned zone

conditioned space

air conditioning machine room; air handling unit room

sensible heat

latent heat

total heat

sol-air temperature

hourly sol-air temperature

average daily sol-air temperature

solar radiant heat

absorptance for solar radiation

shading coeffident

space heat gain

heat gain from occupant

heat gain from appliance and equipment

heat gain from lighting

heat storage; thermal storage effect

heat storage capacity; thermal storage characteristic

moisture gain

moisture gain from occupant

moisture gain from appliance and equipment

space moisture load

space cooling load

cooling load from heat conduction through envelope

cooling load from outdoor air; cooling load from ventilation

hourly cooling load

maximum sum of hourly cooling load

cooling load temperature

air conditioning system cooling load

load pattern

percentage of men, women and children

air conditioning system

central air conditioning system

constant volume air conditioning system

variable air volume(VAV)air conditioning system

3.2

负荷计算

10

房间得热量

11

人体散热量

12

设备散热量

13

照明散热量

14

蓄热

15

蓄热特性

16

散湿量

17

人体散湿量

18

设备散湿量

19

房间湿负荷

20

房间冷负荷

21

传热冷负荷

22

新风冷负荷

23

逐时冷负荷

24

逐时冷负荷综合最大值

25

冷负荷温度

26

空气调节系数冷负荷

27

负荷特性

28

群集系数

3.3

空气调节系统

1

2

3

4

空气调节系统

集中式空气调节系统

定风量空气调节系统

变风量空气调节系统