英国文学史上-The Renaissance

English Literature Part 2

The Renaissance Period

Reference:

1) 16

th

century, Thomas More,

“

sheep devoured men

”

羊吃人的时代

2) At

the

beginning

of

the

16

th

century,

absolute

monarchy

was

formed

in

England.

King

Henry VIII

broke off with the Pope, dissolved all the monasteries

修道院

and abbeys

大修道

院

in

the

country, < /p>

confiscated

没收

their

lands

and

proclaimed

himself

head

of

the

Church

of

England

.

3)

The absolute monarchy

in England reached its

summit

during the reign of

Queen

Elizabeth I

.

4) Beginning of the 16

th

century, Thomas More, a outstanding

humanist

杰出的人文主

义者

, wrote

Utopia

in which he gave a profound and truthful picture of the people

’

s suffering and

put forward his ideal of a future happy society.

5) In the 1

st

half of the 16

th

century, there appeared

lyrical poems

抒情诗

by

Thomas

Wyatt

怀亚特

.

Wyatt was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature. In the 2

nd

half of

the 16

th

century lyrical poetry became widespread in England. Famous lyrical and epic poets of

the

time

were

Philip

Sidney

菲利普?锡德尼

,

Thomas

Campion

托马斯?坎皮恩

and

Edmund

Spenser

埃德蒙 ?斯宾塞

(<

The Faerie Queene

>

仙后

)

6)

Various

types of

novels

were

developed

in

the 16

th

century.

John Lyly

约翰?黎里

and

Thomas

Lodge

托马斯?洛奇

were

authors

of

novels

dealing

with

the

court

life

and

gallantr y.(

宫廷生活和侠士风流

)

John Lyly

→

Euphues: The Antatomy of Wit

艳词

(

首创

euphuism

绮丽体这一修辞手段

)

Thomas

Deloney

托马斯 ?德洛尼

&Thomas

Nashe

托马斯?纳什→

developed

the

realistic

tendencies

< br>发展了小说中的现实主义风格

(devoted to the everyday life of craftsmen, merchants

and other representatives of the lower classes)

7) Drama

→

the greatest of the pioneers of English drama was Christopher Marlowe

克

里斯托弗?马洛

. He made blank verse the principle vehicle of expression in drama.(

把无韵诗作

为英 语戏剧主要表达方式

His work

→

The Jew of Malta; The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus)

8) A period of

drama and poetry

. The

Elizabethan drama

is the real mainstream of the

English Renaissance.

9)

Three historical events of the Renaissance

—

rebirth or revival:

①

new discoveries in geography and astrology(

占星术

)

②

the religious reformation and economic expansion

③

rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture

Definition of important literary terms:

Renaissance:

the

activity,

spirit,

or

time

of

the

great

revival

of

art,

literature,

and

learning

in

Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition

from the medieval to the modern world.

William Shakespeare 1564~1616

P61

Works:

Stage1

→

1590 The Second Part of King Henry VI

The Third Part of King Henry VI

1591 The First Part of King Henry VI

1592 The Life and Death of King Richard III

The Comedy of Errors

1593

Titus Andronicus

泰特斯?安德鲁尼克斯

(

复仇悲剧

)

1