-
Test 1
READING
1 hour
PART ONE
Questions
1-8
?
Look at the statements below and at the
five extracts on the opposite page from an article
giving advice to people setting up a
business.
?
Which
extract (
A
,
B
,
C
,
D
or
E
) does each statement
(
1-8
) refer to?
?
For each
statement (
1-8
), mark one
letter (
A
,
B
,
C
,
D
or
E
) on your Answer Sheet.
?
You will need
to use some of these letters more than once.
?
There is an
example at the begining,
(
0
).
Example:
0
Not everyone has the skills required to
manage a company.
A
B
C
D
E
1
You should plan ahead in case a founder
of the company chooses to leave it.
2
A company which is
expanding today may not always continue to do so.
3
The distribution of equity among the
founders can affect the smooth runhing of the
business.
4
Your function in the organisation is
different from that of the other managers.
5
Your method of running the business
will have to be modified as your company develops.
6
Your business may evolve into a form
that you are not satisfied with.
7
Delay offering
employees a financial stake in the company.
8
You need to identify your personal
strengths and weaknesses.
A
So
you
think
you
’
re
an
entrepreneur,
and
you
want
to
start
up
a
company.
First,
be
sure
you
’
re
really
an
entrepreneur,
and
not
an
inventor.
Inventors
come
up
with
ideas,
entrepreneurs make a business out of
them: it
’
s important to know
where your abilities lie,
as inventors
can fail miserably at running a business. Also,
you need to be confident that you
can
adapt
your
management
style
to
meet
new
demands
if
your
company
is
a
success.
Leading the
management team of a growing business is very
different from leading a newly
founded
company.
B
If your company proves
successful, it will probably change out of all
recognition, and may
seem to possess a
life of its own, with institutional shareholders,
regulators and employees
to consider as
well as customers and bank managers. That is the
time to consider how far
the
aspirations
of
the
business
you
founded
still
mirror
your
own.
If
they
have
diverged
widely,
and
you
feel
you
have
built
just
the
sort
of
business
that
you
perhaps
tried
to
escape from in the first
place, it may be time to leave.
C
Bringing an idea to life
requires an organisation. If you are going into
business with your
friends, make sure
you treat them as professionally as you
would your arms-length
business
partners,
because the
odds
are
that
y
ou’ll
fall
out
with
them.
It
may
not
seem
important
at
the start, but
it
will
strengthen the
company
if you ensure that its
constitution
documents
are
designed
with
your
specific
business
and
circumstances
in
mind, and that they clearly establish
what will happen in the event of a withdrawal from
the business by one of the founding
shareholders.
D
Think
carefully
about
the
capital
structure
of
the
business.
You
could
be
storing
up
a
problem for
the company in the future - for example, by
allocating shares to founders in a
way
that could lead to a stand-off if they refuse to
see eye to eye on key issues. Similarly,
when you eventually recruit new senior
team members, think carefully about what to offer
them.
Don’t
give away share
options too early. As a rule of thumb, cash is
sufficient reward
for
knowledge and skill. Keep equity up your sleeve
for rewarding commitment.
E
As
your business grows, you need to keep the right
balance between management control
and
entrepre-neurial
spirit.
Too
much
control,
and
the
business
will
ultimately
cease
to
grow.
Too
little,
and
growth
could
be
unsustainable.
Y
ou’ll
need
to
employ
managers,
but
remember that their job is to build the
infrastructure to underpin a business that until
now
may
have
run
on
the
basis
of
your
salesmanship
and
excitement.
The
risk
is
to
bring
in
managers
who are too much like you, without the necessary
experience of nursing a newly
founded
business through its evolution.
PART TWO
Questions
9-14
?
Read this text taken from an article
about marketing.
?
Choose the best sentence from the
opposite page to fill each of the gaps.
?
For each gap
(
9-14
), mark one letter
(
A
—
H
)
on your Answer Sheet.
?
Do not use any letter more than once.
?
There is an
example at the beginning,
(
0
).
沪江
BEC
：
/bec/
How
effective is your marketing ?
Gone
are
the
days
when
companies
had
departments
full
of
staff
whose
role
nobody
under
stood.(
0
)....H.....And
rightly so. But when it comes to marketing, what
is effectiveness, how do you
measure
it, and why is its measurement so important?
Businesses are
starting to recognise the key marketing questions.
Are we providing the right products
Example:
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
A
H
aving done that, next comes
establishing what it is that marketing
activities should be achieving.
B
Because
of
this,
you
may
want
to
generate
return
on
investment,
perhaps
by
raising
the
quality of your brand.
C
This shift in focus will be taken as
re
ad
by the most successful busi
n
e
ss
e
s.
D
Addressing
such issues should mean
thatprofits
take care of themselves.
E
Concerning the latter, it may be
tempting to be seduced by efforts that
yield quick results and satisfy
investor
pressure for immediate
returns.
F
These should be
precise and based on
empirical data.
G
Good
strategies are not necessarily
linked
to production or sales figures.
H
Today we are all
accountable and have
to be able to
demonstrate the value of
our
contribution to our businesses.
PART THREE
Questions
15-20
?
Read the following article about
recruitment in the UK and the questions on the
opposite
page.
?
For each
question (
15-20
), mark one
letter (
A
,
B
,
C
or
D
) on your
Answer Sheet.
Graduate
recruitment
has
a
growing
role.
But
companies
need
to
know
whether
their
recruitment staff who
interview candidates for jobs really know what
they
’
re
doing.
Carl Gilleard,
chief executive of the Association of Graduate
Recruiters (AGR), acknowledges that
in
a perfect world. the people who recruit graduates
would have been in the role for some time
building
up
workplace
knowledge.
He
says
the
reality
is
that
the
high
turnover
of
graduate
recruitment
managers
in
most
blue
chips
means
there
is
little
continuity
in
how
companies
operate.
‘
There
’
s
the
difficulty
in
maintaining
important
contact
with
university
careers
departments, for
example,
’he
explains.
‘
You need a depth of
understanding to appreciate where
the
company is coming from and how
it
‘
s
progressing.
’
We
can
identify
two
specialisms
within
the
recruiter's
that
work
on
the
recruitment
and
selection
side
need
traditional
human
resources
(HR)
skills
such
as
good
interviewing
technique, observation, common sense,
objectivity patience and listening skills. But
increasingly
there
are
those
who
take
a
strategic
view
and
look
more
widely
at
how
their
company
is
represented
in
the
marketplace.
lt's
a
clear
advantage
if
you
can
identify
with
your
target
audience.
Many
young
members
of
middle
management
are
seconded
into
HR
for
a
year
because
their
firms
feel
they
can
identify
with
job
—
seeking
in
an
industry
that
has
been
revolutionised
by
the
internet,
privatised
career
services
and
rocketing
numbers
in
higher
education,
it
is
questionable
how
relevant
these
managers`
experiences
are.
Some
high
—
fliers
see
a
secondment
to
HR
as
a
sideways
move;
a
firm
’
s
HR
func-
tion
might
not
carry
the
same
kudos
as, say the finance department, although obviously
the recruitment and retention of staff
is of crucial importance.
Georgia
de
Saram,
specialising
in
graduate
recruitment at
a
law
Erm,
is
one
of
a
new
breed
of
young
dynamic
recruiters
who
see
HR
as
their
vocation
ratherthan
a
transitory
career
move.
‘
I
was attracted to the profession
because I enjoy working with people and
it's an obvious
follow-on from my
anthropology degree.
’ she
says.
‘I
n this capacity you
get to know people and
they
know you
even
though
they
might
not
know
other
people
in
the
firm.
’
As
a
recruiter, she
sees herself as
the
interface between graduates and
the
firm
that
’
s
looking
to
attract
them.
‘
It's
such a tug of war between law firms for
the best trainees - often
they
’ll
turn you down in
favour
of an
offerthey
’
ve received from
need to be good at marketing your firm, to know
what
interests
graduates
and
how
you
can
reach
potential
employees,
whether
that`s
through
virtual law fairs or
magazines.
’
A
recent
AGR
survey
suggests
that
the
sectors
in
which
there
is
less
turnover
of
graduate
recruitment
managers are more
successful
in recruiting
the graduates they want. The legal
sector
’
s
sophisticated
understanding
of
the market, for example,
means they manage
to
recruit
exactly the right number of trainees
despite intense competition and thousands of
applications.
The
people
recruiting
seem
to
build
up
a
specialism
and
then
pass
on
their
knowledge
and
expertise to those new
to the graduate recruitment sector
Jackie
Alexander:
an HR
partner
at
PricewaterhouseCoopers,
feels
that HR
professionals
are
finally
reaching board
level and
receiving the sort
of
acknowledgement they deserve.
‘
They
are
judged by the value they add to the
business,' she says,'and, as a professional
services firm, the
right people are our
biggest asset.
’
As Georgia
de Saram points out:
‘F
rom
our company
’
s point of
view, if I can
’t
establish a rapport with a candidate and bring out
their best, it might not be just
their
future but also ours that is at
stake.
’
15
According to Carl Gilleard, many
recruiters lack
A
detailed
knowledge of their sector.
B
appropriate academic qualifications.
C
understanding of
graduate
s’
expectations.
D
experience of the
companies they work for.
16
What change in the recruitment process
is mentioned in the third paragraph?
A
Recruitment staff are re-training.
B
Broader approaches are
being adopted.
C
Traditional
abilities are being given less value.
D
Different interview processes are
being
—
used.
17
On what grounds are certain managers
seconded to HR departments?
A
It is believed that they will relate to
potential recruits.
B
It is
thought that they will benefit most from new
developments.
C
It is
assumed that they will be able to apply
specialised knowledge.
D
lt
is expected that they will take advantage of new
promotion opportunities.
18
Which of the following areas does
Georgia de Saram mention as an aspect of her work?
A
representing her company
effectively to its recruits
B
increasing recruitment numbers at her
company
C
encouraging a wide
range of company recruits
D
influencing her company's recruitment
policy
19
What was revealed
about law firms in a survey?
A
They are competing more effectively
than before against other sectors.
B
They prefer to retain trainees for
extended periods wherever possible.
C
They have managed to employ
particularly knowledgeable HR staff.
D
They appeal to those HR managers who
are keen for promotion.
20
What point is made about recruitment in
the final paragraph?
A
New
levels of qualification are being developed for
it.
B
lt is now being
perceived as key to increased profitability. ,
C
Higher numbers of managers
are being attracted to it.
D
It is becoming central to a
business
’
s survival.
PART FOUR
Questions 21-30
?
Read the
article below about job satisfaction.
?
Choose the
correct word to fill each gap from
A
,
B
,
C
or
D
on the opposite page.
?
For each
question (
21-30
), mark one
letter (
A
,
B
,
C
or
D
) on your
Answer Sheet.
?
There is an example at the beginning,
(
0
).
How important is job
satisfaction?
At
its
most
basic,
a
job
is
(
0
) ........
a
collection
of
tasks
and
duties.
An
employee
’
s
enjoyment of his or her job will thus
(
21
) ........ depend upon
whether or not he or she
is
happy
with
the
particular
mix
of
tasks
and
duties
(
22
)
........
to
that
position.
Naturally,
each
and
every
member
of
staff
is
different-
some
employees
want
to
do
easy,
(
23
)
........
tasks
without
any
responsibilities
at
all,
whilst
others
prefer
challenging,
varied
ones
and
are
pleased
to
accept
any
additional
responsibilities
offered to
them. Of course, with a job there are more
(
24
) ........ in play than
this: work
沪江
BEC
：
/bec/
conditions,
pay,
working
relations
and
future
prospects
are
(
25
)
........
too.
Nevertheless,
tasks
and
duties
are
the
central
feature,
and
should
therefore
be
considered as a separate
(
26
) ........ in themselves.
So,
how important is an
employee
’
s enjoyment of his
or her individual (
27
)
........ of
Example:
A
quite
B
even
C
just
D
yet
A
B
C
D
21
A
highly
22
A
devoted
23
A
customary
24
A
pieces
25
A
connected
26
A
result
27
A
set
28
A
insist
D
B
largely
C
extensively
B
intended
C
identified
D
D
B
habitual
C
usual
B
roles
C
factors
D
D
B
relevant
C
appropriate
B
effect
C
issue
D
D
B
order
C
rank
B
accentuate
D
C
reiterate
B
demonstrate
C
unmask
D
沪江
BEC
：
http://
ww
B
ensure
C
c
on
vince
/
bec
/
D
widely
allocated
routine
parts
related
outcome
line
assent
manifest
assure
29
A
uncover
30
A
confirm
PART FIVE
Ouestions 31-40
?
Read the text
below from a brochure.
?
For each question
(
31-40
), write one word in
CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.
?
There is an
example at the beginning,
(
0
).
Example:
0
A
Paragon: great
business
space
A
new
concept
for
the
twenty-first
century,
Paragon
is
(
0
)
.......
totally
unique
showpiece
development
of
high-quality
office
and
call
centre
buildings,
hotel
and
leisure
facilities.
Many
cities
find
(
31
) ........
increasingly
difficult
to
allocate
office
space,
but
the
city
of
Wakefield
is
already ahead
(
32
) ....... the game with
Paragon.
Paragon offers
an
extensive parkland
setting
with
low-density
buildings,
and
room to expand
in
the future. Yet,
(
33
) ....... the vast
majority of business parks, Paragon has not been
exiled to the
distant
edges
of
the
city.
Instead,
this
large
site
is
only
I
km
from
the
centre
of
Wakefield.
This
offers massive
advantages: employees can easily walk or cycle to
work, saving stress and pollution,
and
significantly cutting (
34
)
....... on commuting time. There is
(
35
) ....... more driving
along the
motorway to distant outposts
of business empires for the Paragon worker But
Paragon's location
sacrifices
nothing
(
36
) .......
terms
of
communications.
It
is
perfectly
placed
for
road
and
rail
networks.
A
further
attraction
of
Wakefield
for
Paragon
is
the
ready
availability
of
a
skilled
workforce.
(
37
) .......
are
more
than
233,000
people
available
for
work
within
an
hour's
journey,
and
an
enormous
catchment population of 20 million within two
hours' travel. The city has a long history
(
38
) .......
an
administrative
centre,
and
its
recent
success
in
attracting
top-name
companies
is
evidence of its solid business
credentials. Figures from the developers suggest
that up (
39
) .......
5,000 jobs could be available in the
initial phase of its development, with more to
follow, making
it
(
40
) ....... of the most
significant areas of employment in the region.
PARTSIX
Questions 41-52
?
Read the text
below about IT training.
?
In most of the lines
(
41-52
) there is one extra
word. It is either grammatically incorrect or
does not fit in with the sense of the
text. Some lines, however, are correct.
?
lf a line is
correct, write
CORRECT
on
your Answer Sheet.
?
lf there is an extra word in the line,
write
the extra word
in
CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer
Sheet.
?
The exercise
begins with two examples,
(
0
) and
(
00
).
Examples:
0
0
C
T
O
H
R
A
R
T
E
C
T
IN-HOUSE IT
TRAINING
0
One of the most important things you
should consider before implementing
00
an IT training program is whether that
the content is current, accurate
41
and easily be understood by trainees.
In general, you should look
42
for a training program that has done an
affiliation with industry
43
leaders. For example, a course on
Windows 2000 should at least ,
44
be approved by Microsoft. A course that
has been co-developed in
45
this way ensures so that trainees will
study relevant and correct
46
information. Also, take into your
account the availability of practical
47
exercises. Many off-site,
instructor-led programs which provide learning
48
labs for trainee
practice, but take good on-site training courses
can
49
include hands-on
simulations that resemble to an actual networking
50
or desktop environment.
This supply allows trainees to interact with
51
the programs without
crashing down a live system. It also means that
52
trainees can study while
at work so that less time is going missed, and
沪江
BEC
：
/bec/
production
schedules are not interrupted.
WRITING
1 hour
10 minutes
PART ONE
Question 1
?
The graph below
shows the turnover for three kinds of retail
outlet, all owned by the same
company,
during a three-year period.
?
Using the
information from the graph, write a short
report
comparing the
changes in
turnover in the
company
’
s three types of
outlet.
?
Write
120-140
words.
PART TWO
Write an
answer to
one
of the
questions
2-4
in this part.
Write your answer in
200-250
words.
Question 2
?
Your company
would like to break into a new overseas market
with your new
range of sports goods.
You have been asked by the Marketing Director to
investigate ways of doing this.
?
Write a report
for the Marketing Director, including the
following information:
?
how you carried out your research into
the market
?
the
existing competition
?
your target customers
?
ways of
promoting the products in the new market.
Question 3
?
Recently you
have become unhappy with a service that has been
provided to
your company for a number
of years. You have decided to write a letter of
complaint to the service provider.
?
Write your
letter
to
the
company
that
provides
the
service, including
the
following
information:
?
which service
you are complaining about
?
why you are dissatisfied with the
service
?
what
action you want the service provider to take
?
what you will
do if there is no improvement in the service.
Question 4
?
Your
Managing
Director
is
considering
how
to
improve
the
company's
internal
communications,
and
has
asked
you
to
write
a
short
proposal
giving
your
views
on
communication within your
department.
?
Write the
proposal
for the Managing Director:
?
describing how
communication currently takes place within your
department
?
pointing out the weaknesses of the
present situation
?
recommending one or two improvements
that should be made.
LISTENING
Approximately
40 minutes (including
10
minute
s’ t
ransfer
time)
PART ONE
Questions 1-12
?
You will hear
the founder of a company called Manshee talking to
business students about its
development.
?
As you listen, for questions 1-12,
complete the notes, using up to three words or a
number.
?
After
you have listened once, replay the recording.
THE
DEVELOPMENT OF
MAN
SHEE
1
The speaker had a problem
finding ..........................................
................................... for his
c
omput
er
.
2
Initially, the speaker bought from ....
..................................................
..................................busi
n
e
s
se
s.
3
4
5
6
Four years
after its launch, Manshee
’
s
..................................................
................................ was ?6
m
.
沪江
BEC
：
/bec/
< br>
The company grew rapidly without
having ...........................................
................................................ .
The main factor in the company's
decisions was the current
month
’
s
..................................
................
......................
..................................................
...........................................fell as
a result of
c
ompetition.
PART TWO
Questions
13-22
?
You will hear five different people
talking about problems and responses to them
in the companies where they work.
?
For each
extract there are two tasks. For Task One, decide
which problem each
speaker mentions
from the list
A-H
. For Task
Two, decide which response the
company
made to the problem from the list
A-H
.
?
After you have listened once, replay
the recording.
Task One -
Problems
?
For questions
13-17
, match the extracts
with the problems, listed
A-H
.
?
For each extract, decide which problem
for the company is mentioned. ,
?
Write one
letter (
A-H
) next to the
number of the extract.
13
.................................
A
The director
s’
experience was narrow.
B
Certain products went out of fashion.
沪江
BEC
：
http:
14
.................................
15
.................................
C
There was a reliance on poor-quality
supplies.
D
There were
conflicts between directors.
E
Too many new products were launched at
the
same time
///bec/
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