-
大学英语（四）
测试一
Part I
Listening Comprehension
(20
points, 1 point each)
Section A
Directions:
In this section, you will hear 8 short
conversations and 1 long conversation.
At the end of each conversation, one or
more questions will be asked about
what
was said. Both the conversation and the question
will be spoken only
once. After each
question there will be a pause. During the pause,
you must
read the four choices marked
A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best
answer.
1. A)
The girls got on well with each other.
B)
It
’
s understandable that
girls
don’t
get along.
C) She was
angry with the other young stars.
D) The girls
lacked the courage to fight.
2. A) The
woman does her own housework.
B)
The woman needs a housekeeper.
C) The
woman
’
s house is in a mess.
D) The woman works as a housekeeper.
3. A) The Edwards are quite well-off.
B)
The Edwards should cut down on their living
expenses.
C)
It
’
ll be unwise for the
Edwards to buy another house.
D)
It
’
s too expensive for the
Edwards to live in their present house.
4. A) The woman
didn’t
except it to be so
warm at noon.
B) The woman is sensitive
to weather changes.
C) The weather
forecast was unreliable.
D) The weather
turned cold all of a sudden.
5. A) At a
clinic.
B) In a supermarket.
C)
At a restaurant.
D) In an ice cream shop.
6.
A) The woman did not feel any danger growing up in
the Bronx.
B)
The man thinks it was quite safe living in the
Bronx district.
C) The woman started working at an
early age to support her family.
D) The man
doesn’t
think it safe to
send an 8-year-old to buy things.
7. A)
The man has never seen the woman before.
B) The two
speakers work for the same company.
C) The two speakers work in
the same floor.
D) The woman is interested in market
research.
8. A) The woman
can
’
t tolerate any noise.
B)
The man is looking for an apartment.
C)
The man has missed his appointment.
D) The woman is
going to take a train trip.
Questions 9 to 12 are based on the
conversation you have just heard.
9. A)
It was about a little animal.
B) It was about a little girl and her
pet.
C) It took
her six years to write.
D) It was adapted from a
fairy tale.
10. A) She knows how to
write best-selling novels.
B)
She can make a living by doing what she likes.
C)
She can earn a lot of money by writing for adults.
D)
She is able to win enough support from publishers.
11. A) Her ideas.
B) Her life experiences.
C) The readers.
D) The characters.
12. A) They popped out her childhood
dreams.
B) She mainly
drew on stories of ancient saints.
C) They drew
out of her long hours of thinking.
D)
She
doesn’t
really know
where they originated.
Section B
Directions:
In this section,
you will hear 2 short passages. At the end of each
passage,
you
will
hear
some
questions.
Both
the
passage
and
the
questions
will
be
spoken
only
once.
After
you
hear
a
question,
you
must
choose
the
best
answer from the four
choices marked A), B), C) and D).
Passage One
Questions 13 to
16 are based on the passage you have just heard.
13. A) They care a lot about
children.
B) They need looking after in their old
age.
C) They
want to enrich their life experience.
D) They want children to keep them
company.
14. A) They are usually
adopted from distant places.
B) Their birth information
is usually kept secret.
C) Their birth parents often try to
conceal their birth information.
D)
Their
adoptive parents don’t want them to know their
birth parents.
15. A) They
generally hold bad feelings towards their birth
parents.
B)
They do not want to hurt the feelings of their
adoptive parents.
C) They have mixed feelings about
finding their natural parents.
D) They are fully aware of
the expenses involved in the search.
16. A) Early adoption makes for closer
parent-child relationship.
B) Most people prefer to adopt children
from overseas.
C) Understanding is the key to
successful adoption.
D) Adoption has much to do with love.
Passage Two
Questions 17 to
20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
17. A) He suffered a nervous breakdown.
B) He was
wrongly diagnosed.
C) He was seriously
injured.
D) He developed a strange
disease.
18. A) He was able
to talk again.
B) He raced to the nursing
home.
C) He could tell red and blue apart.
D) He could not
recognize his wife.
19. A)
Twenty-nine days.
B)
Two and a half months.
C) Several minutes.
D) Fourteen
hours.
20. A) They welcomed
the publicity in the media.
B) The avoided appearing on television.
C)
They released a video of his progress.
D) They
declined to give details of his condition.
Part II
Skimming and Scanning
(10 points, 1 point each)
Directions:
In
this part, you will
have 15 minutes to
go over the passage quickly.
The
passage
is
followed
by
10
questions
or
unfinished
statements.
For
each
of
them, choose the best answer from the
four choices marked A), B), C) and
D
).
That’s enough, kids
It was a lovely day at the
park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine
with her
two children when a young boy,
aged about four, approached her two-year-old son
and
pushed him to the ground.
“I’d
watched
him
for
a
little
while
and
my
son
was
the
fourth
or
fifth
child
he’d
shoved,” she says.” I went over to
them, picked up my son, t
urned to the
boy and said,
firmly, ’No, we don’t
push,” What happened next was
unexpected.
“The
boy’s mother ran toward me from across the park,”
Stella says,
“I thought she
was coming over to apologize, but
instead she started shouting at me for
‘discipl
ining her
child’
. All I did was let
him know his behavior was unacceptable. Was I
supposed to sit
back while her kid did
whatever he wanted, hurting other children in the
process?”
Getting
your
own
children
to
play
nice
is
difficult
enough.
Dealing
with
other
people’s children has become a
minefield.
In
my
house,
jumping
on
the
sofa
is
not
allowed.
In
my
sister’s
house
it’s
encouraged. For her, it’s about kids
being kids:
“If you can’t do
it at three, when can you
do
it?”
Each of
these philosophies is valid and, it has to be
said, my son loves visiting his
aunt’s
house. But I find myself saying “no” a lot when
her kids are over at mine. That’s
OK
between sisters but becomes dangerous territory
when you’re talking to the children
of
friends or acquaintances.
“Kids
aren’t
all
raised
the
same,”
agrees
Professor
Naomi
White
of
Monash
University.
“But there is still an idea that
they’re the property of the parent. We see our
children
as
an
extension
of
ourselves,
so
if
you’re
saying
that
my
child
is
behaving
i
nappropriately, then that’s
somehow a criticism of me.”
In those circumstances, it’s difficult
to know whether to approach the child directly
or the parent first. There are two
schools of thought.
“I’d
go
to
the
child
first,”
says
Andrew
Fuller,
author
o
f
Tricky
Kids
.
“Usually
a
quiet reminder that ‘we
don’t do that here’ is enough. Kids nave finely
tuned
antennae
(
直觉
)
for how to behave in different
settings.”
He
points
out
bringing
it
up
with
the
parent
first
may
make
them
feel
neglectful,
which
could
cause
problems.
Of
course,
approaching
the
child
first
can
bring
its
own
headaches, too.
This
is
why
White
recommends
that
you
approach
the
parents
first.
“Raise
your
concerns with the parents if they’re
there and ask them to deal with it,” she
says.
Asked
how
to
approach
a
parent
in
this
situation,
psychologist
Meredith
Fuller
answers:
“Explain
your
needs
as
well
as
stressing
the
importance
of
the
friendship.
Preface your
remarks with something like: ‘I know you’ll think
I’m silly but in my house
I don’t
want…’”
When
it
comes
to
situations
where
you’re
caring
for
another
child,
White
is
straightforward:
“
C
ommon sense must prevail.
If things don’t go well, then have a
chat.”
There’re
a couple of new grey areas. Physical punishment,
once accepted from any
adult, is no
longer appropriate. “
Now
you
can
’
t
do it
without feeling uneasy about
it,
”
White says.
Men might
also
feel
uneasy about
dealing with
other
people
’
s children.
“
Men feel
nervous,
”
White
says.
“A new set of considerations has
come to the fore as
part of the
debate about how we handle
children.”
For
Andrew
Fuller,
the
child-centric
nature
of
our
society
has
affected
everyone:
“The
rules
are
different
now
from
when
today’s
parents
were
growing
up,”
he
says,
“Adults
are
scared
of
saying:
‘
D
on’t
swear’,
or
asking
a
child
to
stand
up
on
a
bus.
They’re
worried
that
there
will
be
conflict
if
they
point
these
things
out
–
either
from
older children, or
their parents.”
He sees it as a loss of the sense of
common public good and public
courtesy
(
礼貌
)
,
and says that adults suffer form it as
much as child.
Meredith
Fuller agrees: “A code of conduct is hard to
create when you’re living in a
world in
which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack
of sleep, and a world in
which nice
people are perceived to
finish
last.”
“
I
t’s about what
I’m doing and what I need,” Andrew Fuller says.
“
The days when a
kid came
home from school and said, ‘I got into
trouble’
, a
nd dad said,
‘
You probably
deserved
it’
,
are
over.
Now
the
parents
are
charging
up
to
the
school
to
have
a
go
at
teachers.”
This
jumping
to
our
children’s
defense
is
part
of
what
fuels
the
“walking
on
eggshells”
feeling
that
surrounds
our
dealings
with
other
people’s
children.
You
know
that if you
remonstrate
(
劝诫
)
with the child, you’re going to have
to
deal with the parent.
I
t’s admirable to be
protective of our kids, but is it good?
“Children
have
to
learn
to
negotiate
the
world
on
their
own,
within
reasonable
boundaries,”
White says. “I suspect that it’s only certain
sectors of the population doing
the
running
to
the
school
–
better-educated
parents
are
probably
more
likely
to
be
too
involved.”
White believes our notions
of a more child-centered society should
be challenged.
“Today we have a
situation where, in many families, both parents
work, so th
e amount of
time
children get from parents has diminished,” she
says.
“Also, sometimes when
we talk about being
child
-
centred, it’s a way of
talking about
treating our children
like
commodities
(
商品
). We’re
cent
ered on them but in ways that
reflect positively on us. We treat them
as objects whose appearance and achievements are
something we can be proud of, rather
than serve the best interests of the
children.”
One
way over-worked, under-resourced parents show
commitment to their children
is to leap
to thei
r defence. Back at the park,
Bianchi’s
intervention
(
干预
)
on her son’s
behalf ended in
an undignified exchange of insulting words with
the other boy’s mother.
As Bianchi approached the park bench
where she’d been sitting, other mums came
up
to
her
and
cong
ratulated
her
on
taking
a
stand.
“Apparently
the
boy
had
a
longstanding reputation for bad
behavior and his mum for even worse behavior if he
was
challenged.”
Andrew
Fuller
doesn’t
believe
that
we
should
be
afraid
of
dealing
with
other
people’s kids.
“
Loo
k at kids that aren’t
your own as a potential minefield,” he says. He
recommends
that
we
don’t
stay
silent
over
inappropriate
behavior,
particularly
with
regular visitors.
21.
What
did
Stella
Bianchi
expect
the
young
boy’s
mother
to
do
when
she
talked
to
him?
A) Make an apology.
B) Come over to intervene.
C) Discipline her own boy.
D)
Take her own boy away.
22.
What does the author say about dealing
with other people’s children?
A)
I
t’s important not to hurt them in any
way
.
B) I
t’s no use trying to
stop their wrongdoing
.
C) I
t’s
advisable to treat them as one’s own
kids
.
D) I
t’s possible for one to
get into lots of trouble
.
23.
According
to
Professor
Naomi
W
hite
of
Monash
University,
when
one’s
kids
are
criticized, their
parents will probably feel ____ _.
A) discouraged
B) hurt
C) puzzled
D) overwhelmed
24.
What should one do when
seeing other people’s kids misbehave according to
Andrew
Fuller?
A) Talk to them directly in a mild way.
B) Complain to their
parents politely.
C) Simply leave them alone.
D) Punish them
lightly.
25. Due to the child-centric
nature of our society,
____.
A) parents are worried when their kids
swear at them
B) people think it improper to
criticize kids in public
C) people are reluctant to point out
kids’ wrongdoings
D) many
conflicts arise between parents and their kids
26. In a world where everyone is
exhausted from over work and lack of sleep,
_______.
A)
it’s easy for
people to become impatient
B)
it’s difficult to crea
te a
code of conduct
C)
it’s
important to be friendly to everybody
D)
it’s hard for people to
admire each other
27. How
did people use to respond when their kids got into
trouble at school?
A) T
hey’d
question the teachers
.
B) T
hey’d charge
up to
the school.
C)
T
hey’d tell the kids to clam
down
.
D)
They’d put the blame on their
kids
.
28.
Professor White believes that the notions of a
more child-centred society should be
___________.
29. According to Professor
W
hite, today’s parents treat
their children as something they
__________
.
30. Andrew
Fuller
suggests
that,
when
kids
behave
inappropriately,
people
should
not
__________.
Part III Reading Comprehension
(30 points, 2 points
each)
Directions:
There are 3 passages in this part. Each
passage is followed by some questions
or
unfinished
statements.
You
must
choose
the
best
answer
from
the
four
choices
marked A), B), C) and D).
Passage One
Questions 31 to
35 are based on the following passage
.
Believe it or not, optical
illusion
(
错觉
)can cut highway crashes.
Japan is a case in point.
It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by
nearly
75 percent using a simple
optical illusion. Bent stripes, called
chevrons
(
人字形
), painted
on the roads make drivers think that
they are driving faster than they really are, and
thus
drivers slow down.
Now
the
American
Automobile
Association
Foundation
for
Traffic
Safety
in
Washington D.C. is planning to repeat
Japan’s success. Starting next year, the
foundation
will paint chevrons and
other patterns of stripes on selected roads around
the country to
test how well the
patterns reduce highway crashes.
Excessive
speed
plays
a
major
role
in
as
much
as
one
fifth
of
all
fatal
traffic
accidents,
according
to
the
foundation.
To
help
reduce
those
accidents,
the
foundation
will conduct its
tests in areas where speed-related hazards are the
greatest
—
curves, exit
slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.
Some studies suggest that
straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can
initially
cut the average speed of
drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to
full speed within
months as drivers
become used to seeing the painted bars.
Chevrons, scientists
say, not
only give drivers
the impression that they are driving
faster
than
they
really
are
but
also
make
a
lane
appear
to
be
narrower.
The
result
is
a