中医术语英译

CHAPTER 1

肝阳

liver yang

肝气

liver qi

肝开窍于眼

liver open at the eyes

肺开窍于鼻

lung open at the nose

心开窍于舌

heart open at the tongue

上亢

ascendant hyperactivity

肝阳上亢

ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang

阳盛

yang exuberance

阴盛

yin exuberance

阳衰

yang debilitation

阴衰

yin debilitation

传统医学

traditional medicine

中医

traditional Chinese medicine

中西医结合

integration of Traditional Chinese and Western medicine

阴阳学说

yin-yang theory

五行学说

five-phase theory

中医基础理论

basic theory of TCM

中医诊断学

traditional Chinese diagnostics

方剂学

formula study

经方

classified formula

合方

combined formula

改方

modified formula

经络学说

meridian and collateral (study)

经脉

meridian vessel

穴位

acupuncture points

头皮针

scalp acupuncture

耳针

auricular acupuncture

中药学

traditional Chinese pharmacy

中医养生

traditional Chinese life nurturing

中医康复

traditional Chinese rehabilitation

中医护理

traditional Chinese nursing

整体观念

holism

五脏

five viscera

六腑

six bowels

CHAPTER 2

精气学说

essential qi theory

肾精

kidney essence

清气

clear qi

清阳

clear yang

清热

clear heat

阳虚

yang deficiency

虚火

deficiency fire

血逆

blood counterflow

气逆

qi counterflow

过虑伤肺

excessive anxiety damage the lung

气闭

qi block

热闭

heat block

阳脱证

yang collapse pattern

津脱

fluid collapse

补阳

tonify yang

补气

tonify qi

补血

tonify blood

苍天之气

heaven qi

气机

qi dynamic

陈腐之气

stale qi

气陷

qi fall

正气

healthy qi

气滞

qi stagnation

阳证

yang pattern

胃热证

stomach heat pattern

证型

pattern type

阴中之阴

yin within yin

阳中之阴

yin within yang

阴阳互根

mutual rooting of yin and yang

治本

treat the root

阴阳消长

waxing and wanting of yin and yang

月有阴晴圆缺

the waxing and wanting of the moon

阴阳调和

harmony of yin and yang

气血不调

disharmony of qi and blood

调和气血

harmonize the qi and the blood

和胃

harmonize stomach

和法

harmonizing method

阳盛阴虚

yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity

表实

exterior excess

实寒

excess cold

虚实夹杂

deficiency- excess complex

表证

exterior pattern

表虚

exterior deficiency

里虚

interior deficiency

里实

interior excess

表里关系

exterior-interior relation

阴阳转化

yin-yang conversion

由实转虚

conversion of excess into deficiency

阴阳格拒

yin and yang repulsion

冷热格拒

cold and heat repulsion

阳邪

yang pathogen

阴邪

yin pathogen

五行

five phases

木行

wood phase

土生金

earth engenders metal

木生火

wood engenders fire

土克水

earth restrains water

木克土

wood restrains earth

木乘土

wood overwhelms earth

水乘火

water overwhelms fire

水侮土

water rebels earth

木侮金

wood rebels metal

金侮火

metal rebels fire

母子相及

mother and child inter- affecting

Mother and child affecting each other

CHAPTER 3

先天之气

innate qi

先天之精

innate essence

后天之气

acquired qi

后天之精

acquired essence

肝肾同源

homogeny of liver and kidney

精血同源

homogeny of essence and blood

命门之火

life gate fire

气门

qi gate

虚火

deficiency fire

君火

sovereign fire / heart fire

相火

ministerial fire

正气

healthy qi

宗气

ancestral qi

元气

source qi

原穴

source point

卫分

defence aspect

卫气

defence qi

运化

transportation and transformation

气化

qi transformation

气机失调

qi dynamic disorder

气机瘀滞

qi dynamic stagnation

寒凝气滞

qi stagnation due to cold congealing

寒滞肝脉

cold stagnating in the liver vessel

肝气上逆

liver qi ascending counterflow

胃气上逆

stomach qi ascending counterflow

肝气横逆

transverse invasion of liver qi

真气

genuine qi

营气

nutrient qi

下气海

lower sea of qi

气化作用

transformation function

血虚

blood deficiency

心血

heart blood

血瘀

blood stasis

气郁

qi stagnation

活血化瘀

activate blood and resolve stasis

营卫

nutrient and defense

营分

nutrient aspect

水谷精华

the essence of water and food

水谷代谢

water-food metabolism

津液

fluid and humor

津血同源

homogeny of fluid and blood

液脱证

humor collapse pattern

气液代谢

qi-humor metabolism

中气下陷

sunken middle qi

升举中气

upraise middle qi

心神

heart spirit

神昏

spirit failing to keep to its abode

三焦

triple energizers

脾气散精

the spleen qi disperses essence

肺主通调水道

the lungs regulate the waterways

肾主水

the kidneys dominate water

肝主疏泄

the liver dominates free coursing

三焦主诸气

the triple energizers dominate all qi

肾主二便

the kidneys dominate urination and defecation

肺主宣发，主排汗和呼吸

the lung govern sweat discharge and

respiration

魂

ethereal soul

精神

essence-spirit

意

ideation

魄

corporeal soul

志

will

气血失调

disharmony of qi and blood

阴阳失调

disharmony of yin and yang

气血两虚

dual deficiency of qi and blood

气阴两虚

dual deficiency of qi and yin

气病及血

qi disease affecting the blood

阳损及阴

detriment to yang affecting yin

气不摄血

qi deficiency failing to control blood

脾不统血

spleen failing to control blood

气不化津

qi failing to transform fluid

CHAPTER 4

五脏

five viscera

中脏

viscera stroke

藏象

viscera manifestation

脉象

pulse manifestation

脏腑

viscera and bowel

六腑

six bowels

奇点

extra point

奇恒之腑

extraordinary organs

上焦

upper energizers

中焦

middle energizers

三焦

tripple energizers

心包经

pericardium channel

热入心包

heat enters pericardium

胆经

gallbladder channel

胆实热

gallbladder excess heat

小肠虚寒

deficient cold of small intestine

心热传入小肠

transmission of heart heat to the small intestine

大肠虚寒

deficient cold of large intestine

热迫大肠

heat distressing the large intestine

膀胱气化

bladder qi transformation

膀胱湿热

dampness heat of the bladder

冷凝胞宫证

pattern of cold congealing in the uterus

热入血室

heat entering the blood chamber

Blood chamber is another name of uterus

肝气犯胃

liver qi invading the stomach

风热袭肺

wind-heat invading the lung

火旺

effulgent fire

阴虚火旺

yin deficiency with effulgent fire

肺气失于宣发

lung qi failing to diffuse

肾精不足

kidney essence insufficiency

虚火上炎

deficient fire flaming upward

心火上炎

heart fire flaming upward

髓海

sea of marrow

血海

sea of blood

心胃火燔

heart-stomach fire ablaze

肝气郁滞

liver qi depression

化火

transform into fire

藏血

store blood

主疏泄

govern free coursing

少阳之气

lesser yang qi

心藏神

heart houses spirit

脾藏意

spleen houses ideation

热伤神明

heat damaging bright spirit

直中

direct strike

风中经络

wind striking meridian and collateral

风中血脉

wind striking blood vessels

清热

clear heat

燥干清窍

dryness affecting the clear orifices

升清

upbearing the clear

泌别清浊

separation of the clear and turbid

湿浊

dampness turbidity

降浊

downbear turbid

降火

downbear fire

骨蒸潮热

bone- steaming tidal fever

肾主骨

kidney govern the bone

淤阻脑络证

pattern of (blood) stasis obstructing the brain collateral

髓海

sea of marrow

髓通于脑

marrow connects to the brain

经脉

collateral vessel

血脉

blood vessel

二七天癸至

heavenly tenth arrives at the age of 2 times 7

七七天癸竭

heavenly tenth fades away at the age of 7 times 7

月经

menstruation

母乳喂养

breastfeeding

CHAPTER 5

外因

external cause

内因

internal cause

不内外因

cause neither internal nor external

外邪

external pathogen

阴邪

yin pathogen

外感

external contraction

新感

new contraction

外感风寒

external contraction of wind- cold

外感六淫

six-excess external contraction

六淫入血分

six excesses entering the blood aspect

暑湿

summerheat dampness

中暑

summerheat stroke

湿浊

dampness turbidity

下焦湿热

lower energizer dampness-heat

凉燥

cool- dryness

津枯血燥

desiccation of liquid and blood dryness

温邪

warm pathogen

温下法

warm purgation

温毒

pestilential pathogen

瘟疫论

treatise on pestilence

婴儿惊厥（惊风）

infantile convulsion

刚痉

febrile convulsion with chills

暑邪

summerheat

肝风内动

internal stirring of liver wind

目上斜视

upward squint of the eyes

疮疡

sores and ulcers

内伤

internal damage

伤阳

damage to yang

伤津

damage to fluid

七情

seven emotions

情志不遂

emotional upset

喜极伤心

excessive joy damaging the heart

怒极伤肝

excessive anger damaging the liver

忧极伤肺

excessive anxiety damaging the lung

思极伤脾

excessive thought damaging the spleen

悲极伤肺

excessive sorrow damaging the lung

恐极伤肾

excessive fear damaging the kidney

惊极伤心

excessive fright damaging the heart

劳倦

overexertion and fatigue

寒厥

cold syncope

脏厥

visceral syncope

（内脏阳气衰微所致的肢厥，

a syncope due to yang debilitation of internal organs

）

怒则气上

anger causes qi to ascend

喜则气缓

joy causes qi to slacken

悲则气消

sorrow causes qi to disperse

恐则气下

fear causes qi to descend

惊则气乱

fright causes derangement of qi

思则气结

thought causes qi to bind

忧则气郁

anxiety causes qi to be depressed

目赤

bloodshot eyes

五味偏嗜

flavor predilection

饮食偏嗜

dietary predilection

创伤学

traumatology

外伤

traumatic injury

房劳

sexual overindulgence

劳复

taxation relapse

女劳

sexual taxation

风痰

wind- phlegm

寒痰

cold-phlegm

痰饮

phlegm- retained fluid

痰湿

phlegm-dampness

水湿

water- dampness

淤血犯头

static blood invading head

痿病

wilting disease

骨痿

bone wilting

筋痿

sinew wilting

绞痛

colic pain

寒疝

cold abdominal colic

淤痰

blood stasis-phlegm

浓痰

purulent phlegm

CHAPTER 6

四诊

four diagnostic examinations

精神状态

mental state

面部表情

facial expression

面色

complexion

望小儿指纹

vein of the infant's fingers

舌象

tongue manifestation

藏象

visceral manifestation

人体

human body

舌体

tongue body

舌形

form of the tongue

制剂形式

preparation form

舌态

motility of the tongue

口眼歪斜

deviated of the tongue

歪舌

deviated tongue

落枕

stiff neck

强硬舌

stiff tongue

震颤法

trembling method

颤动舌

trembling tongue

舌根

root of the tongue

舌尖

tip of the tongue

舌边

margins of the tongue

淡红舌

pale red tongue

淡白舌

pale tongue

红舌

red tongue

绛舌

crimson tongue

青舌

blue tongue

紫舌

purple tongue

青紫舌

bluish purple tongue

嫩舌

tender-soft tongue

胖大舌

enlarged tongue

肿胀舌

swollen tongue

瘦薄舌

thin tongue

点刺舌

spotted tongue

芒刺舌

pricky tongue

齿痕舌

teeth-marked tongue

裂纹舌

fissured tongue

痿软舌

limp wilting tongue

麻痹舌

paralyzed tongue

吐弄舌

protruded agitated tongue

短缩舌

contracted tongue

地图舌

geographical tongue

舌苔

tongue fur

腻苔

slimy fur

滑苔

slippery fur

苔色

fur color

舌色

tongue color

中剥苔

centre peeling fur

根剥苔

root peeling fur

苔质

texture of fur

润苔

moist fur

燥苔

dry fur

燥裂苔

dry and cracked fur

前剥苔

anterior peeling fur

镜面舌

mirror tongue

类剥苔

exfoliated fur

淡红色薄白苔

red tongue with thin white fur

红舌薄黄干苔

red tongue with thin, yellow and dry fur

命关

life bar

舌诊

tongue diagnosis

望舌

inspection of the tongue

CHAPTER 7

口气

mouth odor

汗味

sweat odor

倒经

inverted menstruation

白带

white vaginal discharge

黄带

yellow vaginal discharge

恶露不下

retention of the lochia

恶露不绝

persistent flow of lochia

口臭

fetid mouth odor

halitosis

把脉

take pulse

病脉

morbid pulse

三部九侯

three positions and nine indicators

布指

寸口脉

wrist pulse

寸口诊法

wrist pulse- taking method

人迎脉

carotid pulse

趺阳脉

anterior tibial pulse

寸，关，尺

cun/inch, guan/bar and chi/cubit

诊尺肤

cubit skin examination

指法

finger technique

叩击法

tapping technique

举，按，寻

lifting, pressing and searching

推寻

pulse searching

平脉

tranquil pulse

燥脉

agitated pulse

按诊

body palpation

按腧穴

acupuncture point palpation

病色

morbid complexion

病脉

morbid pulse

浮脉

floating pulse

孤阳上越

deficiency yang floating upward

沉脉

sunken pulse

脾气下陷

sunken spleen qi

中气下陷

sunken middle qi

单按

pressing with one finger

总按

simultaneous palpation

浮脉

floating pulse

沉脉

sunken pulse

迟脉

slow pulse

数脉

rapid pulse

虚脉

vacuous pulse

实脉

replete pulse

洪脉

surging pulse

细脉

fine pulse

滑脉

slippery pulse

涩脉

rough pulse

弦脉

string-like pulse

结脉

bound pulse

相兼脉

combined pulse

芤脉

hollow pulse

散脉

dissipated pulse

革脉

drumskin pulse

伏脉

hidden pulse

牢脉

firm pulse

阳明腑证

yang brightness bowel pattern

缓脉

moderate pulse

缓脉（不正常）

relaxed pulse

疾脉

racing pulse

大脉

large pulse

长脉

long pulse

濡脉

soggy pulse

弱脉

weak pulse

短脉

short pulse

微脉

faint pulse

动脉

stirred pulse

紧脉

tight pulse

代脉

intermittent pulse

促脉

skipping pulse

驱寒

dissipate cold

散瘀

dissipate stasis

风动

stirring wing

阴虚动风

yin deficiency with stirring wind