-
物
流
英
语
p>
(
05362
)
第一单元
-----
物流概论
(
General
introduction to logistics)
一、试题第一部分:词汇与语法(单项选择)
1
、
Do you hear
that logistics has become a hot career?It sounds
too good to be true.
(
4
星)
你听说
物流已成为一个热门的职业吗
?
这听起来好得令人难以置信。<
/p>
2
、
The
aim of inventory management is to minimize the
amount of material in
stock.(4
星)
库存管理的目的是最小化库存材料的数量。
3
、
If the ship had
sailed along the recommended route,it would have
been able to avoid the heavy
weather
.(6
星)
如果船航行在推荐的路线
,
就能够避免恶劣天气
。
4
、
Managers mst
establish and implement inventory plan on the
basis of strategic
considerations.(3
星)
管理者必须在战略考虑的基础上建立和实施库存计划。
5
、
Don
’
t forget to refer to the book ERP in the
process of planning resources in your
enterprise.(2
星)
不要忘
了在你的企业规划资源的过程中,参考
ERP
。
6
、
The
supermarket group has to purchase 400 TEU of cargo
from China every
year
.(4
星)
p>
连锁超市每年从中国购买
400
标箱货物。
7
、
Most experts
agree that the annual expenditure to perform
logistics in the US was just under 10% of the 1994
gross national
product.(2
星)
大多数专家认为,在美国物流运营每年的支出是
1994
年国民生产总值的
10
%以下。
8
、
The storage
expenses will be for your account if you place an
order of 100000 tons of roll steel at a time. My
workshop use only ten
tons a
month.(4
星)
如果你同一时间放置
10
万吨订购的轧辊钢,你需
要从你的帐户支付存储费用。我的车间一个月只使用十吨。
9
、
The sites of
warehouse are determined by customer and
manufacturing locations and product
requirements.(5
星)
仓库的地点由客户和生产地点以及产品要求确定。
二、
重点单词(中英互译或选择):
Logistics
物流
warehouse
仓储
inventory
库存
procurement
获得,获取
packaging
包装
inbound
往内地的,归航
outbound
开往外地的
handling
搬运,装卸
coordination
协调
strategic
战略上的
planning
设计,计划
material
handling
材料搬运
transport
运输
forecasting
预测
strategic
planning
战略规划
purchasing
采购
handle
运用,搬运
material
handling
材料搬运
customer service
客户服务
Warehousing
仓储
Coordinate
合作,协作
advent
到来
process
过程
requirment
要求
Average
平均的,平常的
route
路线
wholesaler
批发商
facility
设备,工具
potentiality
潜力
Distribution
配送
三、英译汉
1.
it is
recognizded in industrialied countries that
logistics is now the last frontier for increasing
benefits in industrial production.
在工业化国家里,物流是工业生产
中增加利润的最后一关,这一点已有共识。
overall
goal of logistics is to achieve a targeted level
of customer service at the lowest possible total
cost.
物流的整体目标是以最低的成本取得预期的顾客服务水平。
distribution or market channel is
perhaps the least understood business area.
配送渠道或市场渠道也许是人们知道得最少的商业领域。
4
、
Logistics is a
unique global”pipeline” that operates
24 hours a day ,seven da
ys a week and
52 weeks a year ,planning and coordinating
the transport and delivery of products
and service to custmers the world over.
物流作为一种独特的全球
“
运输管道<
/p>
”
,一天
24
小
时,一周
7
天,一年
52
周不间断的运营着,计划和协调全球产品和服务的运输
和交付。
5
、
However,
when is comes to modern logistics, most
professionals in the business consider it one of
the most challenging and exciting
jobs
,invisible as it is.
但是,说到现代物流,业内专业人士认为
,尽管看不见摸不着,但却是最富有挑战性和最激动人心的工作。
6
、
Logistics is
that part of the supply chain process that plans
,implements and controls the efficient, effective
flow and storage of
goods ,service and
related information from the point of origin to
the point of consumption to meet
custom
ers’ requirements.
物流是供应链的一部分,计划、执行和控制产品、服务及相关信息从原产地到消费地的及时有效
流动和存储以满足客户要求。
7
、
T
he
audience wer confident that they would be able to
herald the new economic growth if they could make
headway in
1
logistics.
听众们坚信,
如果他们能够在物流上取得进展他们就能促进经济的新增长。
8
、
It is through
the logistical process that materials flow into
the vast manufacturing capacity of an industrial
nation and products are
distributed
through marketing channels to consumers.
正是通过物流过程原材料才得以流入工业国家巨大的制造机器中,产品才得以通过市场这个渠道流向顾客。< /p>
9
、
Logistics is
complex,in China alone,the market structure
involves more than 20 million retailing networks
and more than 2 million
wholesal
ers’
networks.
物流复杂极了,仅在中国的市场上就有<
/p>
2000
多万个零售网点和
200
多万个批发网点。
10
、
One expert
holds the view that logistics is an iceberg,only
the top of which is is unseen is much bigger.
有一位专家认为,物流是一座冰山,人们只看到了冰山的水面上那部分,水下未见的那部分更大
。
11
、
In the
beginning
,
companies that
could afford inventory were able to satisfy
customer demand.
在早期,有库存能力的公司能够满足顾客的要求。
12
、
Quite a number
of companies achieved success by creating value
throughout domestic and global supply chains.
相当多的公司通过遍及国内和全世界的供应链创造价值而获得成功
.
四、汉译英
1.
物流管理的基本概念适用于所有
私营企业和公用企业。(
concepts
)
< br>
The basic (
基本
)concepts
(概念)
of
logistics management are
applicable
(适用)
throughout
private
(私营)
and
public
(公用)
enterprise
(企业)
activities
。
2.
物流对国内经济和全球经济有巨
大影响。(
impact
—
影响)
p>
Logistics has
huge
(巨大)
impact
on domestic
(国内)
and
global
economy
(全球经济)
.
3.
物流对经济发展起了很大的推动作用。(
promote)
p>
Logistics plays a very
important (
很大
)role in
promoting
(推动)
economic
development
(发展)
.
4.
物流已经变成一种职业,注重战略思维,分析技术和采用技术型工具
(value).
Logistics has become a
profession
(职业)
that values(
注重
)
strategic
thinking
(战略思维)
,analytical
p>
(分析)
skills
(技能,
技术)
,and the use of technology-
based tools
(采用技术型工具)
.
5.
现在从事物流行业的收于高于平均数
(aver
age).
Nowadays
(现在)
people in logistics
business
(行业)
have
an income
(收入)
higher than the average.
6.
国际红十字会的工作就像一个活动的仓库(
mobile
—
活动,移动)
The International Red Cross
operates
(工作)
like
a mobile
(活动)
warehouse.
7.
在佐治亚洲(
Georgia
)的亚特兰大(<
/p>
Atlanta
)举行的夏季奥运会上,物流的费用为
2500
多万美元
(logistics)
More than USD 25
million
(百万)
was
spent
(花费)
on
logistics for the Summer Olympics in Atlanta
,Georgia.
8.
外国公司出现将有助于物流在中国的
发展
(
contribute).
The appearance
(
出现
) of
foreign
(国外)
companies will
contributes
(有助于)
to the development of logistics in
china.
9.
我喜欢对问题进行详细的分析
(
analysis).
I like to carry out detailed
(详细)
analysis
(分析)
of a
problem
(问题)
.
10.<
/p>
为了保证物流的及时性,就要求一定的库存存在
(
inventory)
。
To ensure
(保证)
the timeliness
(及时性)
of logistics ,it is
important
(要求)
to keep
(保持)
a
certain
(一定)
level
(水
平)
of inventory.
11.
仓储可以作为上游物流和下游物流运输服务的补偿。(
comp
lement
)
Warehousing
is
sometimes
needed,and
can
be
provided,to
complement
inbound
and
outbound
transportation
services.
五、英语简答
1
、
How many
sectors of economic activities are involved in
logistics?What are they?
有多少部门经济活动参与物流
p>
?
他们是什么
?
Generally there
are eight economic sectors involved in logistics.
They are
packaging,warehousing,material
handling,inventory,transport,forecasting,strategic
planning and customer service.
第二单元
----
一个重要因素
(
An
important factor)
一、词汇与语法(单项选择题)
1
、
It is through
the logistical process that products are
distributed through marketing channels to
consumers.(5
星)
通过物流过程,产品得以经过营销渠道分发给消费者。
2
、
The big city
has a multi-cultural population with a growing
industrial base.(3
星)
大城市拥有一个不断增长的工业基础的多元文化人口。
2
3
、
The
classification of products is necessary for the
application of selective
inventory.(5
星)
产品的分类是必要的选择性的库存中的应用。
4
、
Generally
speaking,bread(cigarettes) can be found in a
bakery(tobacconist
’
s) shop.<
/p>
(
4
星)
p>
一般来说
,
面包
(
香烟
)
可以在一个面包店(烟草商)的
商店找到。
5
、
As is known to
all ,the GDP will rise as logistics cost in reduce
d.
(
1
星)
众所周知,随着物流成本的降低,国内生产总值将上升。
6
、
Logistics was
formerly called physical
distribution.(3
星)
物流以前被称为物品配送。
7
、
One of the key
point in distribution of product is whether it is
available where the customer wishes to consume it
.(3
星)
产品配送中的一个关键点是客户希望消费的地方它是否可用。
8
、
We must
distribute the products to as many places as
possible so that our customers find it
convinient
(方便的)
to get them.(2
星)
我们必
须将产品配送到尽可能多的地方让我们的客户发现它感到方便。
9
、
For analytical
purposes,it is useful to describe the 80-20 curve
mathematically.(2
星)
< br>为了方便分析,它用数学方法描述
80-20
曲线非常有
用。
10
、
Item would
have a intermediate distribution strategy where
few regional warehouses are used
.(4
星)
一些商品将有一个中间的分销策略,很少使用区域仓库。
二、重点单词(中英互译或选择)
strategy
策略,战略
physical
物理
availability
可利用的
ultimate
最后,最终
outlet
出口,出路
accessibility
易接近,可到达
furnishing
设备,陈设品
brand
商标,牌子
offer
提供
pattern
模式
patronage
赞助
deliberation
熟思,商议
acknowledge
承认,了解
preference
优先选择
specialty
products
特殊产品
shopping
products
购买型产品
Spectification
说明书,产品说明,规格说明
convenience
products
便利型产品
consumer
products
消费类产品
universally
普通的
custom-made
定做的,定制的
三、英译汉
1
、
An
important(
重要
)
characteristic
(特征)
of any product
(产品)
is it availability at
the place where a customer
wishes
(希望)
to
consume it
。
任何产品的一个重要特征就是在顾客需要它时能买到它。
p>
2
、
Consumer
(消费者)
products
(产品)
are those
(那些)
that are directed
(
直接
)to
ultimate
(终端)
consumers
消费类产品是指直接面对终端消费者的产品。
3
、
Convenience
(便利型)
products are those
goods and services that consumers
purchase
(采购)
frequently(
经常
),
immediately
(及时)
, and with
little comparative
shopping
(货比三家)
.
Typical
(典型)
products are
banking
(银行)
services, tobacco
items
(烟草产品)
, and many
foodstuffs
(食物)
.
便
利型产品是指消费者需要经常、
及时购买并且不十分需要比较差价的产品和服务。
银行业务、
烟草产品和许多食物都是典型的
便
利型产品。
4
、
Shopping
products are those for which consumers are
willing
(愿意)
to
seek
(寻找)
and
compare
(比较)
: comparing in
many
locations
(地点)
the price
(价格)
,quality
(质量)
, and
performance
(性能)
, and making
a purchase
(采购)
only after
careful
(谨慎)
delib
eration
(深思熟虑)。
购买
型产品是消费者愿意到处寻寻觅觅比较价格、质量和性能,三思之后才作出购买决定的产品。
5
、
Specialty
(特殊)
products are
those for which buyers
(买家)
are willing to
expend
(花费)
a
substantial
(大量)
effort and
often to wait a
significant amount of time in order to
acquire
(获得)
them
。
特殊产品是指买家愿意花费大量精
力并为了获得它们可以忍受长的等待时间的产品。
6
、
In
customer
(顾客)
service
performance
(绩效)
,availability
(可用性)
means
(方法)
providing
(提供)
a product
(产品)
or material
(原料)
on a
predictable
(预测)
basis
(基础)
.
在客户服务绩效方面,可用性就是在预测的基础上提供产品和原料。
7
、
Availability
p>
(可用性)
depends
(取决于
)
on
keeping a
safe
stock
(安全库存)
and
how fast the stock is filled
up
(
填满
)according
to
(根据)
orders
(订单)。
可用性取决于安全库存以及根据订单填满库存有多快。
8
、
Performance is
the ability
(能力)
to achieve
(达到)
a
predetermined(
预期
)
speed
(速度)
,
consistency(
一致性
) and
flexibility
(灵活性)
in delivery
(交付)
.
绩效是交付货物时达到预期的速度,取得一致性和灵活性的能力。
9
、
The
development
(开发)
and
maintenance(
维持
) of
quality
(质量)
performance are
based
(基础)
on
continuous
(连续)
measurement
(衡量)
of
logistical
operations
(物流作业)
.
质量绩效的开发和维持是以对物流作业持续不断的衡量为基础的。
10
、
Logistics in
industrialized
(工业化)
countries is now
the
last
(最后)
fron
tier
(空间)
for
increasing
(增加)
benefits
(利润)
in
industrial
production
(工业生产)
.
工业化国家的物流是增加工业生产利润的最后空间。
11
、
It is
important(
重要
) to
fully(
完整
)
understand
(理解)
cu
stomer
(顾客)
service
deliverables
(交付)
when
establishing
(确
3
定)
logistical strategy.
在确定物流策略时,完整理解客户服务的可交付性是重要的。
12
、
Basic
(基本)
customer service is
defined(
衡量
) in terms of
availability, performance and
reliability
(可靠性)
.
基本的客户服务是从可得性、绩效性和可靠性三方面来衡量的。
13
、
Little
else
(其他)
is
significant
(重要)
if
(如果)
the customer
’
s
expectations
(期望)
are not fully
met(
没有完全实现
).
如果客户的期望值没有完全实现,其他任何东西就都不重要了。
14
、
Logistical
performance should
(应该)
be modified
(调整)
over time
(随时)
to
accommodate
(以适应)
changing
(不断
变化)
marketing requirements.
物流绩效应随时调整以适应不断变化的市场需求。
15
、
A
fundamental
(基本)
quality
(质量)
issue
(问题)
in logistics is the
ability
(能够)
to
comply
(遵守)
to
levels(
水平
) of
planned inventory availability and
operational
(操作)
performance.
物流中的基本质量问题就是能够遵守计划库存可得性的水平和
操作绩效。
四、汉译英
1
、
在今天的工业社会里,物流扮演的角色越来越
重要,这已有共识。(
acknowledge-
承认)
In
today
’
s
industrial(
工业
)
society
(社会)
, it is a
universally acknowledge
fact
(已是公认的事识)
that logistics is playing a more
and more
(越来越)
important
role
(角色)
.
2
、实现顾客的期望值是成功物流的一个核心战略。(
strategy
)
Realization(
实现
)
of customer
’
s
expectation
(顾客期望值)
is a core strategy
(核心战略)
of successful
logistics.
(成功物流)。
3
、实现物流高效率离不开实物运输工具在技术上的不断改进。(
physical
物事,实物)
Achievement
(实现)
of logistics high
efficiency
(高效)
can't be realized without physical
vehicles' continuous
(不断)
improvement
in
technology
(技术改进)。
4
、
物流的最终质量要求就是把每件事都做对并在第一时间做
对。(
ultimate-
最终)
The ultimate (
最终
) in logistics
quality
(质量)
is to
do everything right and do it right the first time
。
5
、食物
是典型的方便性消费品(
typical
)。
< br>
Foodstuffs(
食物
)
are typical
(典型
)
convenience
(便利型)
products
(产品)。
p>
6
、汽车,房子是人们要经过深思熟虑后
才能购买的产品(
deliberation
-
深思熟虑)。
Automobiles(
汽车
)
and houses are products that people can
buy
(购买)
after
(后)
careful
(谨慎,小心)
deliberat
ion.
(深思熟
虑)
7
、因为市场的不断开拓,公司今年年底的效益一定非常可观。(
substantial-
可观)
By the end of this year
,
(
今年年底
)the compan
y’
s
(
公司)
profits
(
利润,
效益)
must be very
substantial with
increasing
(增加)
market
expansion
(扩张,开拓)。
8
、
许多公司都在努力创造自己的特色
品牌以引导消费者偏好。(
preference-
偏好)
p>
Many
firms(
公司
) are
trying
(努力)
to
create
(创造)
their
(自己)
unique
(独特)
brand
(品牌)
in order to
guide
(以引导)
customers
’
preference.
9
、产品可
以分为工业用品和消费用品两种(
category-
类别)<
/p>
Products can be
divided(
分
)
into
two categories
:(两类)
industrial products and
consumer products
。
< br>10
、有效的产品配送模式能够给整个物流过程节省大量时间(
< br>pattern-
模式)
Effective(
有效
)
products
distribution
(配送)
patterns can
save
(节省)
a
great
deal
(大量)
of time for the
whole logistics process
。
五、英语简答
1
、
What are
consumer products?
Consumer products
are theose that are directed to ultimate cosumers.
(2
分
)
According to the three
different ways in which consumers select goods and
services and where they buy them,
consumer
products
can
be
put
into
three
categories:
convenience
products,
shopping
products
and
specialty
products.
2
、
What is the
80-20 curve in logistics planning?
This concept is derived
from the fact that the bulk of the sales are
generated from relatively few products in the
product line.
This
simply
means
80
percent
of
a
firm
’
s
sales
are
generated
by
20
percent
of
the
product
line
items.
An
exact
80-20
ratio
is
rarely
observed,but the disproportionality
between sales and the number of items is generally
true.
第三单
元
----
运输
(
transportation)
一、词汇与语法(单项选择)
1
p>
、
We
’
ve
studied all our competitors
’
catalogs.(5
星)
我们已经研究了所有竞争对手的产品目录。
4
2
、
Jim is
president of a medium-sizing firm that makes mini-
motor homes in Michigan.(4
星)
吉姆是一家中等规模的公司的总裁
,他的公司在密歇根制造微型汽车。
3
、
This is called
the tapering principle.(1
星)
这就是所谓的逐渐减少的原则。
4
、
There is
,however ,a well-defined order in which the
components can be installed in the vehicle most
efficiently.(3
星)。
然而
,
一个组件按明确规定的顺序就可以最有效的安装在车辆
上。
5
、
Recently,it
has
become
clear
to
Jim
that
transportation
and
inventory
costs
are
a
relatively
large
portion
of
his
component
parts
expenses.(1
星)
最近,吉姆已经明确表示,运输和
库存成本是他的构成成本中一个相对较大的一部分。
6
、
He had been
hearing about
“
just-in-
time
”
systems.(1
星)
他已经听说了关于准时制系统。
7
、
The firm has
expanded from a local one to a national
one.(2
星)
这家公司从一个地方扩充到了全国。
8
、
Excuse me ,but
I don
’
t quite follow
you.I
’
m
confused.(2
星)
对不起
,
但我不十分明白你的意思。我困惑。
9
、
Overhead and
inventory carrying costs are always present but
may be allocated in a variety of
ways.(2
星)
管理费用和库存的成本总是存在的,但可以以多种方式分配。
10
、
Virtually the
entire product is assembled from components
purchased from outside
vendors.(6
星)
几乎整个产品组装的组件都是从外部供应商购买。
二、重点单词
zero inven
tory
零库存
containerterminal/ter
minal
集装箱码头,
(
航空或汽车运输
)
站点
broker-
经纪人
replace-
取代,替换
JIT ( just-in-time )
准时制
Transportation
Rate(s)
运费费率
forwarding agency
货运代理公司
Performance
性能,绩效
movement
运动
cost
成本
freightforwarde
r-
货运代理人
International trade
国际贸易
variable costs
可变成本
container
terminal
集装箱码头
Transportation-
运输
available-
可利用的
component-
部分,配件
performance-
履行
distinguish-
区别
rate-
比率
primarily-
主要的
competition-
竞争
carrier
–
船,承运人
mid
dleman-
中间人
delivery-
交付
fund-
基金
assembly-
装配
volatile-
p>
可变的
shipper
托运人,发货人
pricing
定价
local service
本地服务
三、英
译汉
1
、
Fortunately(
幸好<
/p>
), there exist(
存在
)
middlemen(
中间商
),
agents(
代理商
), freight
forwarders(
货代
), and
brokers(
经纪人
) to
assist(
帮
助
) the
shipper(
托运人
) with
international movement(
国际贸易往来
)
。
幸运的是
,
有许多中间商
,
代理商
,
货代和经纪人帮助托运人进行国际贸易往来
.
2
、
Fortunately,
there exist agents, freight forwarders,brokers and
so on to assist the shipper with international
movement
。
幸运的是
,
存在代理、货运代理、经纪人等帮助托运人
进行国际贸易往来。
3
、
The cost
characteristics (
特点
)vary
from one mode to another and
determine(
决定
) their rate
structures(
费率结构
).
几个模式的成本的特点各有千秋
,
决定了费率结构有所不同<
/p>
.
4
、
The
choices(
选择
)
available
(可用的)
to
the users(
用户
)
typically(
通常
)
include(
包括
) the five major
(
主要
)transport
modes(
模
式
) (air,
truck, rail, water, and pipe) and their
combinations(
组合
).
用户一般可以选择五大运输模式
(
飞机
,
汽车
,
铁路
,
水路和管道运输
),
也可以互相结
合运用
.
5
、
Transport may (
可能
)account
(占)
for one-third to two
–
thirds of
total
(整个)
logistics
costs
(成本)
.
交通运输可能
占整个物流成本的
1/3
到
2/3.
6
、
On the other
hand(
另一方面
), carrier
performance(
船舶绩效
) is
based(
根据
) on the
extent
(程度)
of
shipment(
装船
) handing at
terminals and inherent speed of the
carrier(
船本身的速度
).
另一方面
,
船舶绩效取决于码头上的装卸能力以及船本身的速度
.
7
、
The
transportation
equipment(
设备
)
is
the
same(
一样
)
as
that
used(
所用
)
domestically
(
国内
),with
the
exception
that
certain
elements(
某些元素
) of
the transport system(
系统
)
have become more important
(
变
得更加重要
)
.
运输设备和国内所
用的一样
,
但是运输系统的某此要素变得更加重要。
8
、
Variable
costs
are
those
costs
that
change
in
a
predictable<
/p>
,
direct
manner
inrelation
to
some
level
of
activity
during
a
time
period
.
可变成本是指在一段时间内所发生的费用,通常以一种可以预计的、与某种层次的活动直接有关的形式而变化 。
四、汉译英
1
、
虽然这主要是承运人应当注意的事情,但托运人的看法
也很重要。(
pay attention
to
—
注意)
The shipper
’
s(
托运人
)
perspective
(看法)
about it is
important
(重要)
,though
(虽然)
it is chiefly
(主要)
something
(事情)
that the
carriers
(承运人)
should
(应该)
pay
attention to
(注意)。
2
、
几个模式的成本特点各有千秋
,
决定了费率结构有所不同
.(vary-
变化
,determine-
确定
)
The cost
characteristics(
特点
) vary
form one
modes
(
模式)
to another and
determine
(
决定)
their
(
他们的)
rate
(
费率)
structures
5
(结构)。
3
、
费率主要由三方面决定
----
-
运输距离、船运货物的大小以及市场竞争。(
be
based
on-
根据)
Rates(
费率
) are
based primarily (
主要
) on
three factors
(因素
)----distanc
e(
距离
) , shipment size and
competition.
4
、
p>
运输是物流系统中设计和管理的一个重要部分,可能占整个物流成本的
1/3
到
2/3.(account
for-
占
)
Transportation is a
vital(
重要
)
component
(部分)
in
the design
(设计)
and
management
(管理)
of
logistics systems
(系统)
.It
may account for one-third to two-thirds
of total logistics costs.
5
、
成本分配是影响定价的诸多因素之一。(
affect
)
Cost
allocation(
分配
) is one of the
many factors
(因素)
that affect
(影响)
pricing
(定价)
.
6
、除例外的情况,运输费率至少必须弥补变动成本。(
at least
—
至少)
Aside from
exceptional(
特殊
) circumstance
s
(
情况
)
,transport rates
(
运输费率
)
must at lea
st
(
至少
)
cover variable costs
(
变动
成本
)。
7
、国际运输系统的用户面对越来越厚的文书上,不同的承运责任,不一样的
海关手续和外贸区的适用规则感到手足无措(
be
overwhelmed
)。
The user (
用户
)of
the international transportation
system
(系统)
may
(可能)
feel
(
感觉)
overwhelmed by the increased
(增加)
documentation
(文档,
文书)
, by
differences
(差异)
in carrier
liability
(责任)
, by various
(不一样)
customs
(海关)
procedures
(手续)
and the use of foreign
trade zones
(外贸区)
.
8
、我们得把大宗货物分成小批量(
divide
—
分成)。
We
have to divide
(
分成
)
large
shipments(
货物
) into small
ones
。
五、英语简答
1
、
How can we
distinguish one transport service from another?
Transport
services are best described by their cost and
performance characteristics.
These distinguish one
transport service from another,and it is what a
user buys from the transportation system.
The cost
characteristics vary from one mode to another and
determine their rate structures.
第四单元
----
物流战略
(
Logistics
strategy)
一、词汇与语法(单项选择)
1
、
Inventories are
stockpiles of raw
materials,supplies,components,work in process and
finished goods that appear at numerous points
throughout a
firm
’
s production and
logistics channel.(4
星)
库存是在一个公司的生产和物流渠
道中出现的大量的原材料、供应、部件、加工和成品的库存。
2
、
Inventories
are
frequently
found
in
such
places
as
warehouses,yards,shop
floors,transportation
equipment
,and
on
retail
store
shelves.(3
星)
存货等经常在仓库,堆场,车间地板,交通运输设备,以及零售商店的货架上发现。
3
、
Having
these inventories on hand can cost between 20 and
40 percent of their value per year.
(
3
星)
现有这些库存成本每年占存货价值
的
20
到
40%
。
4
、
T
herefore,carefully managing inventory levels makes
good economic sense.(2
星)
因此,仔细管理库存水平,具有良好的经济意义。
5
、
One of the
seller
’
s responsibilities
under DAF (Delivered at Frontieer)is to bear all
the costs and risks to make the goods
available to the buyer at a nominated
destination.(1
星)
卖方的其中一个责任在先行交付时
承担所有费用和风险,确保在指定的目的地将货物完好交付买方。
6
、
Operating
systems usually cannot be designed to economically
respond to customer requests for product or
service in an
instantaneous
manner
.(3
星)
运营系
统通常不能被设计为客户请求的产品或服务作瞬间的经济响应方式。
7
、
Holding
inventories fosters economies in purchasing and
transportation.(3
星)
持有库存促进经济采购和运输。
8
、
Forward buying
involves the purchasing of additional quantities
of products at a lower current price rather than
at higher
anticipated future
prices.(2
星)
提出购买包
括购买额外数量的产品基于当前价格较低,而不是在预期未来价格上涨。
9
、
If prices are
expected to rise in the future,some inventory
resulting from forward buying can be
justified.(4
星)
如果价格有望在未来上涨,提前购买一些库存起来是合理的。
10
、
Just consider
why a firm might want inventories at some level in
their operations and why they would also want to
keep
them at a
minimum.(2
星)。
试想为
什么一个公司希望在其业务需要上保持一定水平库存,为什么他们也想保持库存在最低限度。
二、重点单词
1
、
Strategy--
策略,
战略
inventory
cost
—
库存成本
storage
cost
—
存储成本
tax-
税收
insurance
—
保险
obsolescence--
损耗
< br>
balance
—
6
平衡
play
a
role--
发挥作用
on
one
hand
??
on
the
other
一方面
,
另一方面
be
based
on
根据
ov
erstock
—
库存过剩
result in
导致
obsolescence
cost--
损耗成本
peg--<
/p>
固定、限制
levy
—
< br>征收
Quantity--
数
量
deterioration
—
变坏
、退化、堕落
combined
—
组合
的,结合的
replace
—
取代、替换
identify--
识别,鉴别
maintenance--
维护,
保养
f
ormulation
—
用公式表示
i
p>
nterest-
利息
cash--
现金
三、英译汉
1
、
This means the
more you have in the
form
(形式)
of
inventory ,the more you have to
pay
(付出)
to keep
the inventory
(
保持
库
存
)
.
这意味着以库存形式储存的越
多,你为了保持库存所付出的就越多。
2
、
The
logic
(逻辑)
behind
(背后)
it is that the cash
(现金)
to
replace
(代替)
capit
al
(
本金)
invested
(投资)
in inventory
can be
purchased
(购买)
in
the money market
(货币市场)
.
其暗含的逻辑是用于代替投资在库存上的本金的现金可在货币市场买到。
3
、
For the time
being (
存在
)we are
concerned(
关心
)
only
(仅)
with the
question(
问题
) of how
much
(多少)
we have
to pay
(必
须支付)
for obsolescence cost
(无形损耗费)。
在这里我们仅关心我们必须支付多少无形损耗费的问题。
4
、
In many
countries , taxes(
税
) are
levied
(征收)
on the
average inventory level
(水平)
on a specific
(特定)
day of the year.
许多国家,按一年中某一特定日子的平均库存水平征收税款。
does not
mean(
意味着
) the more you have
(有)
in the
form
(形式)
of
inventory, the richer
(富)
you are.
这并不意味着你以库存的形式存放的货物越多,你就越富。
6
、
The
interest
(利息)
accrues on the
capital(
资本
)
invested
(投资)
in
the carrying inventory.
利息随着投资在存货上的本金的多少而增减。
7.
Obsolescence
(
损耗)
means the deterioration
(
退化,
老旧了)
of
product in storage and is not covered
(<
/p>
覆盖,
包含)
by
insurance(
保
险
)
损耗表示仓库中的产品老旧了,这是不包含在保险范围内的。
8
、
The storage
cost
(储存成本)
incurs
(产生)
in respect of product
holding(
保管
).
储存成本产生于产品保管。
9
、
Not many people
are driving
(主动)
pickups
(皮卡)
of that vintage
and we don
’
t keep
stocks
(库存)
of any
spark plugs
(火
花塞)
for such
(这样)
old cars
(汽车)
.
没有多少人开那些年出的皮卡了,我们没有这种老爷车的火花塞。
10
、
I’
m
sure
(肯定)
they
will
(他们将)
transport it by
air and you can get it on the same
day
(当天)
.
我肯定他们将空运,当天就能收到。
四、汉译英
1.
库存被认为是增值的一个手段。
(
view
…
as
—
被视为)
Inventory
is viewed as(
被视为
) playing a
role in the value-added
(增值)
process.
2
、
在对库存做计划方面,我们需要考虑三个基本问题(
be concerned with
–
考虑)
In inventory
planning(
计划
) , we should be
able to answer three
basic
(基本)
questions
(问题)
.
p>
3
、
保险费一般根据预计风险或风险次数直
接征收。(
be basde on
–
根据)
Insurance cost
(
保险费
)is a
direct
(
直接)
levy
(征收)
< br>normally
(通常,
一般)
based on
estimated
(预计)
risk
(风险)
or exposure
over
time
。
4
、库存过量不仅增加仓储方面的费用,也增加其它方面费用。(
overstock-
库存过剩
,aspect-
方面)
p>
Overstock(
过剩
) of
the inventory will incur expenses not
only
(仅)
in
warehousing
(仓储)
,but also in
many aspects
(方面)
.
5
、
一方面本金随着批量大小而改变;
另一方面,
利息随着投资在运输存货上的本金的多少而增减。
(
on one hand
…
.;on
the other
…
.
一方面,另一方面)
On the
one hand
,capital
(
本金)
cost increase
(增加)
with the lot
size(
批量
).on the other hand,
the interest
(利息)
accrues on the
capital
invested
(投资)
in
the carrying
inventory
(运输库存)
.
五、英文简答
1
、
.
What will happen if you keep an
overstock of the inventory?
Inventory
is viewed as playing a rule in the value-added
process.(1
分
)
But this does
not mean the more you have in the form of
inventory the richer you are.
(1
分
)
If you keep an overstock of
inventory, expenses will incur not noly in
warehousing, but also in many aspects, such
as the capital cost, insurance,
obsolescence cost and srorage cost.
(3
分
)
第五单元
-----
包装
(
Packaging)
7
一、词汇与语法(单项选择题)
1
、
Industrial
packaging has a significant impact on the cost and
productivity of
logistics.(5
星)
工业性包装对物流成本与物流生产力有很大的影响。
2
、
Packaging can
be divided into industrial packaging and consumer
packaging.(2
星)
包装可以分为工业性包装与消费性包装二大类。
3
、
First,it should
protect the goods from damage during handling
,storing and
transportation.(4
星)
首先,它必须防止商品在搬运、存储和运输过程中受损坏。
4
、
The easier it
is to handle a product,the lower the
transportation rate will
be.(2
星)
产品搬运越容易,运输费用就会越低。
5
、
Greedy
manufactures avoid doing their share toward
cleaning up the
environment.(1
星)
贪婪的制造商回避他们清洁环境的责任。
6
、
Our manager
suggests that we should load the goods as soon as
possible.(2
星)
我们的经理建议我们应该尽快装载货物。
7
、
A growing
number of customers require that product be
tracked as it moves through the supply
chain.(5
星)
越来越多的客户要求产品在供应链中移动时被跟踪。
8
、
He cannot be
really happy if he is forced by his boss to do
what he does not enjoy
doing.(3
星)
如果他被老板强迫做他不喜欢做的事,他就不会真的很高兴。
9
、
He spends most
of his spare time studying
logistics.(4
星)
他把大部分业余时间都花在学习物流上。
10
、
The advantage
of Third Party Logistics is considered in term of
money saved.(1
星)
第三方物流的优势被认为是节约资金。
二、重点单词
Packaging<
/p>
—
包装
p>
facilitate
—
使容易,帮助,促
进
verification
p>
—
证实,核实
specification
—
规格,
规格说明
frequency
—
p>
频率
identification
p>
—
识别,鉴定
checkpoint
—
检查点
potentially
—
潜在地,可能地
franchise
—
特许,特权
trash
—
垃圾
disposal--
处理,支配
repellent
—
使人反感的,排斥的
Uiversal Product Code (UPC)
通用商品代码
Radio Frequency
Identification
无线电频率识别系统
Transportation
Rate
运费费率
dispose
处
理,布置
function
功能
con
sumer packaging
消费性包装
Channel
渠道,航道
recycling--
回收再利用
damage--
损坏
chip--
芯片
三、英译汉
1
、
We have
especially
(特别)
reinforced
(加固)
our packaging in order
to minimize
(最小化)
the
extent
(程度,
范围)
of any
possible
(可能)
damage
(破损)
to the goods .
为使货物可能遭到的损害减到
最小,我们已对包装进行了特别加固。
2
、
The packaging
is strong
(坚固)
enough (
足以
)to
stand
(经受)
rough
(粗
暴)
handling(
装卸,搬运
).
这种包装很坚固足以经受粗放的装卸。
3
、
You shall
(将)
be
held
(保持)
liable
(负责)
for any loss
(损失)
resulting
(导致)
from improper
(不当)
packaging.
因包装不当而造成的损失应由你方负责。
4
、
Owing
(由于)
to
improper
(不当)
packaging, the goods are
terribly
(严重)
damaged
(破损)
.
由于不当包装,货物严重破损。
5
、
We
hope
(希望)
the
packaging will be of a
brighter
(鲜艳,明亮)
color
(颜色)
.
我们希望包装的颜色再鲜艳一点儿。
三、汉译英
1
、
一种商品不但要质量好,而且包装要有吸引力。
Aproduct
(产品)
should be not only
(不仅)
fine in quality(
< br>质量好
)
,
but also
attractive
(吸引力)
in packaging.
2
、我
很想听听你们就包装问题发表的意见。
I’
d like to hear what you
say
(发表意见)
concerning
(就)
the
matter(
问题
) of packaging.
3
、包装不仅影响生产和销售,而且也影响综合物流活动。
Packaging affects not only marketing
and production but also integrated logistics
activities.
4
、你一定发现我们产品的包装美观
讲究。
You will
surely(
一定
) find our products
packaging beautiful and well-done.
5
、你们能否改进一下包装。
Could you
improve(
改进
) the packaging.
6
、包装的关键在于防水。
The crux(
关键
) of
packaging lies in protecting the goods from water.
7
、我们容器都是可回收利用的。
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