硕士研究生考试英语专业考试真题

大连外国语学院

2006

年攻读硕士学位研究生 入学考试试题

学科专业：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学（英语）

考试科目：语言学（

A

卷）

考生请注意：答案必须写在答题纸上，将标号写清楚。写在试卷上不给分 。

I. Mark the following statements with T if they are true or F if they false

(20 points)

1. The design features of human languages include only creativity and displacement.

2.

The

bow-wow

theory,

the

pooh-

pooh

theory

and

the

“yo

-he-

ho”

theory

are

well- established theory with adequate supportive evidences.

3. Recreational function and metalingual function are the most important functions of

language.

4.

Phonetics,

phonology,

morphology,

syntax,

and

semantics

are

branches

of

linguistics.

5. Macrolinguistics is of interdisciplinary nature.

6.

Articulatory

phonetics,

acoustic

phonetics

and

auditory

phonetics

study

speech

sounds.

7. Fictive is

among the eleven

places

of articulation which are distinguished on the

IPA chart.

8.

A

physically

definable

unit,

the

common

factor

underlying

a

set

of

forms,

and

a

grammatical unit are used to discuss the definition of “word”.

9. Broadening, narrowing, meaning shift, class shift and semantic change contribute

to change in sentence meaning.

10. In Saussure’s view, language is a system of sings, each of which consists of two

parts: SIGNIFIED (sound image) and SIGNIFER (concept).

11. Syntax refers to the study of the rules governing the ways sounds are combined to

form sentences in a language.

12. There are generally three kinds of sense relations recognized

－

sameness relation,

oppositeness relation and inclusiveness relation with the technical terms of synonymy,

antonymy and hyponymy respectively.

13. Pairs of words like buy-sell and lend-borrow belong to complementary antonymy.

14.

Cognitive

psycholinguistics

is

concerned

with

making

inferences

about

the

content of the human mind.

15.

The

theory

of

CONTEXT

OF

SITUATION

can

be

summarized

as

follows:

the

relevant features of the participants, the relevant object and the effects of the verbal

action.

16. Austin claims that there are two types of sentences: performatives and constatives.

17.

The

part

of

linguistics

that

studies

the

language

of

literature

is

termed

literary

stylistics.

18. CAI aims at seeing educational problems on the part of the teacher, whereas CAL

emphasizes the use of a computer in both teaching and learning in order to help the

learner achieve educational objectives.

19.

Communicative

Competence

has

two

components:

appropriateness

and

performance.

20.

An

important

contribution

of

the

Prague

School

to

linguistics

is

that

it

sees

language in terms of FUCTION.

II. Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word with the hint of

the initial letter (20points)

1. A______ of language makes it potentially creative, and conventionality of language

makes

learning

a

language

laborious.

For

learners

of

a

foreign

language

,

it

is

this

feature of language that is more worth noticing than its arbitrariness.

2.

Speaking

of

the

manners

of

articulation,

p______

is

complete

closure

of

the

articulators involved so that the airstream cannot escape through the mouth..

3. V______ is made with the back of the tongue and the soft palate. An example in

English is [k] as in “cat”.

4. The principle of a______ creation can account for the co-existence of two forms,

regular and irregular, in the conjugation of some English verbs.

5. G______ is a type of control over the form of some words by other words in certain

syntactic constructions.

6. P______ logic is the study of the truth conditions for propositions: how the truth of

a

composite

proposition

is

determined

by

the

truth

of

value

of

its

constituent

propositions and the connections between them.

7.

The

principle

of

r______

is

defined

as

every

act

of

ostensive

communication

communicates the presumption of its own optimal relevance.

8. Assonance describes s______ with a common vowel (cVc).

9. The type of l______

constructed by second or foreign language learners who are

still in the process of learning a language is often referred to as interlanguage.

10. E______ is the grammatically incorrect form; mistake appears when the language

is correct grammatically but improper in a communicational context.

III. Mark the choice that best completes the statement (20points)

1. The dog barks wow wow in English but wangwangwang in Chinese. This indicates

the ______ relationship between the sound of a morpheme and its meaning.

A. arbitrary

B. dual

C. creative

D. displaced

2.

The

_______function

of

language

is

one

of

the

most

powerful

uses

of

language

because it is so crucial in changing the emotional status of an audience for or against

someone or something.

A. recreational

B. emotive

C. interpersonal

D. performative

3. ______ are produced by constricting or obstructing the vocal tract at some place to

divert, impede, or completely shut off the flow of air in the oral cavity.

A. V

owels

B. Semi-vowels

C. Consonants

D. Semi-consonants

4.

There

are

two

possibilities

of

assimilation.

If

a

following

sound

is

influencing

a

preceding sound, we call it ____ assimilation.

A. progressive

B. preceding

C. preceding

D. regressive

5. The term ___ refers to those words that consist of more than one lexical morpheme,

or the way to join two separation words to produce a single form.

A. compound

B. derivation

C. invention

D. blending

6. ___ refers to a type of word-forming where a shorter word is derived by deleting an

imagined affix from a longer form already in the language.

A. Borrowing

B. Back-formation