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Lesson 29 Funny or not?
是否可笑？
New words
and expressions
生词和短语
largely
adv.
在很大程度上
comic
adj.
喜剧的，可笑的
universal
adj.
普通的
comedian
n.
滑稽演员，喜剧演员
distasteful
adj.
讨厌的
pester
v.
一再要求，纠缠
dread
v.
惧怕
recovery
n.
康复
plaster
n.
熟石膏
console
v.
安慰，慰问
hobble
v.
瘸着腿走
compensate
v.
补偿
mumble
v.
喃喃而语
L29_01_
单词讲解
★
universal
adj.
普遍的
eg
：
Love , a topic
of universal interest.
爱情事人们普遍感兴趣的话题。
a
universal truth
放之四海皆成的真理
eg
：
It
is a universal truth that you think of
nothing else if you don’t things if
you
do.
这是个普遍真理：没钱的时候你想的只有它，而一但有了钱，你就会想其它。<
/p>
universal suffrage
普选权
be of
universal significance
广泛的意义
universally
adv.
It is
universally true that…
★
distasteful
adj.
讨厌的、让人倒胃口的、难吃的
a
distasteful story
eg
：
It is
distasteful to me to say so.
我很不愿意这么说。
a
distasteful task / medicine
难完成的任务
/
难吃的药
★
recovery
n.
康复
eg
：
Make a quick
recovery from the influenza.
感冒之后很快就好了。
1
economic recovery / resurgence
< br>经济复苏
/
复兴
recover program
：
a
course of treatment for people who are addicted to
drugs or alcohol
康复疗程（针对吸毒成瘾或酗酒的人）
★
console
v.
安慰，慰问
to make someone feel better when they
are feeing sad or disappointed
console sb with sth
用
…
来安慰某人
eg
：
The doctor
consoled the little boy with the promise he would
go back
home to celebrate Christmas
Day.
医生安慰小男孩并许诺他可以回家过圣诞节。
console oneself with…
聊以自慰，以<
/p>
…
自我安慰
eg
：
No matter how
hard I tried to repair my computer, it refused to
work. But
I still consoled myself with
the thought that even thee specialized may not
put it right.
condole
v.
吊唁
eg
：
Peter wrote to
condole with his friend on his mother’s
death.
Peter
写信给他的
朋友对他母亲的过世表示慰问。
solace
v.
（文雅的表达方式）
eg
：
He solaced
himself with a book.
他从书中得到慰藉。
consolation
n.
a
word of consolation
一句安慰的话
consolatory
adj.
a
consolatory letter
安慰信
；
booby prize
安慰奖
★
hobble
v.
瘸着腿走
to walk with
difficulty, especially as a result of an injury to
your leg or feet
hobble along
一瘸一拐地走
limp
adj. / n. v.
2
adj.
（
not firm or
strong
）无力的
limp
body
n. walk with a limp
跛行
v. limp to
school
一瘸一拐去上学
lame
adj. / v.
（
because of
injury
）
go /
become lame
致瘸了
；
lame duck
无能的人
cripple
n./
v.
四肢残疾
an
offensive word for somebody who is physically
unable to use their arms
or legs
properly
the disabled /
handicapped
无能力者、残废者
/
残疾人
the deaf and
dumb
聋哑人
★
compensate for
v.
补偿
eg
：
His rise in
status more than compensate for his loss of money.
eg
：
Only
when
you
lose
your
health
can
you
realize
that
nothing
can
compensate for it.
只有到失去健康时，你才能意识到健康无以弥补。
make up for
eg
：
Beauty can
never make up for
stupidity.
愚蠢是无法靠美貌来弥补的。
atone
（
for
）
v.
：
to
do sth to show that you are sorry for having done
sth wrong
弥补过失、赎罪
eg
：
Dimitri atoned
for his behavior to make a hundred and one
apologies.
Dimitri
为自己的鲁莽行为而向
他深表歉意。
★
mumble
v.
喃喃而语
to say
something too quietly and not clear enough so that
it is difficult or
impossible to hear
声音太小或听不清楚
3
murmur
v.
：
to
say something in a soft low voice which is
difficult to hear
（清柔低沉的声音）喃喃
eg
：
The shy girl
murmured
thanks.
害羞的小女孩轻轻地说了声谢谢。
a murmuring brook
溪水潺潺
mutter
v.
生气或抱怨而低声说
eg
：
Students
mutter continually about having too much homework.
学生们抱怨说家庭作业太多。
【
Text
】
What is the basis of ‘sick’
humour?
Whether we find a
joke funny or not largely depends on where we have
been
brought
up.
The
sense
of
humour
is
mysteriously
bound
up
with
national
characteristics. A Frenchman, for instance, might
find it hard to
laugh
at
a
Russian
joke.
In
the
same
way,
a
Russian
might
fail
to
see
anything
amusing
in
a
joke
which
would
make
an
Englishman
laugh
to
tears.
Most
funny
stories
are
based
on
comic
situations.
In
spite
of
national
differences,
certain
funny
situations
have
a
universal
appeal.
No
matter
where
you
live,
you
would
find
it
difficult
not
to
laugh
at,
say,
Charlie
Chaplin's early films. However, a new
type of humour, which stems largely
from America, has recently come into
fashion. It is cal1ed' sick humour '.
Comedians base their jokes on tragic
situations like violent death or serious
accidents.
Many
people
find
this
sort
of
joke
distasteful.
The
following
example of 'sick
humour' will enable you to judge for yourself.
A man who had broken his
right leg was taken to hospital a few weeks
before Christmas. From the moment he
arrived there, he kept on pestering
his
doctor
to
tell
him
when
he
would
be
able
to
go
home.
He
dreaded
4
having to spend Christmas in hospital.
Though the doctor did his best, the
patient's recovery was slow. On
Christmas day, the man still had his right
leg in plaster. He spent a miserable
day in bed thinking of all the fun he was
missing. The following day, however,
the doctor consoled him by telling
him
that his chances of being able to leave hospital
in time for New Year
celebrations were
good. The man took heart and, sure enough, on New
Year's Eve he was able to hobble along
to a party. To compensate for his
unpleasant experiences in hospital, the
man drank a little more than was
good
for
him.
In
the
process,
he
enjoyed
himself
thoroughly
and
kept
telling
everybody
how
much
he
hated
hospitals.
He
was
still
mumbling
something about hospitals at the end of
the party when he slipped on a
piece of
ice and broke his left leg.
参考译文
我们觉得一则笑话是否好笑，
很大程度取决于我们是在哪儿长大的。
幽默感与民
族有着神秘莫测的联系。
譬如，
法国人听完一则俄国笑话可能很难发笑。
同样的
道理，
一则可以令英国人笑出泪来的笑话，
俄国人听了可能觉得没有什
么可笑之
处。
大部分令人发笑的故事都是根据喜剧情节编写的。
尽管民族不同，
< br>有些滑稽的情
节却能产生普遍的效果。比如说，不管你生活在哪里，你看查理
.
卓别麟的早期
电影很难不发笑。
然而，
近来一种新式幽默流行了起来，
这种幽默
主要来自美国。
它被叫作“病态幽默”
。喜剧演员根据悲剧情节
诸如暴死，重大事故等来编造笑
话。许多人认为这种笑话是低级庸俗的。下面是个“病态
幽默”的实例，你可据
此自己作出判断。
圣诞节前几周，
某人摔断了右腿被送进医院。
从他进医院那
一刻时，
他就缠住医
生，
让医生告诉他
什么时候能回家。
他十分害怕在医院过圣诞。
尽管医生竭力医<
/p>
治，但病人恢复缓慢。圣诞节那天，他的右腿还上着石膏，他在床上郁郁不乐地
5
躺了一天，想着他错过的种种欢乐。然而，第二天，医生安慰他说，出
院欢度新
年的可能性还是很大的，
那人听后振作了精神。
果然，
除夕时他可以一瘸一拐地
去参加晚会了
。
为了补偿住院这一段不愉快的经历，
那人喝得稍许多了一点。
在
晚会上他尽情娱乐，
一再告诉大家他
是多么讨厌医院。
晚会结束时，
他嘴里还在
嘟哝着医院的事，突然踩到一块冰上滑倒了，摔断了左腿。
L29_02_
课文讲解
★
Whether we find
a joke funny or not largely depends on where we
have
been brought up.
我们觉得一则
笑话是否好笑，很大程度取决于我们是在哪儿长大的。
※
bring sb up
在那里长大
raise
扶养长大：
eg
：
The mother
raised ten kids all her life.
nurse
v.
哺育
eg
：
The mother cat
refused to nurse the
kittens.
母猫坚决不给小猫喂奶。
rear
养
；
rear a large
family
养活一家人
foster
v.
养育
;
培养
;
抚育
：
to take a child into your
family for a period of time but without becoming
his / her legal parents
（非法律意义上的）单纯的认养
foster father / mother
干爸
/
干妈
adopt
：
v.
采取
;
吸收
;
采纳
;
过继
,
收养（通过正常的法律来抚养）
to
legally make another person’s kid part of your
family
领养
adoptive father / mother
养爸
/
养妈
adopt son /
daughter
养子
/
女
god-father
教父；
god-mother
教母
※
whether
虽然从属连词
whether
与
if
意义相同，
< br>但当引导主语从句时，
必须用
whether
，
6
而不能用
if.
eg
：
Whether it
will do us harm or good remains to be seen.
到底他带给我们的是好还是坏还是个未知数。
whether
引导的从句也可做介词宾语（但
if
不行）
eg
：
It all depends
on whether they have received good education.
这完全取决于她们是否受良好的教育。
引起不定是短语（也不能用
if
替代）
eg
：
I don’t know
whe
ther to accept or refuse.
whether by accident or
design
不知是有意还是无意
eg
：
Whether by
accident or design, he is always there whenever
I’m in need.
不知是有意还是无意，在我还需要帮助的时候，他总会出现。
whether or not
是否
eg
：
I can’t decide
whether or not to return
home.
我还不能决定是否回家。
※
depend on
依赖，依赖
to need
support, help of somebody
eg
：
Human behavior
is mostly a product of learning, while the
behavior of
animals largely depends on
instinct.
人的行为主要是学习的产物，而动物则更多依赖于本能。
eg
：
The country
depends heavily on its tourist trade.
该国主要是依赖旅游业的收入。
rely on sb/ sth
：
to trust somebody to do
what you need or expect them to
do
相信、信赖
eg
：
He is not a
person you can rely on.
他不是个依赖的依赖的人。
it
depends / that depends
：
to
say you cannot give a definite answer
这都难说，的看情况
eg
：
It failure a
good thing or a bad one
？
7
The answer depends on who
does it.
因人而异。仁者见仁，智者见智
★
The
sense
of
humour
is
mysteriously
bound
up
with
national
characteristics.
幽默感与民族有着神秘莫测的联系。
※
the sense of
humor
the sense of
responsibility / shame / priority / inferiority
责任感
/
羞耻感
/
优越感
/
自卑感
※
be bound up
with
与
…
密切相关
→
to be closely
connected with something
eg
：
People’s
living standard is bound up with the prosperity of
the country.
人民的生活水平同该国的繁荣昌盛息息相关。
eg
：
The future of
a nation is bound up with the education of the
young.
一个国家的未来同年轻人所受的教育是分不开的。
be bound to do
一定的，免不了
eg
：
On our road
ahead, we are bound to meet with difficulties.
在我们前进的道路上注定了逃不了的困难。
be bound up in
：
be
busy with
eg
：
She
is bound up in her new job.
她现在正忙于自己的新工作。
abound
v. to exist in large
numbers
充满、富于
abound with/ abound in
eg
：
The garden
abounds with sails after a heavy shower.
一场大雨后，花园里许多蜗牛。
※
characteristic
n.
特性、典型、个性
notional
characteristic
民族特性
eg
：
A national
characteristic of Chinese is self-contain.
中华民族的民族特性之一是独立自主。
character
个性特色、性格、质量
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