英语中级听力：Formal language and informal language 正式语言和非正式语言(中英对照

Formal language and informal language

正式语言和非正式语言

1

、

Formal language and informal language

正式语言和非正式

语言

You probable have noticed that people express similar ideas in

different ways depending on the situation they are in. This is

very natural. All languages have two general levels of usage

—

a fomal level and an informal level. English is no exception.

The diffenrence in these two levels is the situation in which

you use a particular level.

你或许注意到人们会用不同的方式表达类似的观点，

这取决于他们所

处的环境。

这种现象很自然。

所有语言 都有两个普遍的使用层次——

正式层面和非正式层面。

英语也不 例外。

两个层次的区别在于你使用

语言的语境。

Formal language is the kind of language you find in textbooks,

reference books and in business letters. You would also use

formal English in compositions and essays that you write in

school. Informal language is used in conversation with

colleagues, family members and friends, and when we write

personal notes of letters to close friends.

正式语言是在课本、

参考书和商业信函中出 现的语言。

你也会在学校

布置的作文的论文中使用正式语言。< /p>

非正式语言是在与同事、

家人和

朋友交流 时使用的，

以及我们在写个人笔记或给好朋友写信时也会用

到。

1

Formal language and informal language

正式语言和非正式语言

Formal language is different from informal language in several

ways. First, formal language tends to be more polite. What we

may find interesting is that it usually takes more words to be

polite. For example, I might say to a friend or a family member

say,

正式语言和非正式语言在很 多方面有所不同。

首先，

正式语言显得更

礼貌。

我们发现的有趣现象是通常要想追求礼貌，

我们必须多 说些话。

例如，我或许会对我的朋友和家人说“请关门。”但是，对于一位陌

?

”

Another difference between formal and informal language is

some of the vocabulary. There are bound to be some words

and phrases that belong in formal language and others that

are informal. Let's say that I really like soccer. If I am talking to

my friend, I might say.

were talking to my boss, I would probably say,

soccer.

正式语言和非正 式语言的另一处不同在于部分词汇。

某些词汇与词组

属于正式语 言，而有些是非正式的。我们说真的喜欢足球时，如果和

我的朋友交流，我或许会说：“ 我为足球疯狂。”如果对我的老板，

或许会说：“我很欣赏足球。”

英语单词词汇整理

:

2

Formal language and informal language

正式语言和非正式语言

1. usage n.

用法，使用，惯用法

eg: I don't know the usage of this phrase.

我不知道这个短语的惯用法。

短语：

nternational usage

国际惯例

trade usage

贸易惯例

usage rate

使用率

long term usage

长期使用

2. informal adj.

非正式的

eg: We had an informal meeting.

我们做了非正式的会晤。

短语：

informal communication

非正式沟通

informal group

非正式群体

< br>;

非正式组织

informal education

非正规教育

3. exception n.

除外

eg: He took great exception to what I said.

他极力反对我的话。

短语：

with the exception of

除了…以外

without exception

无例外地，一律

no exception

没有例外

;

无一 例外

3

Formal language and informal language

正式语言和非正式语言

make an exception

例外，破例

take exception

反对

;

有反感

exception to the rule

出轨边缘

4. reference n.

参考，出处，参照

eg: with reference to this project, we have something to say.

关于这个工程，我们有些意见。

短语：

in reference to

关于

without reference to

无论

;

与 …无关

terms of reference