限定词讲义

Determiner (

限定词

)

限定词是在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指、

类指以及表示确定数量和非确定数量等限定作

用的词类。英语的限定词包括：< /p>

冠词

(the, a, an)

、

物主限定词（

my, your, his, her, our, your, their, one

’

s, its

）

名词属格

（

Sophie

’

s, my friend

’

s

）

指示限定词：

this, that, these, those, such

关系限定词：

whose, which

疑问限定词：

what, which, whose

不定限定词：

no,

some,

any,

each,

every,

enough,

either,

neither,

all,

both,

half,

several,

many,

much, (a) few, (a) little, other, another

基数词：

one, two,

…

序数词：

first, second

…

倍数词、分数词

量词：

a

lot

of,

lots

of,

plenty

of,

a

great/good

deal

of,

a

large/small

amount/quantity

of,

a

great/large/good number of

等。

专业四级主要考点：

限定词与限定词 之间的搭配关系。

即如果在名词词组中心词之前如果有两个或两个以上限定

词出现时，

就会产生限定词的先后顺序问题。

按其不 同的搭配位置，

限定词分为前位限定词、

中位限定词和后位限定 词。

前位限定词包括

all, both, half, double,

倍数词、分数词、

what

、

such (a/an)

等。

中位限定词包括：

冠词、

指示限定词、

物主限定词、

名词属格

; some, any, no, every, each, either,

neither, enough; what(ever), which(ever), whose.

后位限定词包括：基数词、序数词；

next, last, other, another, etc; many, much, (a) few, (a) little,

fewer, less, least, more, most; several, plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a great/good deal of, a large/small

amount/quantity of, a great/large/good number of; such

等

前位——中位——后位

all the four teachers

all your three books

all these last few days

half his lecture

those last few months

several hundred guests

all other students

such a misfortune

some such alloy

练习：

1.

The additional work will take (

) weeks.

A. the other

B. another five

C. other five D. the more

2. He did it in (

) time it took me.

A. the one-third B. half a C. the double

D. one-third the

3. I saw (

) boys at the cinema.

A. the both B. many a

C. both the

D. the several

4. (

) candidates are girls.

A. Half the

B. The half C. Their half D. Half a

5. He was on leave (

) days.

A. the few last B. few another C. few other

D. the last few

6. (

) friends usually speak highly of him.

A. His some

B. His many

C. Many his D. Some his

7. Please serve me (

) soup.

A. more some B. the less C. more the

D. some more

8. (

) alloy may be used to replace copper.

A. Such a

B. Some such

C. Such some D. Several such

9. Please send (

) samples to London by air.

A. these enough B. five these C. enough these

D. these five

10. Are you going to buy (

) rice?

A. all these B. these all

C. all this

D. both these

11. They want at least (

) salaries.

A. their double

B. double their

C. enough their D. their enough

12. (

) dictionary is enough for me.

A. Such one

B. One such C. Such a one D. One such a

13. (

) factors should be considered.

A. These all B. Such all

C. All such

D. Some these

14. (

) evenings he did enjoy himeself immensely.

A. The first few

B. The few first C. The first some D. Some the first

15. (

) meat is tainted.

A. That one-third B.

One-third that

C. Such a D. Few such

16. (

) boys were in the classroom.

A. All five other B. Other all C. All the more

D. All the other five

17. He has been staying at home (

) days.

A. these all last few B. these last few all

C. all these last few

D. these last all few

真题：

1.

Which of the following is INCORRECT?

（

2008)

A.

All his lectures were boring.

B.

Half his money was gone

C.

Her few friends are all fond of dancing

D.

He invited many his friends to the party

2.

A new laptop costs about (

) of a second-hand one.

（

2009

）

A.

the price of three times

B. three times the price

much as the three times price

D. three times more than the price

从属结构（限定分句、非限定分句、无动词分句、独立结构）

1.

(

)

mainly

for

the

invention

of

the

telephone,

Alexander

Graham

Bell

devoted

his

life

to

helping the deaf.

A He is remembered

B To remember

C While remembering

D Though remembered

2. The policy (

) made, the next problem was how to carry it out.

A having been

B being C had been D was

3. Weather (

), we’ll go for an outing.

A being permitted B permitted

C permitting

D permits

4. (

) the opportunity, he might well have become an outstanding cartoonist.

A Given

B To give

C Giving

D Being given

5. He wasn’t asked to take on th

e chairmanship of the society, (

) insufficiently popular with

all members.

A. having considered

B. was considered

C. was being considered

D. being considered

6. (

) in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for.

A. The girl to be educated

B. The girl educated

C. The girl’s being educated

D. The girl was educated

7. No matter how frequently (

), the works of Beethoven always attract large audience.

A. performed

B. performing

C. to be performed

D. being performed

8. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with

girls as well as boys (

)

to go to school.

A. to be encouraged B. been encouraged

C. being encouraged

D. be encouraged

9. (

) their work will give us a much better feel for the wide differences between the two schools

of thought.

A. To have reviewed B. Having reviewed

C. Reviewing

D. Being reviewed

10. If the building project (

) by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will

be fined.

A. being completed B. is completed

C. to be completed

D. completed

11. (

) in the United States, St. Louis has now become the 24

th

largest city.

A. Being the fourth biggest city

B. It was once the fourth biggest city

C.

Once the fourth biggest city

D. The fourth biggest city it was

12. There are only ten apples left in the baskets, (

) spoilt ones.

A. not counting

B. not to count C. don’t count D. having not counted

13. (

) at in his way, the situation doesn’t seem to desperate.

A. Looking

B. Looked

C. Being looked D. To look

Professor Johnson is said (

) some significant advance in his research in the past year.

A. having made

B. making

C. to have made

D. to make

14. This missile is designed so that once (

) nothing can be done to retrieve it.

B. being fired

C. they fired

D. having fired

15. (

) no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his room.

A. There was

B. Since

C. Being

D. There being

16. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighbouring country, (

)

by the police each time.

A. had been captured

B. being always captured

C. only to be captured

D. unfortunately captured.

17.. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience (

) on benches, chairs or

boxes

A. having seated

B. seating

C. seated

D. having been seated

18

“

How

did

the

group

improve

its

discussion

”

“

They

all

took

part,

each

member

(

)

the

responsibility of leading one meeting.

”

A. having

B to have

C. has had

D. has

surveys indicate that many crimes go (

) by the police, mainly because not all victims

report them.

A. unrecorded

B. to be unrecorded

C. unrecording

D. to have been uncorded

20.. It

’

s no use ( ) with her. You might as well (

) with a stone wall. She is incapable of seeing

anyone else

’

s point of view.

A. arguing; arguing

B. argue; argue

C. to argue; arguing

D. arguing; argue

21. The naughty girl said to her parents that she wanted to be a good girl and set her heart ( ) a trail

of her own.

A. to blazing

B. to blaze

C. blazed

D. blaze

22. The teacher walked into the classroom ().

A. with a book in hand

B. hand with a book

C. being with a book in hand D. to have a book in hand

23. We left the meeting, there obviously () no point in staying.

A. were

B. being

C. to be

D. having

24. The mother didn

’

t know who ( ) for the broken glass.

A. blamed B. would blame

C. to blame

D. be blamed

25. He rushed into the room, his face (

) with sweat.

A. dripping

B. dripped

C. being dripped

D. was dripping

限定分句真题归纳：

(

) dull he may be, he is certainly a very successful top executive.

< br>（

2006

）

A.

Although

B. Whatever

D. However

The party, (

) I was the guest of honor, was extremely enjoyable.

（

2006

）

A.

by which B. for which C. to which D. at which

The research requires more money than (

)

（

2007

）

A

．

have been put in B. has been put in C. being put in D. to be put in

(

)

he

wanted

to

go

out

with

his

friends

at

the

weekend,

he

had

to

stay

behind

to

finish

his

assignments.

（

2008

）

A.

Much though B. Mush as C. As much

D. though much

未完待续

倒装

倒装是一种语法手段，用以表示 一定句子结构的需要和强调

某一句子成分的需要。英语最基本的结构是主、谓结构，倒< /p>

装就是将这种比较固定的词序加以颠倒。

倒装有两种。将

主语和谓语

完全颠倒过来，叫做

完全倒装

（

complete inversion

）

。

Here comes the bus!

只将

助动词、情态动词

移至主语之前，如果句中的谓语没

有助动词或情态动词，

则需添加助动词

do, does

或

did

，

叫做

部分倒装

(partial inversion)

。

At no time was the entrance left unguarded.

2

完全倒装（

complete inversion

）

Then

（）

the Civil War.

A. did follow B. followed

C. does follow D. following

1)

here, there, now, then, thus

等副词置于句首

,

谓语动词常

用

be, come, go, lie, run

。

There

goes

t

he

bell

.

Then

came

the

chairman

.

Here

is

your

letter

.

2)

表示运动方向的

副词或地点状语

置于句首，谓语表示运

动的动词。< /p>

Out

rushed

a

missile

from

under

the

bomber.

Ahead

sat

an

old

woman

.

注意：

上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，

如

果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。

例如

：