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第一次课
好英文：主次分明，逻辑严密，主三次八（主则主句
主谓
主系表，次则从句
名形介副
非谓三
各种短语）
好中文：音调和谐，结构
匀称，具体表现凡十：双声（声母相同
eg
坎坷，
迷茫）
，
叠韵
（韵母相同
eg
彷徨，
徜徉）
< br>，
叠音，
双音节，
四字格，
对仗，
平仄，
量词准（找准比喻角度，活用
动量词
eg.
一本芭蕉）
，动词活（<
/p>
eg.
眉毛一扬，头
发一甩
general
／
specific
words
）
活用动词四法：具体，高频，靠近，连用
好译文：
faithful and smooth
忠通
脱读是文章
对读没走样
（
content
&style
）
翻译：技巧，语言比较，相关表达
怎
么学：
reading
－
observ
ing
－
imitating
－
producing
（
speaking &
writing &
translating
）
条件：三语让
之间
之外
技巧全攻略：增减逆顺转类换
正反拆合引申难
增减－
eg.
汉译英代词增加
逆顺－英文先主后客，中文先客后主
拆合－英译汉
多拆；汉译英
多合
引申－深
宽
抽象事物具体化
< br>1.
风在吼，马在叫，黄河在咆哮，河东河西高粱熟，万山丛中游击健儿逞英豪。
Wind
howling
，
horses
neighing
，
the Yellow River
roaring.
Sorghum ripe on
both
banks,
the
guerilla
soldiers
are
fighting
bravely
in
mountains
beyond
mountains.
2.
广出猎，见草中石以为虎而射之，中石，没全族，视之，石也，因复更
射之，
终不能入矣。
（三个左右的动词合一次，取一个最重要的
做谓语）
Once out on a
hunting trip, General Li Guang mistook a rock in
the grass for
a tiger and shoot an
arrow at it. He hit it with such force that the
tip of the arrow
get inside the rock.
Later he discovered it to be only a rock. Thus, he
wanted to
try shooting again but was
unable to pierce it.
3.
松下问童子，言师采药去。只在此山中，云深不知处。
< br>
When asked under a pine
tree, your boy replied my master is gone for herbs
in these mountains, but I don’t know
where for the thick clouds.
prisoners of war are allowed to write
censored letters.
战俘可以写信，但需经过审查。
5.I wouldn’t have eaten it only I’m too
ladylike to take it out of my mouth.
我本不想吃，但是吐出来也太不淑女了。
bringing had been more of
a wild boy than that of a young lady.
我接受的教养，与其说是淑女的教养，倒不如说是野小子。
7.
枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家，
古道西风瘦马，夕阳西下，断肠人在天涯。
黄昏时归巢的乌鸦盘旋在缠绕着枯藤的老树上。
At dark, returning crows hovering over
on the trees wrapped with decayed
lines. A farmer house beside a brook is
under a small bridge. A heart broken man
on mean horse along the ancient path
with travelling far far away from home in
the west wind against the setting
sun.
第二次课
英语
5
种基本句型：主谓
主系表
主谓宾
主谓间宾直宾
主谓宾＋宾补
英语
< br>7
种常用短语：名形介副非谓三
eg
：
I
found a man lying in front of my door.
I found him hurt by the careless words
that I made.
I find them to
have left 3days ago.
2*7
They were
found to have left 3 days ago.
…
3*7 with+n+7
结构
1)n.
With your father president
of the university how can I offend you.
2)adj.
With his
parents old and children still young, is having a
hard
life.
3)prep.
With his
parents in old age and children in
youth…
4)adv.
With his parents out…
5)
-
ing
With you leading our way,
we have nothing to fear.
6)
-
ed
With his leg broken he was unable to
come for the football game.
7)to do
With his
father to have died many years ago . he has a
miserable life.
独立主格结构
汉语
< br>7
个基本结构：
1
）并列：高大威猛
你来我往
吃饭睡觉
2
）主谓：你来
我往
3
）动宾：吃饭
睡觉
4
）偏
正：
（
adj+n,
红星
绿草；
adv+v
快跑）
5
）动补：
（补动词，英语中补宾语）快跑（状语）
，跑快（补语）
6
）连动：
v+v+v
过来吃饭
7
）兼语：前面的补后面的主
叫他闹
随它去
增减法：冠
代
介连，三态一气，成语翻译，复数处理
1
）汉语无冠词
概念独立的标志，英译汉省冠词，汉译英加冠词
eg
：猫眼比人眼能吸收更多光线
A cat’s eye can saw more rays than a
man’s, so it can see clearly even in the
dark.
马是有用的动物
The horse is a useful
animal.
中国人是勤劳的民族
Chines people are an industrial
nation.
他把手揣在口袋里
He put his hand in the
pocket.
2
）代词替代：
My son by
my former wife
词汇替代：同义／反义／上义
general
words
／下义词替代
specific words
动作替代：
They went there, so did
I.
句子替代：
You help me and I
you
／
You help me and
viceversa
（反之亦然）
3
）介
of
／
in
／
at
／
to
／
fo
r
<
/p>
怎么用：比较－
over
表原因（纠纷／
感情）
eg
：
Two boys are
fighting for a girl.
Don’t shout at
me across the street.
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