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上海高考英语备考训练
上海高考英语题型训练：选词填空
Directions: Fill in each blank with a
proper word chosen from the box. Each word can
be used only once. Note that there is
one word more than you need.
Unit 1,
A. deliberate
B. distinction
C. polish
D. credit
E. dependent
F. occasionally
G. feasibility
H. shift
I.
fulfilling
J.
signals
K. continuously
Overcoming Obstacles: How Your Biggest
Failure Can Lead to Your Success
There’s been a lot written on the theme
of failure and how essential it is to
success. In a world wher
e
____31____ is given for people’s accomplishments,
failing
feels dangerous. The fear of
failure can stop people taking risks that might
lead to
success.
Heidi Grant Halvorson, a psychologist,
points out much of success is
____32____ not on talent but on
learning from your mistakes.
About half
of the people in the world hold that ability in an
area --- be it
creative or social skill
--- is natural. The other half believes, instead,
that someone
might have a preference or
something
–
say painting or
speaking foreign languages
–
but this ability can be improved
through ___33___ practice or training.
It’s almost impossible to think
rationally(
理性地
) while
shouting at yourself, “I’m
a failure”.
But when you ___34___ your thinking, you will
probably see what you can
control
–
your behavior, your
planning, your reactions
–
and change them.
The primary ___35___
between successful people and unsuccessful people
is
that the successful people fail
more. If you see failure as a monster approaching
you,
take another look.
Success is as scary as failure.
Researchers report that satisfaction grows on
challenges. Think about it
–
a computer game you can
always win is boring; one you
can win
___36___, and with considerable effort, is fun. In
pursuit of success, failure
exposes
areas that you need to ___37___. So the failure
serves as a brick wall to test
how you
apply yourself to ___38___ your objectives and how
much you want them.
There is a way to
distinguish whether a failure ___39___ you to
double down or
walk away, says
Halvorson. If, when things get rough, you remain
fascinated by your
goal, you should
keep going. If what you’re doing is costing you
too mu
ch time and
energy or
it’s not bringing you joy, you should give a
second thought to the ___40___
of your
goal and even set a new one.
31-40 DEAHB FCIJG
Unit 2,
A. measurement
B. similar
C.
remarkably
D. monetary
E. astronomy
F. altered
G. civilization H. defined
I. independence J. invariably K.
dominated
The Nile
The ancient Greek writer Herodotus once
described Egypt-with some
envy-
as‘the gift of the
Nile’. The Egyptians depend on the river for food,
for water
and for life. The Ancient
Egyptians were able to control and use the Nile,
creating the
earliest irrigation
systems and developing a prosperous ___31___.
Snaking through the deserts, the Nile
would flood almost ___32___ each year in
June. Once the water subsided, a rich
deposit of sand was left behind, making an
excellent topaoil. Seeds were sown,
yielding wheat, barley, beans, lentils and leeks.
Drought could spell disaster for the
Egyptians, so during the dry seasons, they dug
basins and channels to deliver water to
their land. They also devised simple channels
to transfer water at the peak of the
flood.
An early system of ___33___ a
Kilometer, was used to de determine the size of
the
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上海高考英语备考训练
floods. Later, during the New Kingdom,
a lifting system called a Shauf was used to
raise water from the river--___34___ to
the way in which a well is used today.
The Egyptians took up some of the
earliest trading missions. Without a(n)
___35___ system they exchanged goods,
bringing back timber, precious stones,
pottery, spices and animals. Their
efforts in medicine were also ___36___ advanced:
surgeons performed operations to remove
cysts
（囊肿）
. Mummification
gave them
great understanding of the
human body-yet they also relied heavily on various
medicines to prevent disease, and
discoveries were often confused with
superstition
（迷信）
. And while
a great deal of time was dedicated to ___37___ the
Egyptians
thought the stars were gods.
By the 16
th
century Egypt was under the Ottoman Empire until
Britain seized control
in 1882. What is
now mostly Arabic Egypt only won ___38___ from
Britain after
World War
Ⅱ
. The Suez Canal, opened in
1869, __________the country as a center
for world transportation. But it, and
the completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971
___40___ the ecology of the Nile, which
now struggles to satisfy the country’s rapidly
growing population, currently more than
76 million-the largest in the Arab world.
31-40 G J A B D
C E I H F
Unit
3.
A. potentially
B. filmed
C. dropped
D. commonly
E. treats
F. sympathy
H.
eyebrow
I. domesticated
J.
selection
K. confident
G. sensitive
Puppy Dog Eyes Are for the Benefits of
Humans
Dogs make puppy dog eyes for the
benefit of humans and rarely use the
pleasing facial expression when on
their own, a new study has shown.
It
has long been assumed that animal facial
expressions are involuntary and
dependent on emotional state rather
than a way to communicate.
But
scientists at the University’s Dog Cognition
Centre at Portsmouth
University have
found that dogs mostly use facial expressions when
humans are
present, as a direct
response to attention. Puppy dog eyes, in which
the
31
is raised to make the eyes
appear wider and sadder, was found to be the most
32
used expression in the study.
Researchers do not know whether the dogs
are aware they look sadder, or have
just learned that widening their eyes invites 33
and affection in humans.
Dog
cognition expert Dr Juliane Kaminski: “We can now
be
34
that the
production of
facial expressions made by dogs are dependent on
the attention
state of their audience
and are not just a result of dogs being
excited.”
“In our study they
produced far more expressions when someone was
watching, but seeing
food
35
did
not have the same effect.”
“The findings appear t
o
support evidence dogs are
36
to humans’
attention and that
expressions are 37 active attempts to
communicate, not
simple emotional
displays.” The researchers studied 24 dogs of
various breeds,
aged one to 12. All
were family pets. Each dog was tied by a lead a
meter away
from a person, and the dogs’
faces were
38
throughout a range of
exchanges, from the person being
oriented towards the dog, to being distracted
and with her body turned away from the
dog.
They found that
when a human was not watching the animal, they
39 facial
expressions. Dr
Kaminski said it is possible that dogs’
expressions have evolved as
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上海高考英语备考训练
they were
40
. “Domestic dogs have a unique history
–
they have lived
alongside
humans for 30,000 years and during that time
selection pressures seem
to have acted
on dogs’ ability to communicate with us, ”she
said.
31-40
HDFKE GABCI
Unit
4
，
A.
astonishing
B. bordered
C. blackouts D.
consequences E. constant
F. estimated G. exploded
H. fascinated
I. process
J.
stretched
K. upsetting
Aurora (
极光
):
wonders or disturbances
Canada,
February 2017: I stood in the snow on a frozen
lake, watching as the sky
twisted in
front of me. Green bands of light______31_____ out
in the darkness.
Slowly the colors
twisted and broke and reappeared elsewhere until,
suddenly, a
whole band flowed and
pulsed across the sky,____32_____ with delicate
yellow,
pinks and purples. It was as
dramatic as thunderstorm, yet calm. Gentle, yet
_____33_____. Most of all, it was a
gift.
This was my fifth aurora
trip and the first time I had seen fast movement
and
bright colours. The calm, green
aurora displays that many people see are driven by
a(n)_____34____stream of
particles(
微粒
) from the sun,
called the solar wind. But
when the sun
throws us extra hot, fat particles, this process
goes into overdrive
—
we
get much more movement and colour. It
is glorious! Aurora-spotters long for it.
But for some, the wild movements of the
heavens can have serious _____35___.
Satellites’ electronics are affected or
damaged by incoming fast particles,
____36____ industries that rely on
them. Flights may need to change course to avoid
radio___37____ around the poles, or to
protect aircrew from enhanced radiation
exposure. During a solar storm, aircrew
may receive their annual radiation limit over
a single flight.
Stormy space weather affects us on the
ground, too. A large solar storm in 1989
caused a 10-
hour electrical
blackout over Canada’s Quebec Province, costing
the
economy a(n)___38____C$$10 billion.
Disturbance of the atmosphere causes
problems with radio broadcast and GPS.
In September 2017, a huge solar flame
____39____ just as Hurricane Iran hit
the Caribbean. The resultant HF radio blackout
help up the emergency response.
Meanwhile, beautiful aurora displays were seen in
England. Place its beauty aside, then,
and the auroral _____40______ is nothing
other than a giant planetary
disturbance, more of a worry than a wonder for
some
people. Yet seldom do such
disturbances have such fascinating side effects as
that of
the aurora dancing across our
Arctic skies.
31-40
JBAED KCFGI
Unit
5
，
uate
edly
C.
process
D. achieve
E. irected
F. reactions
G. raising
H. eliminate
I. haracterized
ate
K. mechanism
The human body
can tolerate only a small range of temperature,
especially
when the person is engaged
in vigorous activity. Heat (31) _______ usually
occur
when large amounts of water
and/or salt are lost through over sweating
following
exhausting exercise. When the
body becomes overheated and cannot
(32)
_______
this over heatedness, heat exhaustion and heat
stroke are possible.
Heat exhaustion is
generally (33) _______ by sweaty skin, tiredness,
sickness,
dizziness, plentiful
sweating, and sometimes fainting, resulting from
a(n) (34)
_______ intake of water and
the loss of fluids.
First
aid treatment for this condition
includes having the victim lie down,
(35) _______ the feet 8 to 12 inches, applying
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