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2014
考研基础讲义之语法解绝真题
相关讲义句子对照翻译：
1.
（
1997
年翻译）
On one view of rights, to be sure, it necessarily
follows
that animals have none.
能被确定的是，
从权利观的一个观点看来，
这个争论必须要遵从这一
点，即动物们毫无权利
2.
（
20
06
年阅读
4
）
happiness more often than not ends in sadness.
幸
福往往以悲伤为结局。
3.
（
20
12
年翻译）
Ch
omsky’s
grammar should show patterns of language
change
that
are
independent
of
the
family
tree
or
the
pathway
tracked
through
it,
whereas
Greenbergian
universality
predicts
strong
co-dependencies
between
particular
types
of
word-order
relations.
Choms
ky
的语法应该反映出语言变化的模式，
这个模式独立于语言谱
系，
或者独立于通过该谱系所产生的路径，
而格林伯格的普遍性理论
则认为，在特定种类的词序关系之间，有着强烈的相互依赖
性。
4.
（
2002
年阅读）
Strengthening economic
growth, at the same time as
winter
grips the northern hemisphere, could push the
price higher in the
short
term.
强劲的经济增长势头，
随着北半球冬季的到来，有可能
在短期内使石油价格涨得更
高。
<
/p>
5.
（
1996
年翻译）
This trend began during the second
World War, when
several
governments
came
to
this
conclusion
that
the
specific
demands
cannot generally be
foreseen in detail.
这种趋势始于第
二次世界大战
期间，当时一些国家政府得出这样的结论：具体的要
求通常是无法
具体地预见到的。
6.
（<
/p>
2012
年翻译）
To filter
out what is unique from what is shared might
enable us to understand how complex
cultural behaviour arose and what
guides it in evolutionary or cognitive
terms.
如果我们从共同的现象中
剔除掉独特的现象，那么或许我们能够理解复杂的文化行为如何产
生，以及这种行为
在进化和认知方面，是受什么因素的引导。
erg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize,
offers a host of example of
the
social
cure
in
action:
In
South
Carolina,
a
state-sponsored
antismoking
program
called
Rage
Against
the
Haze
sets
out
to
make
cigarettes
uncool.
（
2012
年
阅
读
TEXT1
）
普
利
策奖的
获
得
者
Ros
enberg
就社会疗法的实施举了许多例子，如在南卡莱罗纳州，由
< br>政府赞助的禁烟运动
―Rage Against the Haze‖
（怒向烟霾）
旨在让香烟
不再吃香；
ng
to
run
Pilgrim
safely,
the
company
has
applied
for
federal
permission to keep
it open for another 20 years.
（
2012
年阅读
TEXT2
）
为保证朝圣者核电站安全运转，公司已
经申请将经营权延期
20
年。
8.
（
20
05
年翻译）
It is not easy to talk
about the role of the mass media in
this overwhelmingly significant phase
in European history.
谈论大众
媒体，
在欧洲历史中这个具有无比重要意
义的阶段中，
所起的作用并
非易事。
9.
（
20
07
年新题型）
All
these
activities
can
prevent
the
growth
of
important
communication
and
thinking
skills
and
make
it
difficult
for
kids
to
develop
the
kind
of
sustained
concentration
they
will
need
for
most jobs.
<
/p>
所有上述活动可能阻止重要的交际和思维能力的培养，
并
使孩子很难发展将来大多数工作
10 It has long been known that a taxi
firm called AAAA cars has a big
advantage over Zodiac cars when
customers thumb through their phone
directories.
人们早
已知道在客户翻阅电话簿时，
名叫
AAAA
的出租
汽车公司要比
Zodiac
出租汽车公司有很大的优越性。
1
1.
（
2009Text2
）
It is a wise father that knows his own
child, but today a
man
can
boost his paternal
(fatherly)
wisdom
–
or
at
least
confirm
that
he’s
the
kid’s
dad.
父贤知其子，但现在的男性可以提升其为人父的
智慧
——
或者至少可以确认自己是孩子的父亲。
11.
（
2011
年
text1
）
The decision of the New York
Philharmonic to hire
Alan
Gilbert
as
its
next
music
director
has
been
the
talk
of
the
classical-music
world
ever
since
the
sudden
announcement
of
his
appointment
in
2009.
自纽约爱乐乐团决定聘请
Alan
G
ilbert
特作为
下一任的音乐总监，这从
< br>2009
年任命被宣布之日起就在古典音乐界
引起了热议
。
12.
（
1997
年
text5
）
Much of the language used to
describe monetary policy,
such
as
―steering
the
economy
to
a
soft
landing‖
or
―a
touch
on
the
brakes,‖ makes it sound
like a precise science.
很多用
来描述货币政策
的词，如
―
引导经济软
着陆
‖
，
―
触
动经济刹车
‖
，听起来像是一门精
确的
科学。
12.13.
（
2003
年
text1
）
Wild Bill
Donovan would have loved the Internet.
The American spymaster who built the
Office of Strategic Services in the
World
War
II
and
later
laid
the
roots
for
the
CIA
was
fascinated
with
information.
Wild Bill Donovan
应该会喜欢网络。这位
美国间谍大
王对情报着迷，他曾经在第二次世界大战时建立了战略事务办公室，
后来又为中央情报局的成立打下了基础。
14.
（
2
003
年
text3
）
It’s a theory to which
many economists subscribe,
but
in
practice
it
often
leaves
railroads
in
the
position
of
determining
which companies
will flourish and which will fail.
这种理论
得到了多数
经济学家的认同，
但在实际操作中，
它使铁路公司获得了一个决定谁
败谁荣的权利。
15.
（
2003
年翻译
)Furthermore, humans have the
ability to modify the
environment
in
which
they
live,
thus
subjecting
all
other
life
forms
to
their own peculiar ideas
and fancies.
此外，
人类有能力改造自己的生存
环境，从而让所有其它生命形式服从于人类自己独特的想法和想象。
16.
（
2
010
年
text1
）
It
is
difficult to
the
point
of
impossibility
for
the
average reader under the
age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality
arts criticism could be found in most
big-city newspapers.
对于年龄
在
40
岁以下的
普通读者，他们很难甚至无法想象一个曾经能在大多
数大城市报纸上找到高质量的艺术评
论的时代。
16.
17.(
2010
年翻译
)
In
Europe,
where
forestry
is
ecologically
more
advanced, the non-commercial tree
species are recognized as members of
native forest community, to be
preserved as such, within reason.
在林业
生态更为发达的欧洲，
没有商业价值的树种被合理地看成是当地森林
群落的成员，并得到相应的保护。
18.
（
1995
年翻译）
How well
the predictions will be validated by later
performance
depends upon the amount, reliability,
and appropriateness
of
the
information
used
and
on
the
skill
and
wisdom
with
which
it
is
interpreted.
这些预测在多大程度上为的后来的表现所证实，这取决
于所采用
信息的数量、
可靠性和适宜性，
以及解释这些信息的技能和
才智。
19.
（
2003
年
Text3
）
Railroads
typically charge such ―captive‖ shippers
20 to 30 percent more than they do when
another railroad is competing
for the
business.
通常，铁路公司对这些
―
被控
‖
客户的收费要比有另
一铁路公司竞争业务时多
20
％～
30
％。
Britain, more
than half of public-sector workers but only about
15%
of private-sector ones are
unionized.
在英国，过半的公共部门员工已
经工会化，而私营部门只有
15%
的员工加
入公会。
21.
The teachers’
unions keep an eye on schools, the CCPOA on
prisons
and a variety of labor groups
on health care.
教师工会监督学校预算，
CCPOA
监督监狱预算，还有各种的劳工组织监督公共健康预
算。
you remember all those years when scientists
argued that smoking
would kill us but
the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for
sure? That
the
evidence
was
inconclusive,
the
science
uncertain?
That
the
antismoking lobby was
out to destroy our way of life and the government
should stay out of the way?
还记得科学家们认为吸烟会致人死亡，
而
那些怀疑者们却坚持认为我们无法对此得出定论的时候么？还记得
怀疑者们坚持认为缺
乏决定性的证据，
科学也不确定的时候么？还记
得怀疑者们坚持
认为反对吸烟的游说是为了毁掉我们的生活方式，
而
政府应该置
身事外的时候么？
an
ministers
instantly
demanded
that
the
International
Accounting
Standards
Board
(IASB)
do
likewise.
欧洲的部长们
立刻
要求国际会计准则委员会也这么做。
company,
a
major
energy
supplier
in
New
England,
provoked
justified outrage
in V
ermont last week when it announced
it was reneging
on a longstanding
commitment to abide by the strict nuclear
regulations.
Entergy
公司是新英格兰区主要的能源供应商。上周它宣布悔约，不
再严格遵循佛蒙特州
核电规定的长期承诺，这在州内激起公愤。
is
a
subtle
form
of
peer pressure:
we
unconsciously
imitate
the
behavior we see every
day.
这是一种微妙的来自同辈间的压力：
我们
正在无意识地模仿那些我们每天目睹的行为。
has
been
vigorously
opposed,
perhaps
most
egregiously
in
education,
where
charter
schools,
academies
and
merit
pay
all
faced
drawn-out
battles.
改革一直遭到强
烈反对，最让人惊讶的可能是在
教育业，其中的特许学校、学会和绩效工资都面临着持久
的斗争。
27 And that’s the problem
with
a social cure engineered from the
outside:
in
the
real
world,
as
in
school,
we
insist
on
choosing
our
own
friends.
对于由外界来引
导的社会疗法，问题如出一辙：与在校园一样，在现
实世界里，大家也都坚持选择自己的
朋友。
28.
（
1
986
年
text1
）
Very
rarely
is
a
specialist
capable
of
being
an
administrator.
鲜有专家能够胜任管理者。
29.(2009
年
text3)Only
when
humanity
began
to
get
its
food
in
a
more
productive way was there time for other
things.
只有当人类开始更有
效率地获取食物后，他们才有时间去考虑别的事情。
30.
（
1
996
年
text5
）
And so it does -- and all would be well were
reason
the only judge in the
creationism/evolution debate.
< br>的确如此
——
如果
理性是创世纪
论和进化论之争的惟一裁判，一切问题就已解决了。
31.
（
1997,passage
4
）
At the core of this debate
was chairman Gerald
Levin, 56, who took
over for the late Steve Ross in 1992.
于
1992
年接
替已故董事长斯蒂夫
·
罗斯的
56<
/p>
岁的现任董事长杰拉德
·
莱文是争论
的焦点人物。
red around the globe are more than 100
small
regions
of
isolated
volcanic
activity
known
to
geologists
as
hot
spots.
(1998passage
5)
地球上散落分布着
100
多个互不相连的小火山活动
区，被地质学家
称为热点
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