-want
ry (
寓言
)
A
tale in verse or prose in which characters,
actions, or settings represent abstract ideas or
moral qualities.
寓言，讽喻：一种文学、戏剧或绘画的艺术手法，
其中人物和事件代表抽象的观点、原则或支配力。
ration (
头韵
)
Alliteration is the repetition of the
same initial consonant sound within a line or a
group of words.
头韵：在一组词的开头或重读音节中对相同辅音或不
同元音的重复。
on
(
典故
)
A
reference
to
a
person,
a
place,
an
event,
or
a
literary
work
that
a
writer
expects
the
reader
to
recognize
and
respond to.
典故：作者对某些读者熟悉并能够作
出反映的特定人物，地点，事件，文学作品的引用。
y
(
类比
)
A comparison
made between two things to show the similarities
between them.
类比：为了在两个事物之间找出差别而进行的比较。
5. Antagonist
(
反面主角
)
The
principal character in opposition to the
protagonist or hero or heroine of a narrative or
drama.
反面主角：叙事文学或戏剧中与男女主人公或英雄相对立的主要人物。<
/p>
6. Antithesis
(
对仗
)
The
balancing of two contrasting ideas, words, or
sentences.
对仗：两组相对的思想，言辞，词句的平衡。
7. Aphorism (
警句
)
A concise, pointed statement expressing
a wise or clever observation about life.
警句：蕴含关于人生真理的明智的看法的精练的语句。
8. Aside (
旁白
)
A piece of dialogue intended for the
audience and supposedly not heard by other actors
on stage.
旁白：只说给观众而认为不会让台上其他演员听到的一段对话。
ophe (
呼语
)
The direct address of an absent or
imaginary person or of a personified abstraction,
especially as a digression in the
course of a speech or composition.
呼语：直接称呼不在场或虚构的人物或称呼拟人的事物，尤指作为演讲或作文过程中的离题话。<
/p>
nce
(
类韵
)
The
repetition of similar vowel sounds, especially in
poetry.
类音，类韵：相同或相似元音的重复，尤其指在诗歌中的重复。
here (
氛围
)
The prevailing mood or feeling of a
literary work.
12. Autobiography
(
自传
)
A person?s
account of his or her own life.
13. Ballad (
民谣
)
A narrative poem, often of folk origin
and intended to be sung.
14. Ballad
Stanza (
民谣诗节
)
A
type of four-line stanza, the first and the third
lines have four stressed words or syllables; the
second and fourth
lines have three
stresses.
15. Biography
(
传记
)
A detailed
account of a person?s life written by another
person.
传记：由他人篆写的关于某人生平的详细记录。
Verse (
无韵体诗
)
Verse written in unrhymed iambic
pentameter.
17. Caesura
(
休止
)
A break or
pause in a line of poetry.
18. Canto
(
章
)
One of the
principal divisions of a long poem..
诗章：一首长诗的主要部分之一。
19. Caricature
(
夸张讽刺
)
The use of
exaggeration or distortion to make a figure appear
comic or ridiculous.
夸张讽刺：为了使文中的人物显得可笑而
使用的夸张或扭曲人物形象的手法。
20.
Characterization (
人物刻画
)
The means by which a writer reveals the
personality of a character.
3.
人物刻画：作者表现作品中人物性格的方法。
21.
Classicism (
古典主义
)
A
movement
or
tendency
in
art,
literature,
or
music
that
reflects
the
principles
manifested
in
the
art
of
ancient
Greece
and Rome.
古典主义：一种在文学，艺术，音乐领域体现古代希腊，罗马风格
的运动。
22. Climax
(
高潮
)
The point of
greatest intensity, interest, or suspense in a
narrative.
23. Comedy
(
喜剧
)
A dramatic
work that is often humorous or satirical in tone
and usually contains a happy resolution of the
thematic
conflict.
喜剧：轻松的和常有
幽默感的或在调子上是讽刺的戏剧作品，常包括主题冲突的愉快解决
24. Conceit (
奇想
)
A kind of metaphor that makes a
comparison between two startlingly different
things.
奇想：一种在截然不同的事物之间建立起的比喻。
25. Conflict (
冲突
)
A struggle between two opposing forces
or characters in a short story, novel, play, or
narrative poem.
冲突：故事，小说，戏剧中相对的力量和人物之间的对立。
26. Connotation
(
外延
)
All the
emotions and associations that a word or phrase
may arouse.
外延：包括单词字面意思之外的或被该词汇唤起的全部内涵的
意义。
27. Consonance
(
辅音韵
)
The
repetition of consonants or a consonant pattern,
especially at the ends of words.
辅音韵：辅音或辅音模式的重复，尤指位于词尾的。
28. Couplet (
双韵体
)
A unit of verse consisting of two
successive lines, usually rhyming and having the
same meter and often forming a
complete
thought or syntactic unit.
双韵体：包括两个相连的诗
行的一种诗的单位，通常压韵并具有同样的格律，经常组成一个完整的意思和
句法单位<
/p>
29. Heroic couplet
(
英雄双韵体
)
A couplet
written in iambic pentameter is called a heroic
couplet.
英雄双韵体：五步抑扬格的双韵体称英雄双韵体。
30. Denotation
(
内涵
)
The literal
or dictionary meaning of a word.
直接意义：一个词的字面意义或词典意义。
31. Denouement
(
结局
)
The final
resolution or clarification of a dramatic or
narrative plot.
结局：戏剧或叙事场景的最后结果。
32. Diction (
措辞
)
A writer?s choice and use of words in
speech or writing, particularly for clarity,
effectiveness, and precision.
措词：讲话或书写中，出于表述清晰，言简意赅对词语的使用或选择。
33. Dissonance
(
不协和
)
A harsh or
disagreeable combination of sounds; discord.
34. Dramatic monologue
(
戏剧独白
)
A kind of
narrative poem in which one character speaks to
one or more listeners whose replies are not given
in the
poem.
35. Elegy
(
挽歌
)
A poem or
song composed especially as a lament for a
deceased person.
挽歌，挽诗：专门为悼念某一死者所写的诗或歌
.
36. Emblematic Image
(
象征
)
A verbal
picture of figure with a long tradition of moral
or religious meaning attached to it.
37. Epic (
史诗
)
An extended narrative poem in elevated
or dignified language, celebrating the feats of a
legendary or traditional
hero.
< br>史诗：用严肃或庄重的语言写成的叙事长诗，歌颂传奇中或历史上英雄的丰功伟绩
38. Epigram (
隽语
)
A concise, clever, often paradoxical
statement, susally in the form of a poem.
< br>隽语：一个简明，机智，常常似是而非的陈述
,
经常以诗
的形式出现
39. Epigraph (
< br>引语
/
开场白
)
A motto or quotation at the beginning
of a literary composition, setting forth a theme.
引语：在一部文学作品开头的引言，警句，阐明主题
40. Epilogue (
结语
/
收场白
)
A short
addition or concluding section at the end of a
literary work, often dealing with the future of
its characters.
Also called In this
sense, also called afterword
结语：文学作品结束时
简短的附加或总结性章节，常常关于作品人物的未来也作
在此意义上也可称作
afterword.
41.
Epiphany(
顿悟
)
A
moment of illumination, usually occurrs at or near
the end of a work.
顿悟
:
对现实真谛的顿悟或洞察
,
通常出现在作品的结尾<
/p>
.
42.
Epitaph(
墓志铭
)
An
inscription on a tombstone or in a short poem in
memory of someone who has been dead.
墓志铭：刻于墓碑上用以怀念死者的碑铭
.
43. Epithet
(
表述词语
)
A term
used to characterize a person or
thing
。
表述词语：用来表示某人某物特性的一个表达。
44. Essay (
散文
)
A short literary composition on a
single subject, usually presenting the personal
view of the author.
散文：内容通常论及一个主题的短小文章，
通常表达作者个人的观点
45. Exemplum
(
说教故事
)
A tale,
usually inserted into the text of a sermon, that
illustrates a moral principle.
说教故事
:
一种短小的体现某种道德原则的故事性文章，通常出现在布道文中
4.46. Fable
(
寓言
)
A brief
story that is told to present a moral, or
practical lesson.
寓言：一种体现某种道德观念或实用价值的说教性文章。
47. Farce (
轻喜剧
)
A kind of comedy based on a ridiculous
situation, often with stereotyped characters.
轻喜剧
:
一种以可笑的情节的为基础的喜剧，通常包含固定的角色。
48. Figurative Language
(
象征性语言
)
Language
that is not intended to be interpreted in a
literal sense.
象征性语言：不能直接用字面意义来理解的语言。
49. Figure of Speech
(
比喻
)
A word or an
expression that is not meant to be interpreted in
literal sense.
比喻：不能直接按照字面意义理解的词语或表述方法。
50. Flashback(
倒叙
)
A literary device in which an earlier
event is inserted into a narrative.
倒叙，
闪回镜头：一种文学或电影的表现手法，往往在一段按正常时间顺序记叙的叙事中插入一件以前发
生过的事情
51. Foil
(
陪衬
)
A character
who sets off another character by contrast.
陪衬：用来反衬其他人物的人物。
52. Foreshadowing
(
铺垫
)
The use of
hints or clues in a narrative to suggest what will
happen later.
铺垫：用来预示将要发生的事情的线索或暗示。
53. Free verse
(
自由诗体
)
Verses
that has neither a metrical pattern or an regular
pattern.
自由诗体
:
既不具
格式韵律又不具常规格律的诗体。
54.
hyperbole (
夸张法
)
A
figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for
emphasis or effect
夸张法：一种比喻，使用夸张来强调或产生某种效果。
55. Iambic pentameter
(
五步抑扬格
)
A poetic
line consisting of five verse
feet,
with each foot an iamb--that is, an unstressed
syllable followed by
a
stressed syllable.
五步抑扬格
:
一种诗句形式，每行诗句包含五个抑扬格音步。
56. Imagery(
意象
)
Words or phrases that create pictures,
or ima
ges, in readers? mind.
意象：用来在读者的思维中唤起某种图示或形象的词汇。
57. Incremental repetition
(
递进重复
)
The
repetition of a previous line or lines, but with a
slight variation each time that advances the
narrative stanza by
stanza.
递进重复：诗歌中对上文中一行或几行的重复，但每次重复都有一定的变化，而且每一节的重复中的叙述
都有所强化
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