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上海市建平中学高二下学期期末考试英语试题 (解析版)

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2021-01-29 09:32
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-文过饰非

2021年1月29日发(作者:wishes是什么意思)




上海市建平中学高二



第二学期期终试题



II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A


Directions:


After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage


coherent and grammatically correct For the blanks with a given word, fill in each


blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word


that best fits each blank.


Buy, buy in Bangkok


The city of angles is a divine destination for those who are in heaven when


they shop



spa and eat, according to a report by China Daily.


Even if you are just in town for a few days, ___1___ (shop) in Bangkok is an


experience not to be missed. From air-conditioned malls to cheerful markets, you


have a trip made in heaven for those ___2___ like to keep the swings open.


It is in Central Bangkok ___3___ you will also find the tempting delights and


welcoming chilled (


休闲舒适的


)interiors of refined palaces of luxury consumption


such as Central Chidlom



which has a



one-stop shopping




philosophy ___4___


(feature) a wide selection of goods from both international and top local brand


names. In-store services include personal fashion stylists who will provide


professional advice ___5___ clothing, make-up, hair styling and accessories that


will suit you best. For Muslim customers there



s a prayer room ___6___ (locate) on


the 6


th


floor. The store is also a participant in Bangkok



s VAT refund (


增值税退



)for tourists. This means most tourists ___7___ claim a VAT refund of from 4 to


6.1 percent ___8___ they spend 2,000 baht (64$$) or more in a day and claim a


refund at the airport.


Just a few minutes




walk from Chidlom is one of Bangkok



s popular


recreational destinations for young people. Central World is a buzzing 550,000


square meters



th at



s 77 soccer fields




of retail and entertainment, including


two mega stores ZEN and Isetan, more than 500 stores



100-pius restaurants, a


15-screen cinema, an ice skating rink and ___9___ (large) supermarket in Asia.




And you can drop your kids off at the play and learning centers, Thailand


Knowledge Park or Genius Planet Zone, where there are trained supervisors


_____10_____ (keep) an eye on them and guarantee they make the most of the


edutainment environments.


【答案】


1. shopping






2. who





3. that






4. featuring






5. about/on






6. located





7. can






8. if





9. the largest






10. to keep


【解析】



本文是一篇说明文,介绍了在泰国曼谷购物和娱乐是一种不容错过的体验。




1


题详解】



考查非谓语动词。句意:


即使你只是在那呆几天,


在曼谷购物也是一种不容错过的体验。此


处的


sho p


为动词,


表示


“购物”



分析句子结构可知应该用动名词作主语,


故填


shopping




2


题详解】



考查定语从句。


句意:从有空调的商场到热闹的市场,对于那些 喜欢逛街的人来说,这是一


次天堂之旅。先行为


those


,指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填


who

< br>。




3


题详解】



考查强调句型。


句意:


在曼谷市中心,


你还会发现吸引人的娱乐场所和精致奢华的高档消费


场所。将< /p>


It is


和空处去掉后句子结构依然完整,因此本句为强调句型 (基本结构为:


it is+


被强调部分


+that+


其余部分)


,本句强调的是地点状语

< p>
in Central Bangkok


,故填


t hat





4


题详解】



考查非谓语动词。句意:该公司拥有“一站式购物”的购物理念,从国际和本地顶级品牌 中


挑选多种商品。


a



one-stop


shopping




philosophy



featu re


之间是逻辑上的主谓


关系,表示主动,用现在分词作后置定 语,故填


featuring





5


题详解】



考查介词。句意:店内服务包括个人时尚造型师,他们会为你提供最适合你的服装、化妆 、




发型设计和配饰方面的专业建议。


advice


about/on


表示“关于……的建议”


,故填< /p>


about/on





6


题详解】



考查非谓语动词。


句意:


六楼有一个为 穆斯林游客准备的祈祷室。


be located+


介词表示< /p>


“位


于”


,此处去掉

be


作后置定语,故填


located




7


题详解】



考查情态动词。句意:这意味着,如果大多数游客在一天内花费


2000


泰铢(


64


美元)或


以上并在机场申请退税,他们可以申请


4%


至< /p>


6.1%


的增值税退税。根据句意可知此处表示

< br>“能够、可以”


,故填


can





8


题详解】



考查条件状语从句。句意同上,根据句意可知,花费


2000< /p>


泰铢(


64


美元)或以上并在机


场申请退税是游客申请


4%


< br>6.1%


的增值税退税的条件,此处表示“如果”


,故填


if





9


题详解】



考查形容词最高级。


句意:


“中心世界 ”


占地


55


万平方米,


拥有


77


个足球零售和娱乐场所,

其中包括两个大型商店


Zen



I setan



500


多家商店、


100



Pius


餐 厅、


15


个银幕影院、


一个溜冰场和亚 洲最大的超市。根据句意可知此处指的的是“亚洲最大的超市”


,突出“中


心世界”的规模之大,故填


the largest





10


题详解】



考查不定式。


句意:


那里有训练有素的主管去密切关注他们,


确保他们充分利用寓教于乐的


环境。此处表示目的,应该用不定式作目的状语, 故填


to keep







Directions:


Complete the following sentences by using the proper form of the


words or expressions given in the frame. Each one can only be used once.



Why your Password May Not Be As Safe As It Seems?



Does



qaz2ws




strike


you as a nice safe password? What about



adgjmp tw



? An analysis has found


them to be among the passwords that are most ______11______ used, which of




course means they are not secure at all.


When ten million passwords were leaked on to the internet



they appeared to


______12______that attempts by internet security experts to make us improve our


password strength had been successful, even if, in the specific case of the leaked


passwords, they are also completely pointless.


While many of the passwords were still single words, such as


< p>
password




t here was also a clear attempt by many to make them harder to______13______


.



The problem was that people seemed to do so in the same way.



Users are becoming slightly more ______14______what makes a password


strong




explained WP Engine, an internet company that performed the analysis.



For instance, adding a number or two at the end of a text phrase. That makes it


better, right?




But _____15_____no. They found that almost half a million passwords did this


and in 20 percent of those all people did was put the number



1




at the end.


Perhaps this is why some companies are now trying to move gradually beyond


passwords. Yahoo! is giving users the option to _____16_____ their mobile phone


with an account



having a single use passwords texted to it each time they want


to log on.


Although the serviced is voluntary, Dylan Casey an executive at Yahoo!



said


that it was



the first step to___17___passwords



. He said it was


a(n)____18____that it was increasingly hard for people to remember all the


passwords they had.



I don



t think we, as an industry, have done a good enough


job of putting ourselves in the shoes of the people using our products,




he said.


It would certainly be a more sensible strategy than same people



s improving


upon



password




by using


password




or




tran5p 053d numb3r5 f0r


133tr3r5



.



We are, for the most part



predictably______19______when it comes to


choosing passwords, despite a decade of warnings from password strength


checkers during sign- ups




said WP Engine.



We love taking a(n) _____20_____,



,


,



and so do password crackers.


【答案】


11. C





12. D






13. F





14. E






15. B





16. I






17. G





18. A






19. K





20. J


【解析】



本文是一篇说明文,分析了互联网上密码越来越不安全的原因。




11


题详解】



考查副词。


句意:


一项分析发现,


它们是最常用的密码之一,


这当然意味着它们根本不安全。


修饰动词


used


用副词,根据“


which of course means they are not secure at all.


”可


知此处表示“通常地”

,故选


C




12


题详解】



考查动词。句意:当


1000


万个密码被泄露到互联网 上时,它们似乎表明(证实)


,互联网


安全专家试图让我们提高 密码强度的努力是成功的。


appear to do


表示“似 乎做……”


,根


据“


that attempts by internet security experts to make us improve our password


strength had been successful


”可知此处表示“证实”


,故选


D





13


题详解】



考查动词。句意:许多人显然试图让它们更难被破解。


make sth hard to do


表示“使某


< br>/


物很难……”


,根据“


Whi le many of the passwords were still single words, such


as



password




there was also a clear attempt by many to make them harder to



可知此处表示“破解”


,故选


F




14


题详解】



考查形容词。


句意:


用户略微地意识到是什么使密码更强大。

根据



what makes a password < /p>


strong


”可知此处表示“意识到”



be/become


conscious


of


表示“意识到、知道”


,故



E





15


题详解】



考查副词。句意:但实际上没有。他们发现,有近


50


万个密 码都是这样做的,其中


20%


的人都是把数字

< br>1


放在最后。根据“


They found that almost half a million passwords




did this and in 20 percent of those all people did was put the number



1




at the


end.


”可知此处表 示“实际上并没有”


,故选


B





16


题详解】< /p>



考查动词。


句意:

雅虎允许用户选择将自己的手机与账户关联起来,


用户每次登录时都可以

< p>
通过短信向该账户发送一次使用密码。


根据



having a single use passwords texted to it


each time they want to log on.


”可知此处表示“使关联、联系”



associa te



with


…表

< br>示“将……和……联系起来”


,故选


I

< br>。




17

题详解】



考查动词。句意:雅虎的高管迪伦凯西说,这是 解除密码的第一步。


the first step


后接不


定式作定语,表示“……的第一步”


,用户将自己的手机与账户捆绑 起来是解除密码的第一


步,此处表示“解除”


,故选

< p>
G





18


题详解】



考查名词。句 意:他说,人们承认越来越难记住他们所有的密码。此处缺少名词作表语,根


据“


that it was increasingly hard for people to remember all the passwords they


had.


”可知此处表示“承认”


,故选


A





19


题详解】



考查形容词。句意:


在很大程度上,


我们在选择密码时非常缺乏想象力,尽管密码强度检查


器在注册期间警告了我们十年。此处缺少形容词作表语,根据“


des pite


a


decade


of


warnings from password strength checkers during sign-ups


”可知此处表示“缺乏

< p>
想象力的”


,故选


K


。< /p>




20


题详解 】



考查名词。句意:我们喜欢走捷径,密码破解者也是如此。 作动词


taking


的宾语用名词,


我们在设置密码时缺乏想象力是因为我们喜欢走捷径,此处表示“捷径”


,故选


J






. Reading Comprehension (45%)


Section A


Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or


phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that


best fits the context.




Some of the advantages of bilingualism include better performance at tasks


involving brain



s ability to plan and prioritize, better defense against Alzheimer



s (


阿尔茨海默氏病


)


i


n old age and the obvious the ability to speak a second language.


One advantage was not mentioned, though. Many multilinguals report different



___21___. or even different worldviews, when they speak their different languages.


It



s an exciting idea that one



s very self could be___22___ by the mastery of


two or more languages other than in obvious ways such as____23____to new


friends and literature



A former colleague,



___24___, reported being ruder in


Hebrew than in English. So what is going on here?


This___25___is not necessarily linked to the vocabulary or grammar of a


second language. Significantly, most people are not symmetrically (


对称性



)


bilingual. Many have learned one language at home from parents, and another


later in life, usually at school. They usually have different____26____in their


different languages, and they are not always best in their first language. For


example, when____27____in a foreign language, people are less likely to fall into a


cognitive trap (answering a test question with an obvious-seeming but wrong


answer) than in their native language. In part this is because working in a second


language____28____the thinking. No wonder people feel different when speaking


them. And no wonder they feel relaxed, perhaps more assertive or funnier, in the


language where they were____29____from childhood.


Then



what of those bilinguals raised in two languages? Even for a speaker


whose two languages are___30___ in ability, there is another big reason that


person will feel different in the two languages. This is because there is an


important___31___between bilingualism and biculturalism. Of those bicultural


bilinguals, we should be little___32___that they feel different in their two


languages. Experiments in psychology have shown the power of



priming




small


unnoticed factors that can affect behavior in big ways. Asking people to tell a


happy story, for example, will put them in a better mood. The choice between two


languages is a huge prime. Speaking Spanish rather than English, for a bilingual


,




and bicultural Puerto Rican


(波多黎各人)


in New York, might ___33___ feelings of


family and home. Switching to English might prime the same person to think of


school and work.


So there are two very good reasons, asymmetrical ability and ____34____, that


make people feel different speaking their different languages. We are still left with


a third kind of____35____, though. We often see some languages




inherent


(内在


的)


properties overlap



重叠)


with national stereotypes: French, rigorous; German,


logical; English



playful. In this case, is there any convincing line of cause from


grammar to personality?


21. A. scholars


intelligence


22. A. maintained


broadened


23. A. attention


attraction


24. A. in turn


course


25. A. challenge


B. influence


C. mastery


D. benefit


C.


B. for example


C. in another way


D. of


B. adaption


C. exposure


D.


B. upgraded


C. examined


D.


B. personalities


C. evolution


D.


26. A. cause and effect


B. problems and solutions


strengths and weaknesses


27. A. spoken


pressed


28. A. slow down


29. A. related to


obsessed with


30. A. familiar


practical


31. A. relationship


emphasis


B. distinction


C. limitation


B. unique


C. equal


B. result in


B. brought up


C. break up


C. fixed on


B. taught


D. pains and gains


C. tested


D.


D. cut up


D.


D.


D.




32. A. embarrassed


exhausted


33. A. arouse


demand


34. A. biculturalism


education


35. A. gift


principle


B. accustomed


C. surprised


D.


B. oppress


C. explain


D.


B. priming


C. location


D.


B. definition


C. argument


D.


【答案】


21. B





22. D





23. C





24. B





25. B





26. C





27. C





28. A





29. B





30. C





31. B





32. C





33. A





34. A





35. C


【解析】



【分析】



本文是一篇说明文,介绍了 双语的优缺点及其对双语学习者不同影响。




21


题详解】



考查名词词义 辨析。


句意:


许多会说多种语言的人有不同的性格,

< p>
甚至世界观。


A. scholars


学者;


B.


per sonalities


品格、个性;


C. evolution


演变;


D.


in telligence


智慧。根据空


后的“

or even different worldviews,


”可知,会说多种 语言的人有不同的性格和世界观,



B


项正确。




22

题详解】



考查动词词义辨析。


句 意:


一个人的自我认知可能是通过掌握两种或两种以上语言,


而 不是


以明显的方式,


如接触到新朋友和文学的方式得以拓展。< /p>


A. maintained


维持;


B. upgraded


升级;


C.


examined


检查;


D.


broadened


扩大、拓宽。根据常识可知,掌握多种语言可


以拓宽一个人的自我认知(眼界)


,故


D< /p>


项正确。




2 3


题详解】



考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。


A.


attention


注意力;


B.


adaption


适应;


C.


exposure


接触;


D. attraction


吸引力。根据空后的“


to new friends and literature


”可知此处指


接触朋友和文学,故


C


项正确。




24


题详解】



考查介词短语辨析。句意:例如,一个以前的同事说,希伯来语比英语更粗鲁。那么这是 怎




么回事?


A. in turn


轮流;


B. for example


例如;


C. in another way





另一方面;


D. of


course


当然。句意为一个以前同事说,希伯来语比英语更粗鲁,这是作者举的一个例子,



B


项正确。




25


题详解】



考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个影响不一定与第二语言的词汇或语法有关。


A.


challenge


挑战;


B. influence


影响;


C. mastery


精通;


D. benefit

< br>好处。


根据下文原因论述



In part


this is because working in a second language




8




the thinking


”及上文说到那么

< br>这是怎么回事?可判断此处指影响,故


B


项正确。




26


题详解】< /p>



考查名词词义辨析。


句意:

< p>
他们在不同的语言中通常有不同的优点和缺点,


在他们的母语中

< p>
并不总是最好的。


A. cause and effect


原因和结果;


B. problems and solutions


问题和


解决办法;


C. strengths and weaknesses


长处和短处;


D. pains and gains


付出与收获。


根据空后的“


and they are not always best in their first langua ge.


”可知,语言学习


对人的影响有优缺点,故


C


项正确。



< p>
27


题详解】



考查动词 词义辨析。句意:例如,当用外语测试时,人们陷入认知陷阱


(


用看似明显但错误


的答案回答测试问题


)


的可能性比用母语测试要小。


A.


spoken


说;






B.


taught


教;


C.


tested


测试;


D. pressed


压。根据下文研究测试



(answering a test question with an


obvious-seeming but wrong answer)

< p>
可知此处指外语测试,故


C


项正确。




28


题详解】



考查动词短语辨析。


句意:

< br>在某种程度上,


这是因为用第二语言使思维变慢。


A. slow down


减速;


B.


result


in


导致;


C.


break


up


打碎;


D.


cut


up


切碎。根据上文中的



when____7____in a foreign language, people are less likely to fall into a cognitive


trap



可知 ,


在外语中,


人们比母语更不可能陷入认知陷阱是因为第二语言 的环境会减缓人


的思维,且与下文


no wonder


相呼应,故


A


项正确。




29


题详解】



考查动词短语辨析。


句意:难怪在他们从小长大的语言环境 中,他们会感到放松,


也许会更


自信或更有趣。


A. related to


与……有关;


B. brought up


教育、长大;


C. fixed on


固定;


D. obsessed with


痴迷于。根据空后的“


from childhood.


”可知,此处指在他们从小长




大的语言环境中,故


B


项正确。




30


题详解】



考查形容词词义辨析。


句意:


即使是一个说两种语言能力相当的人,


也会因 为另一个重要的


原因而觉得两种语言不同。


A. familiar


熟悉的;


B. unique


独一无二的;


C. equal


相等的;


D. practical


实际的。根据空后的“


in ability, there is another big reason that person


will feel different in the two language s.


”可知,即使是一个说两种语言能力相当的人,


也会因为另 一个重要的原因而觉得两种语言不同,故


C


项正确。

< p>



31


题详解】





< p>
















二< /p>









< p>







A.


relationship


关系;


B. distinction


区别;


C. limitation


限制;


D. emphasis


重点。即使


是一个说两种语言能力相当的人也会觉得两种语言不同是因为 双语和二元文化之间有区别,



B


项正 确。




32


题详解】



考查形容词词义辨析。


句意 :


在那些接受两种文化双语者中,


我们应该毫不奇怪他们在两种


语言中的感受不同。


A. embarrassed


尴尬的;


B. accustomed


习惯的;


C. surprised



讶的;


D. < /p>


exhausted


精疲力尽的。根据空后的“

< br>that


they


feel


different


in


their


two


languag es.


”可知,接受两种文化的双语者对两种语言的感受不同,这一点并不让我们感


到惊讶,故


C


项正确。



33


题详解】



考查动词词义辨析。句意:说西班牙语


,

< p>
而不是英语


,


双语和二元文化的波多黎各人在纽约 可


能会唤起家的感觉。


A. arouse


引起、


唤起;


B. oppress


压抑;


C. explain


解释;


D. demand


要求。根据空后的“


Switching to English might prime the same person to think of


school and work.


”可知,换用英语可能会让 同一个人想起学校和工作,因此双语和二元


文化的波多黎各人在纽约可能会唤起家的感觉 ,故


A


项正确。



34


题详解】



考查名词词义辨析。


句意:所以有两个很好的原因,不对称的能力和二元文化, 让人们觉得


说不同的语言是不同的。


A. biculturalism


二元文化;


B. priming


底料;


C. location


位置;


D. education

< p>
教育。根据上文介绍的二元文化对双语学习者的影响可知,二元文化让人们


觉得说不同的语言是不一样的,故


A


项正确。

< br>





35


题详解】



考查名词词义辨析。


句意:不过,我们还有第三种论证。


我们经常看到一些语言的固 有属性


与民族定型观念重叠。


A.


gift


天赋;


B.


definition


定义;


C.


argument


争论、论证;


D.


principle


原则。我们经常看到一些语言的固有属性与 民族定型观念重叠,这是除了上文所


说的不对称的能力和二元文化之外对双语学习者产生 影响的第三种论证,故


C


项正确。


< /p>


【点睛】本篇第


14


< br>D



education


的干扰 性很大,根据常识,很多同学会认为接受教


育的不同而影响一个人使用语言的能力,但根 据上文中“


between


bilingualism


and


biculturalism.

”可知,一个说两种语言能力相当的人,也会觉得两种语言不同是因为双


语和二元文 化之间有区别,因此此处说的是二元文化对人们使用语言的影响,故选


bicultur alism





Section B


Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several


questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices


marked A



B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information


given in the passage you have just read.



A




The train was speeding onward and the plains of Texas were pouring eastward.


A newly married pair had boarded this coach at San Antonio. The man



s face


was reddened from many days in the wind and sun, and a direct result of his new


black clothes was that from time to time he looked down respectfully at his clothes.


He sat with a hand on each knee, like a man waiting in a barber



s shop. The glace


she devoted to other passengers were shy. The bride was not pretty. She wore a


dress of blue cashmere. She continually twisted her head to regard her puff


sleeves. They embarrassed her. The blushes




脸红)


caused by the careless glances


of some passengers as she had entered the car were strange to see.


They were evidently very happy.



Ever been in a parlor-car < /p>


(特等火车)


before?




he asked, smiling with delight.



No,




she answered;



I never was. It



s fine

< br>,


ain



t it?







Great! And then after a while we



ll go forward to the dinner. Fresh meal in


the world. Charge a dollar.





Oh, do they?




cried the bride.



Charge a dollar? Why



that



s too much




for us




ain



t it, Jack?




Later he explained to her about the trains.



You see, if s a thousand miles


from one end of Texas to the other; and this runs right across it, and never stops


but four times.




He had the pride of an owner. He pointed out to her the dazzling


fittings of the coach; and in truth her eyes opened wider and she watched the


sea-green velvet


(丝绒人)


, the shining bronze



silver, and glass, the wood that


glowed as darkly brilliant as the surface of a pool of oil. At one end a bronze statue


held a support for a separated room, and on the ceiling were frescos


(壁画



in olive


and silver.


To the minds of the pair


,


their surroundings reflected the glory of their


marriage that morning in San Antonio: this was the environment of their new


estate; and the man



s face in particular shone with an elation


(得意)


that made


him appear ridiculous to the Negro porter. This porter at times surveyed them


with an amused and superior grin. On other occasions he bullied them with skill


in ways that did not make it easy to them that they were being bullied. He


oppressed them. But of this oppression they had small knowledge, and


infrequently, a number of travelers covered them with stares of derisive


(嘲讽的)


enjoyment.


At last they went to the dining-car. Two rows of Negro waiters, in glowing


white suits, surveyed their entrance with the interest. The pair fell to the seats of


a waiter who happened to feel pleasure in steering them through their meal. He


viewed them with the manner of a fatherly guide, his face radiant with kindness.


The service, coupled with the ordinary deference


(毕恭毕敬)



w as rare to them. And


yet, as they returned to their coach, they showed in their faces a sense of escape.


36. The description of the couple's clothes and behaviour seems to indicate that


they had a sense of ____.




A. superiority


C. despair


B. awkwardness


D. satisfaction


37. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?


A. The interior of the coach was luxurious and modem.


B. The Negro porter was very helpful to the couple.


C. It was the first time for the couple to take a train in Texas.


D. Some passengers on the train took the couple as an object of fun.


38. What does the underlined word


< br>surveyed




mean in the 8th paragraph?


A. monitored


C. searched


B. observed


D. investigated


39. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?


A. The waiter was indifferent to the couple.


B. The couple felt uneasy at dinner.


C. The service was satisfactory.


D. The couple enjoyed the dinner.


【答案】


36. B





37. D





38. B





39. B


【解析】



【分析】



本文是一篇记叙文,


讲述了一对新婚夫妇在圣安东尼奥乘车前往得克萨斯州的过程中受到嘲


笑的故事。




36

< br>题详解】



推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“



They embarrassed her.


”可知,这对夫 妇当时感


到很尴尬,


由此可知,


对这对 夫妇衣着和行为的描写表明他们有一种尴尬的感觉,


故答案为


C





37< /p>


题详解】



细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“



a number of travelers covered them with stares


of derisive


(嘲讽的)


enjoyment.


”可知,一些乘客把这对夫妇当作嘲讽的对象,故 答案



D





38


题详解】



-文过饰非


-文过饰非


-文过饰非


-文过饰非


-文过饰非


-文过饰非


-文过饰非


-文过饰非



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