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2020年高考英语新题型:读后续写,概要写作以及大作文模板

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2021-01-29 06:30
tags:

-kindergarten

2021年1月29日发(作者:黑铁管)


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202 0


年高考英语新题型:读后续写,概要写作以及大作文模板



一道题目,双倍难度。



< p>
认真讲,


以前英语老师会说:


“得阅读者得天下” ,


因为阅读理解考查学生的


能力最综合,得分也难。而英语作文 ,只要背够连接词、链接句、再来几个经


典长难句,基准分是有保障的。





可如今的“概要写作” “读后续写”,已不再是背几十个单词,用用


on the


one hand......on the other hand


就可以应付了,在写作之前,先得读懂阅


读材料,


还得 构思与原文衔接、


还要用上原文所给的五个单词,


然后才能续写 。


2015



8


月,


在教育部考试中心发布的


《普通高等学校招生全国 统一考试英


语科考试说明》中,提出了写作新题型:读后续写或概要写作,两种形式在不


同考次不定期交替使用。读后续写作为一种全新的高考题型,于


2016



10


月首次在浙江英语高考卷中亮相,并用至今。



该题型已经在浙江、山东、辽宁等省份的日常考试中频繁出现,并将在


2020


年高考中使用。河北、江苏、北京、天津、海南、湖南、湖北、广东、福建、

< p>
重庆等省份也在陆续将新题型纳入日常练习和高考考查中。


“概要写作”重 点


考查考生理解和呈现原文要点和准确使用词汇和语法结构的能力。

要求学生客


观并且简练的概括出原文,而且要保证故事的完整连贯,逻辑通顺。


(这类题


型相对来说比较简单;


考察三方面 的能力:


1.


找关键词的能力;


2.


把关键词


写成正确句子的能力;


3.


把句子写成合理的段落的能力问题


4


: 读读后续写


主要关注学生以下四个方面的能力:①把握短文关键信息和语言特点的能力。



18



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学生需要了解所给短文的主要内容,


清楚其关键词和语言结构的使用情况,

< p>


通过续写短文表现出来。


②语言运用的准确性和 丰富性。


学生能准确、


恰当地


使用所学 词汇和语言结构,


还能够根据内容需要使用较多、


较复杂的词汇 和语


言结构。


③对语篇结构的把控能力。


学生需要掌握上下文逻辑关系,


所续写的


短文与所给短文及段 落开头语之间要有连贯性,所续写的短文内语句要连贯、


有序。


④创造性思维能力。


学生所续写的短文要具有较丰富的内容,


包 含详细


和生动的情景、态度和感情描述。样子?


(2018



6


月浙江高考真题


)


注意


:1.


所续写短文的词数 应为


150


左右;


2.


至少使用


5


个短文中标有下划


线的关键词语;


3.


续写部分分为两段,

< br>每段的开头语已为你写好;


4.


续写完


成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。


Paragraph


1:Suddenly


a


little


rabbit


jumped


out


in


front


of


my


aph


2:We


had


no


idea


where


we were and it was getting dark.


问题


6


:读后续写评分标得分标准(

< br>1



与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度;



2



内容的丰富性和对所 给关键词语的


覆盖情况;



3



应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性;


(< /p>


4



上下文的连贯性。

< br>


扣分标准(


1


)总分


25


分,按


5


个档次给 分;



2


)根据写作内容及语言初步定


档(


3


)词数少于

130


的,扣


2


分;



4


)单词拼写及标点符号使用情况,视其


对交际的影响程度酌情考虑;



5



书写较差以致于影响交际,


可酌情降低评分


档次。


21-25


分档的评分标准:


问题


7



读后续写解题 思◆



续写思路和以往的


高考英语命题 作文不同,


读后续写要求考生首先要读懂已有信息,


不仅要读懂


字面含义,


还要厘清文章的脉络和关系。


续写这篇短文时,


考生需要明白故事


的发展进程、前因后果、 地理位置变化、人物情感等。在此基础上,考生顺着


文章的思路,根据线索,发挥想象, 对其后的情节进行合理预测,并用英语表



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达出来。同时,在组织语言时,切记使用


5


个以上给出的提示 词。





续 写分析(以上文浙江省真题为例)已知线索:去西部荒野——体验农场


生活——骑马去森 林


(父亲带作者去“西部荒野”,


喂鸡牧羊,

< br>体验农场生活;


见父亲和叔叔骑马很是潇洒,


作者心生向 往,


于是亲身上马体验,


和父亲一同


骑 马走向森林……)



可续写线索:迷路?找到回农场的方法?回到农场?


1.


第一段所给首句


“Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse.”这一句


是故事发展的转折点,


可从兔子出现后带来的结果入手扩展开去,


可以写马受


到惊吓狂奔而去,


也可以写因追赶兔子而 迷路,


无论从何角度拓展,


需注意与


续 写第二段首句呼应。


2.


第二段所给首句“We


had


no


idea


where


we


were


and


it was getting dark.”这一句呼应前文


Uncle Paul


的嘱托—— 不要误了晚


饭、


不要迷路,


可以从如何 寻路返回入手去写续文。


前文提示农场附近有河流,


并且


river


为标有下划线的关键词语,


所以可 以从沿着河流回到农场的角度拓


展。





续写词汇已给提示词汇:


dad



Uncle Paul



farm house


,< /p>


river



feed

< br>,


sheep



late



track



ge t


lost



sight

< p>
话题激活词汇:


情感:


panic



relief



nervo us



worried


动作:


run



cry



think


to


oneself


环境:


scenery


mountain



range



valley



river

< p>


lake



fores t



sun



set



wind


< br>blowOne


possible


version:




高分范例


Paragraph 1:Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front


of my horse. Dad and I found it was so cute that we decided to chase


it. After a while, we were completely lost in the forest. There was



18



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nothing left in oursight but the trees. “We may not be able to make


it back to the farm house in time for supper.” I thought to myself.


After a series of fruitless attempts to find a way out, we felt hungry


and tired.


Paragraph 2:We had no idea where we were and it was getting dark. We


got


stuck


in


the


forest.


And


an


unexpected


shower


added


to


the


difficulty


of


us


in


finding


a


way


home,


for


all


the


tracks


we


had


made


disappeared


because of the rain. I was almost on the edge of breaking down when my


father said, “Don’


t worry, my son. I remember there is a river near


the farm house. Find the river and we will be back home.” Finally, we


found the river and got back to the house along it. Needless to say,


we ate alate dinner. < /p>


“读后续写”重点考查考生所写短文与原文及所给段落开头语的衔接程度、



容的丰富性和文字语句使用的准确性。


< p>
“读后续写”备考攻略(


1


)精读文章,确定文章 线索。每篇文章都有各自独


特的写作思路,通过精读文章(考试说明中的样题是记叙文, 所以可以推测,


考察的主要类型是记叙文,所以下边的方法才成立)

,找到该篇文章的写作线


索,例如什么人(


who


)什么时间


(when)


在什么地方

< p>
(where)


因为什么


(why)



了什么事儿


(what)


,最后有了什么发展


(how)


。这样分析有利于考生“顺藤摸


瓜”。



2


) 仔细审题,明确续写要求。一般短文后面的“注意”都有对此短文


续写的具体要求,


如字数限制、


使用几处下划线关键词语、


续 写段落的首句提


示,这样考生能做到“心中有数”。



3


)回扣原文,揣摩续写思路。根据文章



18



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后面的要求,再次快速回读短文,抓住文章的思路,结合段首的提示语,最终


确定续写 段落的思路,


同时结合文章划线词语提示,


确定续写段落的内容 。



4



拟写 草稿,


修改错词病句。


在确定了思路和内容之后,


最关键的就是结合提示


语或者文中划线的关键词语拟写草稿。


拟写时,


注意句子结构的多样性、


语言


的丰富性,


并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用,


使上 下文连贯。


这一步是得


分的关键。必杀技:使用


2-5


个动作描写,


1-2


个 环境描写,


1-2


个对话,


1-2


个表情或者心情。例如:


Paragraph


1:Suddenly


a


little


rabbit


jumped


out


in front of my horse. Dad and I found it was so cute that we decided


to chase it


(动作一)


. After a while, we were completely lost in the


forest.


(连接词


+


动作二)


There


was


nothing


left


in


oursight


but


the


trees.


(环境)“We may not be able to make it back to the farm house


in time for supper.” I thought to myself.(对话,直言自语)



After a


series


of


fruitless


attempts


to


find


a


way


out,


we


felt


hungry


and


tired.


(动作三


+


心情表情)


Paragraph


2:We


had


no


idea


where


we


were


and


it


was


getting dark. We got stuck in the forest


(动作一)


. And an unexpected


shower


added


to


the


difficulty


of


us


in


finding


a


way


home,


for


all


the


tracks


we


had


made


disappeared


because


of


the


rain


(环境)


.


I


was


almost


on the edge of breaking down


(心情表情)when my father said, “Don’


t worry, my son. I remember there is a river near the farm house. Find


the river and we will be back home.”(对话)



Finally, we found the


river


and


got


back


to


the


house


along


it.


Needless


to


say,


we


ate


alate


dinner.


(动作二)老师有话说:方法不难,积累是关键。应注意 积累记叙文



18



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和故事类篇章中的词汇、


句型和语段,


尤其是涉及故事细节描 写和人物的表情、


动作、心理活动等的表达,丰富自己的记叙文类英文语料库。



5


)标出续写部


分中 使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语。


这一点可以帮助考生检查关键


词语的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。


最后在誊写文字时,

务必做到“字迹工


整、清晰”。



步骤


1


:阅读文章,找到核心词句。



Parents


everywhere


praise


their


kids.


(错误论点)


Jenn


Berman,


author


of


The


A


to


Z


Guide


to


Raising


Happy


and


Confident


Kids,says,


“We’ve


gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended


to


be


more


strict.” (名人论据)


By


giving


kids


a


lot


of


praise,


parents


think they’re building their children’s confidence, when,



in fact


(此词一出,前后相反)


,


it may be just the opposite.


(转折,说明后


文中药)Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way that’s


insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear


of not being able to stay on top where their parents’ praise has put


them.




(核心结论,简而言之:


Too much praise can backfire






Still,


don’t


go


too


far


in


the


other


direction.



论点:


Too


little


praise


is


damaging



Not


giving


enough


praise


can


be


just


as


damaging


as


giving


too


much.


(论据一)Kids


will


feel


like


they’re


not


good


enough


or


that


you don’t care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for


their a ccomplishments.


(论据二)


(来源:


gaokaoyingyu


150





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So


what


is


the


right


amount


of


praise?


(问句引出话题)


Experts


say


that


the quality of praise is more important than the quant ity.


(论点,但



quality



quantity


不够具体,所以可 以把


quality


,替代为:


sin cere



focus


on


effort



process



quantity


代替为:


outcome



end



If


praise


is


sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as


often


as


your


child


does


something


that


deserves


a


verbal


reward.” (论


据一)We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push


themselves and work hard to achieve a goal, “says Donahue, author


ofParenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What


Really


Matters.


”One


thing


to


remember


is


that


it’s


the


process


not


the end product that matters.”(论据二)





Your


son


may


not


be


the


best


basketball


player


on


his


team.


But


if


he’s


out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort


regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and


not


the


outcome


can


also


mean


recognizing


your


child


when


she


has


worked


hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report.


(论据)


But


whatever


it is,


praise


should be given


on a case-by-case


basis


and


be


proportion ate(


相称的


)to


the


amount


of


effort


your


child


has


put


into


it.


(结论,


主句作用大于从句,


核心词,


effort



(来源:


gaokaoyingyu150







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步骤二:形成句子:



1.


Parents everywhere praise


their kids.


2.


Too much and too little praise can be


damaging.


3.


Parents


should be sincere and


focus on


the process.


4.


Parents


should


give


praise


to


rhe


efforts


their


kids


put


into


the process.




步骤三:形成段落:



参考答案:


Parents


tend


to


go


to


extremes


when


it


comes


to


praising


their


kids. (


要点一


)


Yet,


both


too


much


and


too


little praise


can


be


equally


damaging. (


要点二


) When giving praise, parents should be sincere and


concentrate on the process instead of the result. (


要点三


) Similarly,


they


ought to


give praise for


how


much effort


their kids have invested


in the work they



re involved in. (


要点四


)


考研英语(一)的大作文写作主要考察图画作文的形式。



以下的功能句,既能用于整篇作文的开篇,亦可用于第二、三段的写作。而这


些功能句通过逻辑关系排序、连接起来其实就组合成一篇作文。



1.



功能表达:……值得关注



· 表示某事值得关注:


be worth doing/n.


This picture is particularly worth concern for the reason that the


painter focuses his eyesight on the contemporary family education in


China.



18


-kindergarten


-kindergarten


-kindergarten


-kindergarten


-kindergarten


-kindergarten


-kindergarten


-kindergarten



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