-kindergarten
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202
0
年高考英语新题型:读后续写,概要写作以及大作文模板
一道题目,双倍难度。
认真讲,
以前英语老师会说:
“得阅读者得天下”
,
因为阅读理解考查学生的
能力最综合,得分也难。而英语作文
,只要背够连接词、链接句、再来几个经
典长难句,基准分是有保障的。
可如今的“概要写作”
“读后续写”,已不再是背几十个单词,用用
on the
one hand......on the other hand
就可以应付了,在写作之前,先得读懂阅
读材料,
还得
构思与原文衔接、
还要用上原文所给的五个单词,
然后才能续写
。
2015
年
8
月,
在教育部考试中心发布的
《普通高等学校招生全国
统一考试英
语科考试说明》中,提出了写作新题型:读后续写或概要写作,两种形式在不
同考次不定期交替使用。读后续写作为一种全新的高考题型,于
2016
年
10
月首次在浙江英语高考卷中亮相,并用至今。
该题型已经在浙江、山东、辽宁等省份的日常考试中频繁出现,并将在
2020
年高考中使用。河北、江苏、北京、天津、海南、湖南、湖北、广东、福建、
重庆等省份也在陆续将新题型纳入日常练习和高考考查中。
“概要写作”重
点
考查考生理解和呈现原文要点和准确使用词汇和语法结构的能力。
要求学生客
观并且简练的概括出原文,而且要保证故事的完整连贯,逻辑通顺。
p>
(这类题
型相对来说比较简单;
考察三方面
的能力:
1.
找关键词的能力;
2.
把关键词
写成正确句子的能力;
3.
把句子写成合理的段落的能力问题
4
:
读读后续写
主要关注学生以下四个方面的能力:①把握短文关键信息和语言特点的能力。
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学生需要了解所给短文的主要内容,
清楚其关键词和语言结构的使用情况,
并
通过续写短文表现出来。
②语言运用的准确性和
丰富性。
学生能准确、
恰当地
使用所学
词汇和语言结构,
还能够根据内容需要使用较多、
较复杂的词汇
和语
言结构。
③对语篇结构的把控能力。
学生需要掌握上下文逻辑关系,
所续写的
短文与所给短文及段
落开头语之间要有连贯性,所续写的短文内语句要连贯、
有序。
④创造性思维能力。
学生所续写的短文要具有较丰富的内容,
包
含详细
和生动的情景、态度和感情描述。样子?
(2018
p>
年
6
月浙江高考真题
)
注意
:1.
所续写短文的词数
应为
150
左右;
2.
至少使用
5
个短文中标有下划
线的关键词语;
3.
续写部分分为两段,
< br>每段的开头语已为你写好;
4.
续写完
成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph
1:Suddenly
a
little
rabbit
jumped
out
in
front
of
my
aph
2:We
had
no
idea
where
we were and it was getting dark.
问题
6
:读后续写评分标得分标准(
< br>1
)
与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度;
(
2
)
内容的丰富性和对所
给关键词语的
覆盖情况;
(
3
)
应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性;
(<
/p>
4
)
上下文的连贯性。
< br>
扣分标准(
1
)总分
25
分,按
5
个档次给
分;
(
2
)根据写作内容及语言初步定
档(
3
)词数少于
130
的,扣
2
分;
(
4
)单词拼写及标点符号使用情况,视其
对交际的影响程度酌情考虑;
(
5
)
书写较差以致于影响交际,
可酌情降低评分
档次。
21-25
分档的评分标准:
问题
7
:
读后续写解题
思◆
续写思路和以往的
高考英语命题
作文不同,
读后续写要求考生首先要读懂已有信息,
不仅要读懂
字面含义,
还要厘清文章的脉络和关系。
续写这篇短文时,
考生需要明白故事
的发展进程、前因后果、
地理位置变化、人物情感等。在此基础上,考生顺着
文章的思路,根据线索,发挥想象,
对其后的情节进行合理预测,并用英语表
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达出来。同时,在组织语言时,切记使用
5
个以上给出的提示
词。
◆
续
写分析(以上文浙江省真题为例)已知线索:去西部荒野——体验农场
生活——骑马去森
林
(父亲带作者去“西部荒野”,
喂鸡牧羊,
< br>体验农场生活;
见父亲和叔叔骑马很是潇洒,
作者心生向
往,
于是亲身上马体验,
和父亲一同
骑
马走向森林……)
可续写线索:迷路?找到回农场的方法?回到农场?
1.
第一段所给首句
“Suddenly a little
rabbit jumped out in front of my horse.”这一句
是故事发展的转折点,
可从兔子出现后带来的结果入手扩展开去,
可以写马受
到惊吓狂奔而去,
也可以写因追赶兔子而
迷路,
无论从何角度拓展,
需注意与
续
写第二段首句呼应。
2.
第二段所给首句“We
had
no
idea
where
we
were
and
it was getting
dark.”这一句呼应前文
Uncle Paul
的嘱托——
不要误了晚
饭、
不要迷路,
可以从如何
寻路返回入手去写续文。
前文提示农场附近有河流,
并且
river
为标有下划线的关键词语,
所以可
以从沿着河流回到农场的角度拓
展。
◆
续写词汇已给提示词汇:
dad
,
Uncle
Paul
,
farm house
,<
/p>
river
,
feed
< br>,
sheep
,
late
,
track
,
ge
t
lost
,
sight
话题激活词汇:
情感:
panic
,
relief
,
nervo
us
,
worried
动作:
run
,
cry
,
p>
think
to
oneself
环境:
scenery
,
mountain
,
range
,
valley
,
river
,
lake
,
fores
t
,
sun
,
set
,
wind
,
< br>blowOne
possible
version:
◆
高分范例
Paragraph 1:Suddenly a
little rabbit jumped out in front
of my
horse. Dad and I found it was so cute that we
decided to chase
it. After a while, we
were completely lost in the forest. There was
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nothing left in oursight but the trees.
“We may not be able to make
it back to
the farm house in time for supper.” I thought to
myself.
After a series of fruitless
attempts to find a way out, we felt hungry
and tired.
Paragraph 2:We
had no idea where we were and it was getting dark.
We
got
stuck
in
the
forest.
And
an
unexpected
shower
added
to
the
difficulty
of
us
in
finding
a
way
home,
for
all
the
tracks
we
had
made
disappeared
because of the rain. I was almost on
the edge of breaking down when my
father said, “Don’
t worry,
my son. I remember there is a river near
the farm house. Find the river and we
will be back home.” Finally, we
found
the river and got back to the house along it.
Needless to say,
we ate alate dinner. <
/p>
“读后续写”重点考查考生所写短文与原文及所给段落开头语的衔接程度、
内
容的丰富性和文字语句使用的准确性。
“读后续写”备考攻略(
1
)精读文章,确定文章
线索。每篇文章都有各自独
特的写作思路,通过精读文章(考试说明中的样题是记叙文,
所以可以推测,
考察的主要类型是记叙文,所以下边的方法才成立)
,找到该篇文章的写作线
索,例如什么人(
who
)什么时间
(when)
在什么地方
(where)
因为什么
(why)
做
了什么事儿
(what)
,最后有了什么发展
(how)
。这样分析有利于考生“顺藤摸
瓜”。
(
2
)
仔细审题,明确续写要求。一般短文后面的“注意”都有对此短文
续写的具体要求,
p>
如字数限制、
使用几处下划线关键词语、
续
写段落的首句提
示,这样考生能做到“心中有数”。
(
3
)回扣原文,揣摩续写思路。根据文章
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后面的要求,再次快速回读短文,抓住文章的思路,结合段首的提示语,最终
确定续写
段落的思路,
同时结合文章划线词语提示,
确定续写段落的内容
。
(
4
)
拟写
草稿,
修改错词病句。
在确定了思路和内容之后,
最关键的就是结合提示
语或者文中划线的关键词语拟写草稿。
拟写时,
注意句子结构的多样性、
语言
的丰富性,
并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用,
使上
下文连贯。
这一步是得
分的关键。必杀技:使用
2-5
个动作描写,
1-2
个
环境描写,
1-2
个对话,
1-2
p>
个表情或者心情。例如:
Paragraph
1:Suddenly
a
little
rabbit
jumped
out
in
front of my horse. Dad and I found it was so cute
that we decided
to chase
it
(动作一)
. After a while, we
were completely lost in the
forest.
(连接词
+
动作二)
There
was
nothing
left
in
oursight
but
the
trees.
(环境)“We may not be
able to make it back to the farm house
in time for supper.” I thought to
myself.(对话,直言自语)
After a
series
of
fruitless
attempts
to
find
a
way
out,
we
felt
hungry
and
tired.
(动作三
+
心情表情)
Paragraph
2:We
had
no
idea
where
we
were
and
it
was
getting dark. We got
stuck in the forest
(动作一)
.
And an unexpected
shower
added
to
the
difficulty
of
us
in
finding
a
way
home,
for
all
the
tracks
we
had
made
disappeared
because
of
the
rain
(环境)
.
I
was
almost
on the edge of breaking
down
(心情表情)when my father said,
“Don’
t worry, my son. I remember there
is a river near the farm house. Find
the river and we will be back
home.”(对话)
Finally, we found
the
river
and
got
back
to
the
house
along
it.
Needless
to
say,
we
ate
alate
dinner.
(动作二)老师有话说:方法不难,积累是关键。应注意
积累记叙文
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和故事类篇章中的词汇、
句型和语段,
尤其是涉及故事细节描
写和人物的表情、
动作、心理活动等的表达,丰富自己的记叙文类英文语料库。
(
5
)标出续写部
分中
使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语。
这一点可以帮助考生检查关键
词语的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。
最后在誊写文字时,
务必做到“字迹工
整、清晰”。
步骤
1
:阅读文章,找到核心词句。
Parents
everywhere
praise
their
kids.
(错误论点)
Jenn
Berman,
author
of
The
A
to
Z
Guide
to
Raising
Happy
and
Confident
Kids,says,
“We’ve
gone to the opposite
extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended
to
be
more
strict.” (名人论据)
By
giving
kids
a
lot
of
praise,
parents
think they’re
building their children’s confidence,
when,
in
fact
(此词一出,前后相反)
,
it may be just the opposite.
(转折,说明后
文中药)Too much praise
can backfire and, when given in a way that’s
insincere, make kids afraid to try new
things or take a risk for fear
of not
being able to stay on top where their parents’
praise has put
them.
(核心结论,简而言之:
Too
much praise can backfire
)
Still,
don’t
go
too
far
in
the
other
direction.
(
论点:
Too
little
praise
is
damaging
)
Not
giving
enough
praise
can
be
just
as
damaging
as
giving
too
much.
(论据一)Kids
will
feel
like
they’re
not
good
enough
or
that
you don’t care and, as a result, may
see no point in trying hard for
their a
ccomplishments.
(论据二)
(来源:
gaokaoyingyu
150
)
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So
what
is
the
right
amount
of
praise?
(问句引出话题)
Experts
say
that
the
quality of praise is more important than the quant
ity.
(论点,但
是
quality
,
quantity
不够具体,所以可
以把
quality
,替代为:
sin
cere
,
focus
on
effort
,
process
;
quantity
代替为:
outcome
,
end
)
If
praise
is
sincere and focused on the effort not
the outcome, you can give it as
often
as
your
child
does
something
that
deserves
a
verbal
reward.”
(论
据一)We should especially recognize our
children’s efforts to push
themselves
and work hard to achieve a goal, “says Donahue,
author
ofParenting Without Fear:
Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What
Really
Matters.
”One
thing
to
remember
is
that
it’s
the
process
not
the end product that
matters.”(论据二)
Your
son
may
not
be
the
best
basketball
player
on
his
team.
But
if
he’s
out there every day and
playing hard, you should praise his effort
regardless of whether his team wins or
loses. Praising the effort and
not
the
outcome
can
also
mean
recognizing
your
child
when
she
has
worked
hard
to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book
report.
(论据)
But
whatever
it is,
praise
should be given
on a case-by-case
basis
and
be
proportion
ate(
相称的
)to
the
amount
of
effort
your
child
has
put
into
it.
(结论,
主句作用大于从句,
核心词,
effort
)
(来源:
gaokaoyingyu150
)
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步骤二:形成句子:
1.
Parents everywhere praise
their kids.
2.
Too much and too little praise can be
damaging.
3.
Parents
should be sincere
and
focus on
the process.
4.
Parents
should
give
praise
to
rhe
efforts
their
kids
put
into
the process.
步骤三:形成段落:
参考答案:
Parents
tend
to
go
to
extremes
when
it
comes
to
praising
their
kids.
(
要点一
)
Yet,
both
too
much
and
too
little
praise
can
be
equally
damaging.
(
要点二
) When giving praise,
parents should be sincere and
concentrate on the process instead of
the result. (
要点三
) Similarly,
they
ought to
give praise for
how
much effort
their kids have
invested
in the work
they
’
re involved in.
(
要点四
)
考研英语(一)的大作文写作主要考察图画作文的形式。
p>
以下的功能句,既能用于整篇作文的开篇,亦可用于第二、三段的写作。而这
些功能句通过逻辑关系排序、连接起来其实就组合成一篇作文。
1.
功能表达:……值得关注
·
表示某事值得关注:
be worth doing/n.
This picture is particularly worth
concern for the reason that the
painter
focuses his eyesight on the contemporary family
education in
China.
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