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英语学术论文常用句型
Beginning
1. In this paper, we focus on the need
for
2. This paper
proceeds as follow.
3.
The structure of the paper is as follows.
4. In this paper, we
shall first briefly introduce fuzzy sets and
related
concepts
5. To begin with we will provide a
brief background on the
Introduction
1. This
will
be
followed
by
a description
of
the
fuzzy
nature
of
the
problem
and
a
detailed
presentation
of
how
the
required
membership
functions
are
defined.
2.
Details
on
xx
and
xx
are
discussed
in
later
sections.
3.
In
the
next
section,
after
a
statement
of
the
basic
problem,
vario
us situations
involving
possibility
knowledge
are
investigated:
first,
an
entirely
possibility
model
is
proposed;
then
the
cases
of
a
fuzzy
servi
ce
time
with
stochastic
arrivals
and
non
fuzzy
service
rule
is
studied;
lastly,
fuzzy
service
rule
are
considered.
Review
1. This
review
is
followed
by
an
introduction.
2.
A brief
summary
of
some
of
the
relevant
concepts
in
xxx
and
x
xx
is
presented
in
Section
2.
3.
In
the
next
section,
a
brief
review
of
the ....
is
given.
4.
In
the
next
section,
a short
review
of ...
is
given
with
special
re
gard
to ...
5.
Section
2
reviews
relevant
research
related
to
xx.
6. Section
1.1
briefly
surveys
the
motivation
for
a
methodology
of
action,
while
1.2
looks
at
the
difficulties
posed
by
the
complexity
of
systems
and outlines
the
need
for
development
of
possibility
methods.
Body
1. Section
1
defines
the
notion
of
robustness,
and
argues
for
its
im
portance.
2. Section
1
devoted
to
the
basic
aspects of
the FLC decision
maki
ng
logic.
3. Section
2
gives
the
background
of
the
problem
which
includes
x
xx
4. Section
2
discusses
some
problems
with
and
approaches
to,
natu
ral
language
understanding.
5. Section
2
explains
how
flexibility
which
often ...
can be
express
ed
in
terms
of
fuzzy
time
window
6. Section
3
discusses
the
aspects of
fuzzy
set
theory
that
are
used
in
the ...
7. Section
3
describes
the
system
itself
in
a
general
way,
including
the
…..
and
also
discusses
ho
w
to
evaluate
system
performance.
8. Section
3
describes
a
new
measure
of
xx.
9. Section
3
demonstrates
the
use of
fuzzy
possibility
theory
in
the
analysis
of
xx.
10.
Section
3
is
a
fine
description
of
fuzzy
formulation
of
human
d
ecision.
11.
Section
3,
is
developed
to
the
modeling
and
processing
of
fuzz
y
decision
rules
12.
The
main
idea
of
the
FLC
is
described
in
Section
3
while
Sect
ion
4
describes
the
xx
strategies.
13.
Section
3
and
4 show
experimental
studies
for
verifying
the
pr
oposed
model.
14.
Section
4
discusses
a
previous
fuzzy
set
based
approach
to
cost
variance
investigation.
15.
Section
4
gives
a
specific
example
of
xxx.
16.
Section
4
is
the
experimental
study
to
make
a
fuzzy
model
of
memory
process.
17.
Section
4
contains
a discussion
of
the
implication
of
the
results
of Section
2
and
3.
18.
Section
4
applies
this
fuzzy
measure
to
the
analysis
of
xx
and
illustrate
its
use
on
experimental
data.
19.
Section
5
presents
the
primary
results
of
the paper:
a
fuzzy
set
model ..
20.
Section
5
contains
some
conclusions plus
some
ideas
for
furthe
r
work.
21.
Section
6
illustrates
the
model
with
an
example.
22.
Various
ways of
justification
and
the
reasons
for
their
choice
a
re
discussed
very
briefly
in
Section
2.
23.
In
Section
2
are
presented
the
block
diagram
expression
of
a
w
hole
model
of
human
DM
system
24.
In
Section
2
we
shall
list
a
collection
of
basic
assumptions
whi
ch
a ...
scheme
must
satisfy.
25.
In
Section
2
of
this
paper,
we present
representation
and
uniqu
eness
theorems
for
the
fundamental
measurement
of
fuzziness
when
th
e
domain
of
discourse
is
order
dense.
26.
In
Section
3,
we
describe
the
preliminary
results
of
an
empirica
l
study
currently
in
progress
to
verify
the
measurement
model
and
to
construct
membership
functions.
27.
In
Section
5
is
analyzed
the
inference
process
through
the
two
kinds of
inference
experiments...
This
Section
1.
In
this
section,
the
characteristics
and
environment
under
which
MRP
is designed
are
described.
2.
We
will
provide
in
this
section
basic
terminologies
and
notations
which
are
necessary
for
the
understanding
of
subsequent
Section
2.
The
next
section
describes
the
mathematics
that
goes
into
the
co
mputer
implementation
of such
fuzzy
logic
statements.
3.
However,
it
is
cumbersome
for
this purpose
and
in
practical
app
lications
the
formulae
were
rearranged
and
simplified
as discussed
in
the
next
section.
4.
The
three
components
will
be
described
in
the
next
two
section,
and
an
example
of
xx
analysis
of
a
computer
information
system
wil
l
then
illustrate
their
use.
5.
We
can
interpret
the
results
of
Experiments
I
and
II
as
in
the
fo
llowing
sections.
6.
The
next
section
summarizes
the
method
in
a
from
that
is
useful
for
arguments
based on
xx
Summary
1. This
paper concludes
with
a
discussion
of
future
research
consid
eration
in
section
5.
2. Section
5
summarizes
the
results
of
this
investigation.
3. Section
5
gives
the
conclusions
and
future
directions
of
research.
4. Section
7
provides
a summary
and
a discussion
of
some
extensi
ons
of
the
paper.
5. Finally,
conclusions
and
future
work
are
summarized
6. The
basic
questions
posed
above
are
then
discussed
and
conclusi
ons
are
drawn.
7.
Section
7
is
the
conclusion
of
the
paper.
Chapter
0.
Abstract
1.
A basic problem
in
the
design
of
xx
is
presented
by
the
choice
of
a
xx
rate
for
the
measurement
of
experimental
variables.
2.
This
paper
examines
a
new
measure
of
xx
in
xx
based on
fuzzy
mathematics
which
overcomes
the
difficulties
found
in
other
xx
meas
ures.
3. This
paper
describes
a
system
for
the
analysis
of
the
xx.
4. The
method
involves
the
construction
of
xx
from
fuzzy
relation
s.
5. The
procedure
is
useful
in
analyzing
how
groups
reach
a
decisio
n.
6. The
technique
used
is
to
employ
a
newly
developed
and
versatil
e
xx
algorithm.
7.
The
usefulness of
xx
is
also considered.
8.
A brief
methodology
used
in
xx
is
discussed.
9.
The
analysis
is
useful
in
xx
and
xx
problem.
10.
A
model
is
developed
for
a
xx
analysis
using
fuzzy
matrices.
11.
Algorithms
to
combine
these
estimates
and produce
a
xx
are
pr
esented
and
justified.
12.
The
use
of
the
method
is discussed
and
an
example
is
given.
13.
Results
of
an
experimental
applications
of
this
xx
analysis
proc
edure
are
given
to
illustrate
the
proposed
technique.
14.
This
paper
analyses
problems
in
15.
This paper outlines
the
functions
carried
out
by ...
16.
This paper
includes
an
illustration
of
the ...
17.
This paper provides
an
overview
and
information
useful
for
ap
proaching
18.
Emphasis
is
placed on
the construction
of
a criterion
function
b
y
which
the
xx
in
achieving
a
hierarchical
system
of
objectives
are
ev
aluated.
19.
The
main
emphasis
is
placed on
the
problem
of
xx
20.
Our
proposed
model
is
verified
through
experimental
study.
21.
The
experimental
results
reveal
interesting
examples
of
fuzzy
p
hases of:
xx,
xx
22.
The compatibility
of
a
project
in
terms
of cost,
and
xx
are
like
wise
represented
by
linguistic
variables.
23.
A
didactic
example
is
included
to
illustrate
the
computational
p
rocedure
Chapter 1.
Introduction
Time