-杆
（英语）高二英语阅读理解试题
(
有答案和解析
)
及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1
．
阅读理解
For top students from
low-income families, the challenge of applying to
colleges is particularly
difficult. 1
in 4 deal with all of
that
—
the writing, the
studying, the researching and
applying
—
completely on their
own. One approach to make this whole process
easier? Pair students up with
an
adviser.
That's
the
idea
behind
CollegePoint,
an
initiative
to
help
gifted
students
go
to
schools
that
match their
intellectual(
智力的
)ability.
When a high school student takes a standardized
test
—
the
PSAT,
SAT
or
ACT
——
and
they
score
in
the
90th
percentile,
and
their
families
make
less
than$$80,
000
a
year,
they
get
an
email
from
the
program
offering
them
a
free
adviser.
The
advisers listen, guide and answer
students'questions.
Connor Rechtzigel, an adviser in Minnesota, sees
the importance of his role, for research shows
that low-income students are far more
likely to undermatch because they don't think they
have
what it takes to get in and
because many don't even know what schools are out
there. He helped
high school senior
Justice Benjamin, the first in his family to apply
to college, think about what his
ideal
learning
experience
was.
Finally,
Justice
narrowed
in
on
smaller
schools
where
he
could
study environmental
science and made his final
choice
：
Skidmore College in
New York. He felt
empowered by the
process.
Figuring out
how to pay for college is a major part of what,
CollegePoint advisers do. Nakhle, an
adviser in North Carolina, is working
with Hensley, an Ohio high school senior who can't
get extra
financial help from her
family. They spent a lot of time comparing and
analyzing her financial-aid
award
letters, which made her decision much clearer.
Finally, the Ohio State University offered an
option where she would pay nothing.
Staying in-state wasn't her first choice, but it
was the best
option for her.
（
1
）
Wha
t is the second paragraph mainly about?
CollegePoint
works.
goal of
CollegePoint.
to apply for
a free adviser.
challenge
of choosing colleges.
（
2
）
What prevents low-
income students from attending proper colleges?
timating their
abilities.
g little about
colleges.
of enough
learning experience.
e to
get support from their families.
（
3
）
Why
did Hensley finally choose the Ohio State
University?
didn't want to stay far from home.
favorite major was provided
there.
would show her
talents to the full.
university met her financial needs.
（
4
）
What
is the best title for the text?
to Be a Financial
Adviser
for Top Students to
Select Ideal Colleges
rs
Help Poor Students Apply to Suitable
Colleges
ePoint
—
a Program
Helping Students Score High
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（<
/p>
2
）
B
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了一款帮助贫困家庭的优秀生申请合适大学的
虚拟建议程序。
（
1
）考查段落大意。根据第二段
“That's
the
idea
behind
Colle
geP
oint
，
an
initiative
to
help
gifted
students
go
to
schools
that
match
their
intel
lectual(
智力的
)ability.
When
a
high
school
student
takes
a
standardized
test
—
the
PSAT
，
SAT
or
ACT
——
and
they
score
in
the
90th
percentile
，
and
their
families
make
less
than$$80
，
000
a
year
，
they
get
an
email
from
the
program
offering
them
a
free
adviser.
The
advisers
listen
，
guide
and
answer
students'questions.
”
可知本段讲述了
CollegePoint
的建议者们
对那些大学考试分数过关，但
是年收入不到
8
< br>万美元的家庭提供免费的选择大学方面的指导。可以得知讲述了
CollegeP
oint
是如何运作的。故选
A
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“...
，<
/p>
for
research
shows
that
low-income
students
are
far
more
likely
to
undermatch
because
they
don't
think
they
have
what
it
takes
to
get
in
and
because many don't even know what
schools are out there.”
可知研究表明低收入家庭的学生们<
/p>
很可能选择的大学是低匹配的，因为他们不了解大学。故选
B
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“Nak
h
le
，
an
adviser
in
North
Carolina
，
is
working
with
Hensley
，
an Ohio high school
senior who can't get extra financial help from her
family. They
spent
a
lot
of
time
comparing
and
analyzing
her
financial-aid
award
letters
，
which
made
her
decision
much clearer. Finally
，
the
Ohio State University offered an option where she
would pay
nothing.”
家境贫寒的
Hensley
和北卡来罗那的建议者一起分析她的经济救助奖项，使得
她的
大学选择更清晰。可知
Hensley
选择俄亥俄大学是因为这个大学符合她的经济水平。故选
D
。
（
4<
/p>
）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的
“One approach
to make this whole process easier? Pair
students
up
with
an
a
dviser.”
，以问答形式引出文章主题让申请大学更简单更匹配，可以选
择一款帮助贫
困家庭的优秀生申请合适大学的虚拟建议程序。故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判
断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息
的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确
答案。
2
．
阅读理解
While your pet fish may appear to
be unaware of your presence, chances are that it
knows you
extremely well and can
probably even identify you from a crowd of human
faces!
To
test
if
this
was
accurate,
some
scientists
decided
to
study
archerfish
（喷水鱼）
.
These
animals
don't
have
a
sophisticated
（复杂的）
bra
in
that
is
necessary
to
recognize
the
slight
differences between
human facial features.
They began by presenting four archerfish with
images of two human faces. Initially, the fish
spit
at both. However, they soon
learned spitting water at the one selected by the
researchers earned
them a food treat.
After that, they focused primarily on that image.
The researchers then took
the
experiment one step further by introducing 44
other human faces to the mix.
To the researcher's astonishment,
the trained archerfish were able to recall the
learned image
almost
81%
of
the
time.
And
this
accuracy
improved
to
86%
when
the
researchers
made
the
identification even
harder, by replacing the colored photos with a set
of black and white images
and hiding
the shape of the head.
The results of the study suggest that though
having tiny brains, archerfish may have developed
high visual discrimination abilities.
While it is contrary to the previous theory that a
sophisticated
brain is necessary to
recognize human faces, the researchers believe
they do not recognize faces
by
recalling complex facial information like gender
and identity, but more likely by discriminating
between detailed
patterns.
Even so, the fact that these archerfish could
“remember” those faces
demonstrates
that they have an impressive memory for details
that lasts much longer than the
originally-thought 3
seconds!
This
is not the first time researchers have realized
how “smart” fish are. Previous studies have
shown that fish can recognize those
fish they have “socialized”
with
previously, and even recall
complex
three-dimensional maps of their
surroundings.
（
1<
/p>
）
What is the purpose of the
study?
A. To
describe archerfish are easy to teach.
B. To tell people archerfish like to be
rewarded.
C. To prove
archerfish can recognize human faces.
D. To show archerfish can easily
develop a
habit.
（
2
）
Why
did the researchers use black and white images?
A. They could get these
images easily.
B.
Archerfish got tired of color images.
C. They
wanted
to
make
the
task
more
difficult.
D. These
images
wouldn't
get
ruined
by
water.
（
3
）
What conclusion did
researchers draw in the study?
A. Archerfish have a
3-second memory.
B.
Archerfish could distinguish detailed
patterns.
C. Archerfish have
a special form of communication.
D. Archerfish could remember complex
facial information.
< br>（
4
）
What can we
infer from the text?
A. Fish are social animals.
B. Fish are as clever as
humans.
C. Fish are able to
tell different shapes. D. The results
shocked the researchers.
【答案
】
（
1
）
C<
/p>
（
2
）
C
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了科学家对喷水鱼做的实验，实验表明鱼也很
“
聪明
”
，它们没有复杂的大脑但是却有辨认面孔的能力。
(1)
考查细节理解。根据第一段做的
“While
your
pet
fish
may
appear
to
be
unaware
of
your
presence,
chances are that it knows you extremely well and
can probably even identify you from
a
crowd of human
faces!”
和第二段做的
“To test if
this was accurate, some scientists decided to
study archerfish(
喷水鱼
< br>).”
可知这项研究的目的是证明喷水鱼可以认出人脸，故选
C
。
(2)
考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段做的
“And
this
accuracy
improved
to
86%
when
the
researchers made the
identification even harder, by replacing the
colored photos with a set of
black and
white images and hiding the shape of the head.”
可知研究人员使用黑白图像是为了
增加这项任务的难度，故选
C
。
(3)
考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段做的
“Even
so,
the
fact
that
these
archerfish
could
‘remember’ those faces
demonst
rates that they have an
impressive memory for details that lasts
much longer than the originally-
thought 3 seconds!”
可推知喷水鱼可以辨
别精细的图案，故选
B
。
(4)
考查细节理解。根据第四段做的
“To
the
researcher's
astonishment,
the
trained
archerfish were able
to recall the learned image almost
81%
of the time.”
可知研究结果令研究
人员非常吃惊
，故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。
3
．
阅读理解
The American newspaper has been
around for about three hundred years. In 1721, the
printer
James Franklin, Benjamin's
older brother, started the New England Courant,
and that was what
we
might
recognize
today
as
a
real
newspaper.
He
filled
his
paper
with
stories
of
adventure,
articles on art,
on famous people, and on all sorts of political
subjects.
Three
centuries
after
the
appearance
of
Franklin's
Courant,
few
believe
that
newspapers
in
their present printed form will remain
alive for long, Newspaper companies are losing
advertisers,
readers, market value, and
in some cases, their sense of purpose at a speed
that would not have
been
imaginable
just
several
years
ago.
The
chief
editor
of
the
Times
said
recently,
“At
places
where they gather,
editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if
they have just come out of the
hospital
or
a
lost
law
case.”
An
article
about
the
newspaper
appeale
d
on
the
website
of
the
Guardian, under the
headline “NOT DEAD YET.”
Perhaps not, but the rise of the Internet, which
has made the daily newspaper look slow and
out of step with the world, has brought
about a real sense of death, Some American
newspapers
have lost 42% of their
market value in the past three years. The New York
Times Company has
seen its
stock
（股票）
drop by 54% since
the end of 2004, with much of the loss coming in
the
past year. A manager at Deutsche
Bank suggested that stock - holders sell off their
Times stock.
The Washington Post
Company has prevented the trouble only by changing
part of its business to
education; its
testing and test
—
preparation service now brings in at least half
the company's
income,
（
1
）
What can
we learn about the New England Courant?
A. It is mainly about the
stock market.
B. It
carries articles by political leaders.
C. It marks the beginning of
newspapers.
D. It remains a
successful newspaper in America.
（
2
）
What can
we infer about the newspaper editors?
A. They often accept
readers' suggestions.
B. They
caw a lot about each other's health.
C. They stop doing business with
advertisers.
D. They face great
difficulties in their business.
（
3
）
Which of
the following found a new way for its development?
A. the Washington Post.
B. The Guardian.
C. The New York Tinier.
D. New England Courant.
（
4
）
How
does the author seem to
feel about the
future of newspapers”?
A. Satisfied.
B. Hopeful. C. Surprised.
D. Worried.
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了美国报纸的由来，以及现在面临的挑战和做
出的调整。
(1)
考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“the
printer
James
Franklin,
Benjamin's
older
brother,
started
the
New
England
Courant,
and
that
was
what
we
might
recognize
today
as
a
real
newspaper.”
可知，
James
Franklin
创办的
New England Coura
nt
就是我们今天所知的真正的报
纸，也就标志着美国报业的开
始，故选
C
。
(2)
考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“N
< br>ewspaper
companies
are
losing
advertisers,
readers,
market
v
alue”
可知，报社正在逐渐失去广告商，读者和市场价值，以及后面编辑的话
places where they gather,
editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if
they have just come out
of the hospital
or a lost law case.
，编辑们现在见面聊天的时候都会互相问候<
/p>
“
你还好吗
”
仿
佛
刚出院或输了一场官司，其实隐含的意思就是因为报纸业的不景气，编辑们现在正面临
着
困难，所以这个问候应该是你们报社生意怎么样？故选
D
。
(3)
考查细
节理解。根据最后一段可知，找到一种新的发展方式的是
The
Washington
Post
《华
盛顿邮报》。故选
A
。
(4)
考查推理判断。通读全文，作者列举了报业所面临的种种问题，可以判
断作者对此很担
忧。故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生
活类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从
而选出正确答案。
4
．
阅读理解
Volunteer Opportunities
Ring the bells
The Salvation Army needs bell
ringers for its annual Red Kettle Christmas
Campaign. Two hour
shifts begin on
Nov.12 and run Mondays through Saturdays.
Volunteers can contact Jim Evers at
jimevers@ or at 764-0962, or sign up
online at .
Read to
children
Join
the
United
Way
and
Child
Care
Aware
in
supporting
the
development
and
learning
of
young
children.
Volunteers
are
needed
to
spend
30
minutes
a
week
reading
to
children
and
guiding
related
activities
using
literacy
kits
（识字工
具包）
provided
by
Childcare
Aware
of
Eastern
Kansas
.A
two-hour
literacy
training
will
be
provided.
To
ensure
continuity
for
the
children
in
the
program,
we
are
asking
that
volunteers
make
a
six-month
commitment.
Please
contact Shelly at
865-5030, ext.301 or at volunteer@.
Garden with a neighbor
Douglas Country Housing Inc. is
looking for volunteers to assist a senior man in
need of help
with an overgrown garden
before winter arrives. One to two hours of your
time will make a huge
difference in
someone's quality of life. No previous gardening
experience is required. Please e-
mail
rsovista@ or call 842-1533.
Feed your friends
Just
food fights hunger in our community. Help Just
Food kick off the holiday season by packing.
Thanksgiving meal boxes for families in
need. Every year Just Food provides Thanksgiving
meals to
families in Douglas Country
that will otherwise go without. Your help is
needed for distributing
these meals in
advance of Thanksgiving. Help is needed on the
following days and times:
9 a. m.
–
7 p. m. Monday,
Nov. 21.
9 a. m.
–
7 p. m. Tuesday, Nov.
22.
The maximum number
of volunteers is 15 at a time. To sign up, click
here.
（
1
）
What should people do if they choose
to read to children?
A. Get trained.
B. Make a plan.
C. Promise
to teach devotedly. D.
Work 30 minutes a day.
（
2
）
If
you like to help with gardening, you can get in
touch with ________.
A. They take place on holiday.
B. They can be reached by phone.
C. They are about seeking volunteers.
D. They need some experience.
（
3
）
What do the
four activities have in common?
A. They take place on
holiday. B. They can
be reached by phone.
C. They
are about seeking volunteers. D.
They need some experience.
【
答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）<
/p>
B
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。
本文主要介绍了四个志愿者的工作机会。并且详细的
介绍了每项工作的具体内容，工作时
间，联系方式等。
（
1
）考查细节理解题。由文中
Read to
children
部分中的
A two-hour
literacy training will be
provided
可知，如果选择给孩子们读书就要接受一个小时的培训，故答案选
A
。
（
2
）
考
查
细
节
理
解
题
。
由
文
Garden
with
a
neighbor
部
分
中
的
Please
e-mail
rsovista@
or
call
842-1533.
可知，如果你想在园艺方面做志愿者，可以
发邮件或者
打电话联系。故答案选
B
。
（
3
）考查
推理判断题。这四项工作后面都留有联系方式，可知他们都是想招募志愿者。
C
选项正确。
【点评】英语阅读理解细节题具体方法与步骤：
①
排除干扰项
，突出主题。事实细节题的设计干扰项一般都是某一细节的错误叙述与论
断，可先排除
干扰项。
②
按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如
for
example
，
first
，
second…
等预测应该到何处寻找自己所
需要的事实。
③
快速通篇跳读，自
左至右，自上而下呈
Z
形扫视，直到找到细节出处，待找到含细
节句
子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。
<
/p>
④
注意识别指代词语。为避免重复，文章中对多次提及的事物或现
象会使用不同的词语，
如同义词、近义词、代词等。
5
．
阅读理解
Finding true love can be prey tough
for a lot of people, but a lady from a fairly
well-known San
Francisco advertising
agency seems to think money helps. She is offering
$$10,000 to any of her
friends who can
introduce her to her Mr. Right. She wants to find
her future husband through this
way.
The
unnamed husband seeker who sent out the email had
just finished reading the best-selling
book named Lean In. It was 11 p.m. on a
Sunday night and she realized this was the second
self-
help book she had read in the
month. She was still single. Things were not
looking fine, but there
was hope for
her still. If the book had taught her anything, it
was that she needed to take a more
positive
role
in
finding
love.
After
all,
if
she
wanted
to
get
a
better
job,
she
wouldn't
just
sit
outside
an employer's building and wait for someone to
offer it to her, so why should finding a
husband be any different? But instead
of going out and meeting new people she decided to
write
an
email
to
all
her
friends,
offering
to
give
them
$$10,000
on
her
wedding
day
if
any
of
them
managed to introduce
her to her future husband.
“I am writing you today because I've
decided to make a
n aggressive action
plan on finding the
man that I get to
hang out with forever,” the woman writes in her
email. “Introducing me to my
husband is
just not high on your to-
do list. But I
think I have an idea that might change that…”
You guessed it, and this
is
where she offers to reward her “closest friends”
with cold hard cash.
“I will personally give ten thousand
dollars to the friend who introduces me to my
husband.”
Here is how
the program works:
Step
1: You set me up on a date with a man.
Step 2: I marry that
man.
Step 3: I give you
$$10,000 on my wedding day.
I know you're thinking that this is nuts. Just
plain crazy. 'You can find a husband without
giving
$$10,000.' Well for starters,
thank you! I'm happy.”
（
1
）
What does the lady
offer $$10,000 to any of her friends for?
A. Celebrating
the
fact
that
she
has
made
a
decision
to
find
a
husband.
B. Checking
the
power of money among her circle of
friends.
C. Encouraging
her
friends
to
help
find
her
Mr.
Right.
D. Sharing
her
happiness
of
having
found true
love.
（
2
）
What does the underlined word “nuts”
mean in the last paragraph?
A. delicious
B. sensible C. angry
D. foolish
（
3
）
What's the purpose of the
author's mentioning getting a better job in
Paragraph 2?
A.
To
stress
the
importance
of
finding
a
good
job.
B. To
stress
the
importance
of
taking
a
positive
attitude.
C. To show that
waiting patiently is necessary to get a job.
D. To state that we need to be
patient before a job is
offered.
（
4
）
What kind of person do you think
the lady is?
A.
Adventurous B. Imaginative
C. Considerate D.
Polite
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
。有一位女士为了找到一个丈夫，她许诺谁给她找到
了
Mr.
Right.
就给谁
$$10,000
。
人们认为她是
“
傻的
”
，没有给
$$10,000
也能找到一个丈夫。
(1)
考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“She
is
offering
$$10,000
to
any
of
her
friends
who
can
introduce
her to her Mr. Right.”
可知这位女士是为了鼓励朋友们帮助她
找到她的
Mr. Right.
故
选<
/p>
C
。
(2)
考查词义猜测。根据
“I
give you $$10,000 on my wedding
day.”
和根据最后一段中的
“I know
you're thinking that this is nuts. Just
plain crazy. 'You can find a husband without
giving $$10,000.'
Well for starters,
thank you! I'm happy.”
这位女士给帮助她找到丈夫的人
$$10,000
。这就是了。
没有给
$$10,000.
也能找到一个丈夫。由此推知划线词的意思是
“
愚蠢的，傻的
”
。故
选
D
。
(3
)
考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“If the book
had taught her anything, it was that she needed
to
take
a
more
positive
role
in
finding
love.
After
all,
if
she
wanted
to
get
a
better
job,
she
wouldn't just sit outside an employer's
building and wait for someone to offer it to her,
so why
should
finding
a
husband
be
any
different?”
可知
提到一份好工作的目的是强调态度积极的重
要性，故选
B
。
(4)
考查推理
判断。通读全文，我们可以知道这位女士为了找到一位丈夫，而付出一万美
元，谁能帮她
找到丈夫，谁就能得到这笔钱。这说明她是一个敢于冒险的人。故选
B
< br>。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判
断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息。并根据上下文的逻
辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出
正确答案。
6
．
阅读理解
Nowadays,
especially
in
China,
everything
seems
to
favor
social
intercourse(
社交
)
,
such
as
gatherings
of
friends,
KTV,
group
travel,
dining
tighter,
playing
cards
and
Mahjong,
plus
the
Chinese-style
within the
However,
these
scenes
cannot
always
ease
a
sense
of
loneliness.
Zhu
Ziqing,
a
well-known
professor
of
Tsinghua
University,
signed
with
emotion:
loneliness
increases
as
scene
becomes much
busier.
-杆
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