-同轴度
Grammar and Vocabulary
1.
The
British
actress,
Emma
Watson,
finally
got
to
bring
her
childhood
hero
to
life.
She
played
the
beautiful Belle in
Disney’s new live
-action version of its
classic animation (
动画片
)
Beauty and the Beast
.
Watson also sang in the film -- the
first time she (21) ____ (do) so in her career.
To be able to play (22) ____
role
，
Watson
turned down the offer of La La Land, (23) ____
ended
up winning six awards, (24) ____
Best Actress
，
at this year's
Oscars.
However,
she
doesn't
regret
it.
She
told
Vanity
Fair
that
she
believes
the
movie
says
something
important that
people (25)
____ hear.
(26) _______ (see) the
kind-
hearted Belle as a better role
model than La La Land’s career
-obsessed
(
沉迷于事业的）
Mia
，
Watson happily took on this
character. But (27) ____ (build) her own version
of
Belle, Watson had a hand in shaping
the character. In the original Disney movie, Belle
is an assistant to
her inventor father,
(28) ____ the remake sees her as a creator in her
own right.
Not content with being a
global movie star, Watson also spends time being
creative elsewhere. Her
house is full
of paintings that she created (29) ________. One
in particular stands out
—
a
self-portrait
(
自
画像）
of her
(30)____________(hold) a camera. Her work wouldn't
be out of place hanging on the wall of
a New York art gallery.
21. has done
22. the
23. which
24. including
25. should
26. Seeing
27. to build
28.
but
29. herself
30. holding
2.
Right
now
in
schools
across
the
country
children
are
busy
selling
Pepsi-Cola
in
the
name
of
education. They are part
of Pepsi’s “Learn and Earn Project”
-- a competition (21) ____
(set)
up
by
Pepsi once a year that encourages
students to sell the soft drink at parties.
According
to
materials
the
company
(22)
____
(send)
to
the
teachers
，
the
project
declares
“help
strengthen students’
broad understandings of business, particularly its
broad marketing and management
aspects”.
(23)
____ it fulfills this objective or not, it does
succeed in selling Pepsi.
The “Learn
and Earn Project” is just
one example
of the hundreds of ways food companies (24) ____
(encourage)
the
buying
of
their
products
in
schools.
Particularly
in
the
fields
of
nutrition
and
home
economics, companies
send numerous “teaching
aids”
：
highly
professional films, shiny workbooks and
pamphlets, (25) ____ available to
teachers at well below commercial rates (26) ____
free.
For
example,
the
Savennach
Sugar
Refining
Corp.
，
put
out
a
book
for
students
called
“Sugar
Through the Ages” which includes
statements such as “Scientists have
found that generous amounts of
sugar (27)
____
(be) a valuable part of well-balanced diets for
growing children”.
By
far,
(28)
____
(large)
supplier
of
nutrition
materials
to
schools
is
the
National
Dairy
Council,
which
provides
all
sorts
of
pamphlets
(29)
____
(address)
questions
ranging
from
“How
am
I
doing
1
socially?” to
“How am I doing physically?” These materials are
full of things about dairy products, daily
calcium requirement, etc.
But
nutrition
and
home
economics
are
not
the
only
areas
(30)
____
companies
have
found
a
Lucrative
(
有利可图的）
form of advertising.
21.
set
22.
sends
23.
Whether
24.
encourage
25.
all
26.
or
27.
are
28.
the
largest
29. addressing
30. where
3.
If you take the bus or
subway to school every workday, chances are (21)
____ you will be wearing
headphones.
And if you take a look around, you will notice
that they are everywhere.
Sol Republic,
a US audio manufacturer, carried out a survey
among millennials (
千禧一代）
in
2014.
It found that 53 percent of them
owned three or more pairs of headphones and wore
them for nearly four
hours every day to
enjoy music.
In
fact,
headphones
are
(22)
____
common
nowadays
that
men’s
fashion
magazine
GQ
says
that
they're
an important part of a man's wardrobe
(
衣柜）
.“The newest fashion
ac
cessory
(
饰品）
isn’t a fashion
accessory
at
all.
It’s
high
-
style
headphones
that
make
as
much
of
a
statement
as
anything
else
you’re
wearing,
”
it
said.
Besides those (23) ____ wear
headphones just for fashion, does this mean people
really love music?
It’s
per
haps
the
privacy
(
隐私），
alongside
the
music,
(24)
____
we
enjoy
when
we
put
on
headphones. “They give us
control over our audio
-environment
，
allowing us to make our public
spaces
private,” noted The
Atlantic.
In fact, the
magazine called headphones the most important
change of tones in music
history.
“Radio
(25) ____ (make) music
transmittabLe (
可传播的）
.Cars
made music mobile. Speakers made music big,
and silicon chips
(
硅芯片）
made music
small,
”
(26)
____
wrote.
“Headphones
did
for
music
(27)
____ writing
did for l
anguage. They made it private.
”
It also seems that
headphones are a way to block other people out. In
the earlier-mentioned survey,
73
percent
said
they
wear
them
so
that
they
don’t
have
to
talk
with
other
people.
So
it
comes
as
no
surprise (28) ____ some
people call headphones
“anti
-
social”.
“I wouldn’t stop someone wearing those
white wires to ask for directions. It’s like
they’re putting up
a big closed sign,”
wrote Telegraph columnist Bryony
Gordon
.
And
just
how
commuters
(
通勤者
)
used
to
hide
behind
their
copy
of
a
newspaper
to
avoid
conversation, headphones do the same
thing for commuters.
“It
(29)
____ be lonely travelling through
public spaces. Using music warms it
up
，
”
Michael Bull, professor in sound
studies at the Univer
sity of Sussex,
UK, told the BBC. “The bad
thing
is
that
while
the
individual
feels
warmer,
the
public
space
becomes
a
(30)
____
(social)
，
colder
space. ”
21.
that
22.
so
23.
who
24.
that
25.
made
26.
it
27.
what
28.
that
29.
can
30.
less social
2
4.
“Why don’t you act
black?”
Since my middle
school years, I’ve been asked this question more
than any other. It seems to me that
too
many people have let society program into their
brains what should be expected (21) ____ me, a
black
person, before ever interacting
with me. But I believe in being who I am, not who
(22)
to be.
On my first day
of high school, (23) ____ (go) into the maths
class
，
two of my classmates
pointed
and laughed at me. I initially
thought my fly was open, or that something (24)
____ (stick) in my teeth.
But as I took
my seat, I heard one of the students whisper,
“Why is a black person taking honors?”
So my
fly
wasn’t
open.
An
honors
level
class
had
simply
been
joined
by
a
student
(25)
____
skin
was
an
unsettling shade of
brown.
I am now in
my
junior
year of high school.
I still take
all honors courses. My
wardrobe still (26)
____ (consist)
solely of clothes that are appropriate to my
proportions. My music library spans from rock
to pop to techno, and almost everything
in between. (27) ____ it comes to choosing my
friends, I am still
colorblind. I
continue to do my best work in school in order to
reach my goals; and yet, when I look in the
mirror, I still see skin of that same
shade of brown.
My skin
color has done nothing to change my personality,
and my personality has done nothing to
change my skin color.
I
believe in being myself.
I believe that
I
—
not any
stereotype
—
should define who
I am and what
actions
I
take
in
life.
In
high
school,
popularity
often
depends
on
your
willingness
(28)
____
(follow)
trends. And I've been told that it
doesn’t get much easier going into
adulthood. But the only other option is
to sacrifice my individuality for the
satisfaction and approval of others. Sure, this
can be appealing, since
choosing to
keep my self-respect has made me unpopular and
(29) ____ (dislike) at times, with no end to
that in sight. Others’ being
content with me, (30) ____, is not nearly as
important as my being content
with
myself.
21. of / from
22. others
23. going / having gone
24. was stuck
25. whose
26. consists
27.
When
28. to follow
29. disliked
30. though / however
5.
I used to joke that I spoke French like
a three-year-old
—
until I met
a French three-year-old and
couldn't
hold up my end of the conversation. This was after
a year of intense study, including at least two
hours a day with self-instruction
software and weekend classes, followed by two
weeks of an immersion
program
(
沉浸式教学）
at one of the top
language schools in France.
My failure
was in fact quite unremarkable. Despite
advertising claims, (21) ____ (learn) a foreign
language
is
a
challenging
task
for
any
adult.
In
the
end,
though,
(22)
____
turns
out
that
spending
a
yea
r
.‘not
learning”
French
may
have
been
the
(23)
____
(good)
thing
I
could
have
done
for
my
57-year-old brain.
In the
last few years, I was unable to hold a list of
four grocery items in my mind. So to reassure (24)
____ that nothing was wrong, I took a
cognitive (
认知的）
assessment
just before tackling French. The
results were anything (25) ____
reassuring
：
I
scored below average for my age group in nearly
all of the
3
____
want
me
categories, especially on the composite
memory (
综合记忆）
test and the
visual memory test.
After
a
year
of
struggling
with
the
language,
I
retook
the
cognitive
assessment,
and
the
results
shocked me. My scores had skyrocketed,
(26) ____ (place) me above average in 7 of 10
categories, and
average in the other
three. Studying a language had been like drinking
from a mental fountain of youth.
What
might explain such an improvement? Researchers at
the Chinese University of Hong Kong and
Northwestern
University
noted
that
the
cognitive
tasks
(27)
____
(involve)
in
language
study
—
like
working memory, inductive reasoning
(
归纳推理）
，
sound
discrimination (
识别
) and task
switching
—
map
closely to (
与
……
紧密相关）
the areas of the brain
that are most associated with declines due to
aging.
If my experience is any
indication, you might be better off studying a
language. Not only is that a far
more
useful and enjoyable activity (28) ____ an
abstract brain game, but as a reward for your
efforts, you
can treat yourself (29)
____ a trip abroad That's (30) ____ I
plan to spend the next year “not
learning”
Italian. Ciao!
21.
learning
22. it
23. best
24. myself
25. but
26. placing
27. involved
28. than
29.
to
30. why
6.
Before age 3
，
most
children lack the necessary skills to lie.
Somewhere between the ages of 3 and 8
though, a lot of children become
shockingly skillful at telling lies. A group of
3-year-olds (21) ____ (seat)
in a room
and told not to peek at a toy placed out of sight
while the adult left the room. When they were
later
asked
if
they
had
peeked,
only
about
half
of
the
kids
attempted
to
lie.
This
was
repeated
with
7-year-olds, and the
majority of the kids avoided telling the truth.
At first, it is because they can (22)
____ children lie. They reach a point
developmentally (23)____
they realize
that they can say something that is not true.
These lies are not a sign of moral failures in
(24)
____ the parents or the child.
By age 7 or 8. most children lie for
two reasons. One is to escape punishment and to
remain in your
good graces. Children
figure out that (25) ____ they say they did not do
something, they may be able to
avoid
punishment.
Older
children
are
also
better
than
the
younger
ones
at
reading human
emotion
and
predicting your
reaction. Since most of the children want to make
their parents happy, their lies may be a
(26) ____ (misguide) attempt to provide
the right answer. The kid who tells you that he
did not break the
vase, even in the
presence of a broken vase
，
is
just telling
you what you want to hear.
He knows you
would be upset about the
vase, so he makes up a lie to make you happy.
Ironically, kids of strict
parents are actually more likely to lie than (27)
____ from a more laid-back
home. A
child who knows that he gets spanked for doing
wrong may feel motivated to lie more often and
he may become more skilled at it,
because he knows (28) ____ (catch) will lead to
punishment.
When it comes to telling
the truth, when a child matures and ages you will
see the lies become (29)
____
(frequent). This is a result of more mature kids
learning responsibility and being accountable (30)
____
their actions. If your
youngster is telling lies, don’t
panic.
He will most likely grow out of this stage
with the help of his parents setting
the right moral values. The experiment in this
article was performed by
parents and
children.
21.
were
seated
22.
that
23.
where
/
when
24.
either
25.
when
/
if
26.
misguided
27.
4
those
28. being caught
29. less frequent
30. for
7.
What is an insect? Insects of all kinds
have existed on earth for millions of years.
Sometimes we
think of all insects as
pests. Human life, however, would have a difficult
time continuing without insects,
(21)
____ they pollinate plants and are a food source
for many animals. Besides, insects, especially the
social (22)
____
，
are fascinating.
One
very
interesting
and
useful
social
insect
is
the
honey
bee.
Bees
(23)
____
(consider)
social
insects because they live and work
together. The bee lives in a beehive with other
worker bees, and with
the queen, who
can lay thousands of eggs a day. The worker bees
make wax used (24) ____ (create) new
cells inside the hive. Humans use this
valuable beeswax (25) ____
candles
，
cosmetics, expensive
furniture
polish, and other products.
They also produce honey, a valuable food for
humans (as well as for bees).
Another
fascinating social insect is (26) ____ ant. Many
types of ants live in colonies underground.
There thousands of them build and
maintain their “city”. T
hey also
cooperate to provide food, sometimes
in
a manner that looks like human. For example, some
ants actually raise their own food. One type of
ant
“farmer” keeps and cares for tiny
insects that suck sweet sap
(
汁液）
from plants. Ant farmers
milk them
from the sap, just like
actual farmers milk cows. The sap is then given as
food to young ants and to the
queen,
(27) ____
main
duty
is
to
lay
eggs.
Another
type
of
ant
that
produces
its
own
food
does
so
by
gardening.
These farmer ants take pieces of leaves into the
colony and chew them up. The
soft
，
(28) ____
(chew) up leaves then sprout
(
涌出）
a fungus that the worker
ants use to feed the queen and young ants.
There are many other ways that ants
cooperate to maintain and protect their colonies.
There are also many other kinds of
social insects. (29) ____ makes them all so
fascinating is their
organization.
(30)
____
each
insect
has
certain
tasks
to
perform,
the
entire
hive
or
colony
appears
to
function as one living organism.
21.
because
22.
ones
23.
are
considered
24.
to
create
25.
in
26.
the
27.
whose
28.
chewed
29. What
30. Although
8.
The
Lego
Group
had
a
very
humble
beginning
in
the
workshop
of
Ole
Kirk
Christiansen,
a
carpenter from Denmark.
Christiansen began creating wooden toys in 1932.
Two years later, he stumbled
on the
Lego name by putting together the first two
letters of the Danish words Leg and
Godt
，
(21) ____
mean “play well”. The name could be
interpreted as “I put them
together” in
Latin
；
it also
corresponds to
the Greek verb (22) ____
(mean) “gather” or
“pick up”.
In
1947,
the
company
expanded
to
making
plastic
toys.
At
first,
(23)
____
use
of
plastic
for
toy
manufacture was not
highly regarded by retailers and consumers of the
time.
Many of the Lego Group’s
shipments
(24)
____
(return)
，
following
poor
sales.
However,
Christiansen’s
son,
Godtfred
Kirk
Christiansen, saw the immense potential
in Lego bricks (25) ____ (become) a system for
creative play. As
the junior managing
director of the Lego Group, he spent years trying
to im
prove the “locking” ability of
the bricks and made the bricks (26)
____ (versatile). In 1958, the modern interlocking
brick design was
finally developed and
patented.
Today Lego is sold in more
than 130 countries. Every minute 33, 824 Lego
bricks are made, and kids
around the
world spend 5 billion hours a year playing with
Lego. There will be more than 400 million
5