-小憩
Old English Literature
古英语文学
（
450-1066
年）
Beowulf
（贝奥武甫）
---The first English
national epic
中世纪英语文学（
1066-1
500
）
Geoffrey
Chaucer
(
乔叟
，
c.
1343
–
1400)
was
an
English
poet.
He
is
remembered
for
his
The
Canterbury
Tales
《坎特伯雷故事集》
,
called
the father of English litera
ture―
英国文学之父
‖
William Langland
(
朗格兰
，
1330?-1400?),the
author of the 14th-century English long narrative
poem Piers
Plowman
《农夫皮尔斯》
.
文艺复兴（
16-17
世纪）
William Shakespeare (
莎士比亚，
1564-1616)
,
English poet and playwright, his surviving
works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets,
two long narrative poems Venus and Adonis
《维拉斯和
阿多尼斯》
The
Rape of Lucrece.
《鲁克丽丝受辱记》
Shakespeare‘s greatest
works:
greatest
tragedies
are
King Lear
《李尔王》
,Macbeth
《麦克白》
,Hamlet
《哈姆雷特》
, Othello
《奥赛罗》
,Romeo
and Juliet
《罗密欧与朱丽叶》
grea
t comedies
: A
Midsumme
r Night‘s Dream
《仲夏夜之梦》
,As You Like It
《皆大欢喜》
,The
Merchant of Venice
《威尼斯商人》
, Twelfth Night
《第十二夜》
great
historical
plays:
Richard III
《理查三世》
,Henry IV
《亨利四世》
, Henry V
《亨利五
世》
, Henry VII
《亨利八世》
John
Milton
(
弥尔顿
,
1608-1674)
was
an
English
poet
and
civil
servant
for
the
Commonwealth of England. He is best
known for his epic poem Paradise
Lost
《
失乐园》
,
Paradise
Regained
《复乐园》
Samson
《力士参孙》
.
18
世纪文学和新古典主义
Alexander
Pope
(
浦柏
,1688-1744 )
is generally regarded as the greatest
English poet of
the eighteenth century,
best known for his
satirical epigram
讽刺隽语
and
heroic
couplet
英雄双
韵体
.His
major works include mock epic satirical poem An
Essay on Man
《人论》
and An
Essay
on Criticism
《论批评》
Daniel
Defoe (
笛福，
1660
—<
/p>
1731)
was an
English writer who gained enduring fame for his
novel Robinson
Crusoe
《鲁滨逊漂流记》
, spokesman
for
middle-class people
Henry Fielding
(
菲尔丁
, 1707 ---1754)
，
an English novelist known
for his novel:The History of
Tom Jones.
Jonathan Swift
(
斯威夫特
,1667-1745)
,
was an Anglo-Irish novelist, satirist. He is
remembered
for novel such as
Gulliver‘s
Travels
《格列佛游记》
.
Richard Sheridan (
谢立丹，
1751
—
1816)
,
Irish playwright ,known for his satirical play
School
of
Scandal(
造谣学校
). He was a
represntative writer of Comedies of Manners.
Laurence
Sterne
(
斯特恩
,1713
< br>—
1768
)
,
an
English
novelist.
He
is
best
known
for
his
novel
Tristram Shandy
（
《商第传》
）
.
Oliver Goldsmith
（哥尔德斯密斯，
1728-1774
）
English
novelist, known for his novel Vicar of
Wakefield
(
《威克菲尔德牧师传记》
)
Thomas
Gray
(
托马斯
?
格雷
1716
—
1771
)
，
an
English
poet,
author
of
Elegy
Written
in
a
Country Churchyard
（
《墓畔哀歌》
）
,
writer
of sentimentalism
感伤派
.
浪漫主义（
18
世纪末
19
世纪初）
William
Blake (1757
–
1827)
was an English poet, best known for his
poetical collections of Song
of
Innocence
《天真之歌》
and Song of
Experience
《经验之歌》
.
William
Wordsworth
(1770-1850),a
major
English
Romantic
poet
who,
with
Samuel
Taylor
Coleridge, helped
launch the Romantic Age in English literature with
their 1798 joint publication,
Lyrical <
/p>
Ballads
《抒情歌谣集》
.Wor
dsworth?s
magnum
opus
is
generally
considered
to
be
The
Prelude
《序曲》
.
Samuel Taylor
Coleridge(
柯勒律治
, 1772
–
1834) was an English poet
who was, along with his
friend William
Wordsworth, one of the founders of the Romantic
Movement in England and one
of the
Lake Poets
. He is probably
best known for his poems The Rime of the Ancient
Mariner
《古
舟子颂》
and Kubla
Khan
《忽必烈汗》
George
Gordon
Byron
(
拜伦，
1788
—
1
824
)
was
a
English
poet
and
a
leading
figure
in
t
Byron?s
best
-known
works
are
his
narrative
poems
Childe
Harold?s
Pilgrimage
《哈罗尔德游记》
and Don
Juan
《唐璜》
Percy
Bysshe Shelley
(1792
—
1822) was
one of the major English Romantic poets and is
widely
considered to be among the
finest lyric poets in the English language. He is
perhaps most famous
for Ode to the West
Wind
《西风颂》
, To a
Skylark
《致云雀》
, Prometheus Unb
ound
《解放了的
普罗米修斯》
.
Mary Shelley (
玛丽
?
雪莱
1797
–
1851)
was a
British novelist best known for her Gothic novel
Frankenstein
《弗兰肯斯坦》
, considered as
first science fiction
John Keats (
济慈
,
1795
—
1821)
was an
English poet who became one of the principal poets
of
the English Romantic movement. His
masterpieces such as Ode on a Grecian Urn
《希腊古瓮颂》
and Ode to a
Nightingale
《夜莺颂》
浪漫主义时期小说家
Jane
Austen
(1775
—
1817)
,
was
an
English
novelist.
Her
major
novels
include
Sense
and
Sensibility
(
《理智与情感》
), Pride and
Prejudice (
《傲慢与偏见》
), Emma
(
《爱玛》
).
Walter
Scott (
司各特
, 1771---
1832),
a prolific Scottish historical
novelist . His major works is
Ivanhoe
《艾凡赫》
Realism
现实主义时期
（
Victorian Age
维多利亚时期
1837-1901
）
Bronte sisters
勃朗宁姐妹
,
Charlotte
(
夏洛蒂
, 1816
–
1855), Emily
(
艾米丽
, 1818
–
1848) and
Anne
(
安妮
,
1820
–
1849), were English
writers of t
he 1840s and 1850s.
Charlotte?s Jane
Eyre
《简爱》
, Emily‘s Wuthering
Heights
《呼啸山庄》
and Anne's Agnes Grey
《艾格妮斯
·
格雷》
are
masterpieces of English literature.
George Elliot (
乔治
-
爱略特，
1819
—
1880 )
was an English novelist. She
was one of the leading
writers
of
the
Victorian
era.
Her
novels,
largely
set
in
provincial
England.
Her
major
novels
include:The Mill on the
Floss
《佛洛斯河上的磨坊》
M
iddlemarch
《米德尔玛契》
.
Charles Dickens (1812
–
1870)
：
one of the most
popular English novelists of the Victorian era.
His
major novels include: A Tale of Two
Cities
《双城记》
,Oliver Twist
《奥利弗退斯特》
,David
Copperfield
《大卫科波菲尔德》
, Great Expectation
《远大前程》
, Hard Times
《艰难时世》
William
Makepeace
Thackeray
< br>(
萨克雷，
1811
—
1863)
was
an
English
novelist
of
the
19th
century. He was famous for his
satirical works, particularly Vanity
Fair
《名利场》
Mrs.
Gaskell (
盖斯凯尔夫人
,
1810-1865)
was an English novelist
during the Victorian era. Her
major
novels include: Mary Barton
《玛丽
?
巴顿》
Thomas
Hardy(
哈代
, 1840
–
1928) ,
an
English novelist of the
naturalism
自然主义
. His major
novels include: Tess
of the
d?Urbervilles
《德伯家的苔丝》
Far from the Madding
Crowd
《远
离尘嚣》
Jude
the Obscure.
《无名的裘德》
Most of
his novels are set in
Wessex
（威塞克斯
）
.
现实主义时期诗歌
Robert Browning
(
布朗宁
,
1812
–
1889)
was an
English poet and playwright whose mastery of
dramatic
verse,
especially
dramatic
monologues
戏剧独白
,
made
him
one
of
the
foremost
Victorian poets.
Alfred Tennyson
(
丁尼生，
1809
–
1892)
was Poet
Laureate of the United Kingdom and remains
one
of
the
most
popular
English
poets.
Tennyson
excelled
at
penning
short
lyrics,
including
Oscar Wilde
(
王尔德
, 1854
–
1900)
playwright and one novel, known for his
aestheticism
唯美主义
(
art for art‘s sake
为了艺术而艺
术
)
. His major plays include The
Importance of Being
Earnest
《不可儿戏》
; His major
novel is
The Picture of Dorian Gray
《道林
-
格雷的画像》
20
世纪和现代主义
Bernard
Shaw
(
萧伯纳
,
1856-1950),
an
Irish
playwright,
the
greatest
dramatist
in
English
literature
in
the
20th
century.
He
adhered
to
the
tradition
of
realism,
writing
plays
as
a
way
to
discuss
social problems. He won Nobel Prize for literature
in 1925. His major plays include, Mrs
Warren‘s
Profession
《华伦夫人的情人》
, Major
Barbara
《芭芭拉少校》
, Pygmalion
《皮革马
力翁》
and Saint
Joan
《圣女贞德》
John
Galsworthy (
高尔斯华绥
,
1867-1933)
one of the most important
novelists in the Early 20th
century
，
a Nobel Prize winner. His major works
is Forsyte Saga
《福尔赛世家》
which
comprises
three novels:The Man of
Property
《有产业的人》
, In
Chancery
《衡平法院》
To
Let
《出租》
Joseph
Conrad
(
康拉德
,
1857-1932)
Conrad
was
born
in
Poland
and
an
English
novelist.
His
major novels include
Lord Jim
《吉姆爷》
and The Heart
of Darkness
《黑暗的心》
.
James
Joyce
(
乔伊斯
,
1882-1941):
An
Irish
born
novelist,
known
for
the
technique
of
the
stream of
consciousness. His main works:
Ulysses
《尤利西斯》
;
A Portrait of the Artist as
a Young Man
《青年艺术家的肖像》
Finnegan‘s
Wake
;
《芬尼根彻
夜祭》
Dubliners
《都柏林人》
E. M. Forster
（福斯特
,
1879-1970
）
an English
novelist, A Passage to India
《印度之行》
T.S. Eliot
(T.S.
艾略特
,
1888-1965)
：
American poet,
best known for his poem The Waste Land
《荒原》
, 1948 Nobel Prize
winner for literature.
David
Herbert
Lawrence
(D.H.
劳伦斯
,
1885-1930),
an
English
novelist.
His
most
important
novels are,
Rainbow
《彩虹》
and
Sons and Lovers
《儿子与情人》
. He
is
the founder of stream
of
consciousness
意识流
.
William Butler Yeats
(
叶芝
,
1865-1939)
an
Irish poet
and
awarded Nobel Prize for literature in
1923. His major poems include Sailing
to Byzantium
《驶向拜占庭》
and Leda
and Swan
《利达
和天鹅》
.
Samuel Beckett
(
贝克特，
1906-1989)
,
an Irish dramatist and Nobel Prize winner for
Literature.
His masterpiece is Waiting
for Godot
《等待戈多》
. He is the
exponent of the theatre of the absurd
荒诞派戏剧
.
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