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英语高考试题(含答案)
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions:
After reading
the
passages below,
fill
in
the
blanks
to
make
the
passages coherent
and
grammatically correct.
For the blanks with a given word, fill in each
blank with the proper form. of the
given word; for the other blanks, use
one word that best fits each blank.
(A)
Bags of Love
Last year, I
was assigned to work at an office near my
mother
’
s house, so I stayed
with her for a month. During
that time,
I helped out with the housework and contributed to
the groceries.
After less than a week, I started
noticing that the groceries were running out
pretty quickly
—
we were always
suddenly out
of something. (25)_______(wonder) how my mum could
consume them so quickly, I began observing
her daily routine for two weeks. To my
surprise, I found that she would pack a paper bag
full of canned goods and
head out every
morning at about nine. Eventually, I decided to
follow her and (26)_______ happened truly amazed
me. She was taking the food to the
refugee camp, in (27)______ she distributed it to
children.
I
asked around and found out that my mum was very
well known in the area. The kids were very
friendly with
her and even looked up to
her as if she were their own mother. Then it hit
me
—
shy would she mot want
to tell me
about what she
(28)_____(do)? Was she worried about how I would
react or that I would stop (29)_____(buy) the
groceries if I found out?
When she got home, I told
her about my discovery. (30)_____ she could react,
I gave her a big hug and told her
she
didn
’
t need to keep it a
secret (31)______ me. She told me that some of the
children lived with an older lady in
a
shelter while others slept on the streets. For
years, my mum has been helping out by giving them
whatever food
she could spare. I was so
impressed by (32)_____ selfless she was.
学
.
科网
(B)
Stress: Good or Bad?
Stress used to
be an almost unknown word, but now that we are
used to talking about it, I have found that people
are beginning to get stressed about
being stressed.
In
recent
years,
stress(33)______(regard)
as
a
cause
of
a
whole
range
of
medical
problems,
from
high
blood
pressure to mental illness. But like so
many other things, it is only too much
stress(34)______ does you harm. It is
time you considered that if there were
no stress in your life, you would achieve a
little. If you are stuck at home
with
no stress, then your level of performance will be
low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you
are under, the
(35)_____(good)
your
performance
will
be.
Beyond
a
certain
point,
though
,
further
stress
will
only
lead
to
exhaustion, illness and finally a
breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top
and on the downward slope, by
asking
yourself (36)_______ number of questions. Do you,
for instance, feel that too much
is
being expected of
(37)______, and yet
find it impossible to say no? Do you find yourself
getting impatient of (38) _____(annoy) with
people over unimportant things?... If
the answer to all those questions is yes, you had
better(39)______(control )
your stress,
as you probably are under more stress than is good
for you.
To
some extent you can control the amount of stress
in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart
showing how
much stress is involved in
various events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy
40, moving house 20, Christmas 12,etc.
1
If
the total stress in your life is over 150, you are
twice as likely (40)_______ (get )ill.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following
passage by using the words in the box. Each word
can only be used
once. Note that there
is one word more than you need.
A. account
B. adjustable
C.
appliances
D. capture
E. decorations
F. direct
G. experiment
H.
intended
I. operated
J. soulless
K. squeeze
Golden Rules of
Good Design
What makes good design? Over the years,
designers and artists have been trying to
41
the essentials
of good design. They have found that
some sayings can help people understand the ideas
of good design. There are
four as
follows.
Less is more. This saying is
associated with the German-born architect Mies van
der Rohe. In his Modernist
view, beauty
lies in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of
the designer is to create solutions to problems
through
the most efficient means.
Design should avoid unnecessary
42
More is not a bore. The American-born
architect Robert Venturi concluded that if
simplicity is done badly, the
result
is
43
design.
Post-Modernist
designers
began
to
44
with
decoration
and
color
again.
Product
design was heavily
influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen
45
such as ovens
and kettles.
Fitness
for
purpose.
Successful
product
design
takes
into
consideration
a
product
’
s
function,
purpose,
shape,
form,
color,
and
so
on.
The
most
important
result
for
the
user
is
that
the
product
does
what
is
46
.
For
example, think of a(n)
47
desk lamp. It needs to be
constructed from materials that will stand the
heat of the
lamp and regular
adjustments by the user. It also needs to be
stable. Most importantly, it needs to
48
light
where it
is needed.
From
follows
emotion.
This
phrase
is
associated
with
the
German
designer
Hartmut
Esslinger.
He
believes
design
must
take
into
49
the
sensory
side
of
our
nature
—
sight,
smell,
touch
and
taste.
These
are
as
important
as <
/p>
rational
(
理性的
)
thinking.
When
choosing
everyday
products
such
as
toothpaste,
we
appreciate
a
cool-looking device that allows us to
easily
50
the toothpaste onto our brush.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the
following passage there are four words or phrases
marked A, B, C and D. Fill
in each
blank with the word or phrase that best fits the
context.
In
the
1960s,
Douglas
McGregor,
one
of
the
key
thinkers
in
the
art
of
management,
developed
the
mow
famous Theory X and Theory
Y
. Theory X is the idea that people
instinctively
51
work and will do anything
to
avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has
the potential to find satisfaction in work.
In any case, despite so much evidence
to the
52
, many managers still agree
to Theory X. They believe,
53
,
that
their
employees
need
constant
supervision
if
they
are
to
work
effectively,
or
that
decisions
must
be
imposed
from
54
without
consultation. This, of course, makes for
authoritarian (
专制的
)
managers.
Different
cultures
have
different
ways
of
55
people.
Unlike
authoritarian
management,
some
cultures,
particularly in Asia, are well known
for the consultative nature of decision-
making
—
all members of the
department or
work
group
are
asked
to
56
to
this
process.
This
is
management
by
the
collective
opinion.
Many
western
companies
have
tried
to
imitate
such
Asian
ways
of
doing
things,
which
are
based
on
general
57
.
Some
experts
say
that
women
will
become
more
effective
managers
than
men
because
they
have
the
power
to
reach
2
common goals in a way that traditional
58
managers cannot.
A recent trend has been to encourage
employees to use their own initiative, to make
decisions on their own
without
59
managers first. This
empowerment
(
授权
) has been part of the
trend towards downsizing:
60
the number of management layers in
companies. After de-layering in this way, a
company may be
61
with
just
a
top
level
of
senior
managers,
front-line
managers
and
employees
with
direct
contact
with
the
public.
Empowerment takes
the idea of delegation (
委托
)
much further than has
62
been the case. Empowerment and
delegation mean new forms of management
control to
63
that the
overall business plan is being followed, and
that operations become more profitable
under the new organization, rather than less.
Another
trend
is
off-site
or
64
management,
where
teams
of
people
linked by
e-mail
and
the
Internet
work on projects from their own houses.
Project managers evaluate the
65
of the team members in terms of
what they produce for projects, rather
than the amount of time they spend on them.
51. A. desire
B. seek
C. lose
D. dislike
52.
A. contrary
B. expectation
C. degree
D. extreme
53. A. vice versa
B. for example
C. however
D. otherwise
54.
A. outside
B.
inside
C. below
D. above
55. A. replacing
B. assessing
C. managing
D. encouraging
56. A. refer
B. contribute
C. object
D. apply
57. A.
agreement
B. practice
C. election
D. impression
58. A. bossy
B. experienced
C. western
D. male
59. A. asking
B. training
C. warning
D. firing
60. A.
doubling
B. maintaining
C. reducing
D. estimating
61. A. honoured
B. left
C. crowded
D. compared
62.
A. economically
B. traditionally
C. inadequately
D. occasionally
63. A. deny
B. admit
C. assume
D. ensure
64. A.
virtual
B.
ineffective
C.
day-to-day
D.
on-the-scene
65. A. opinion
B. risk
C. performance
D. attractiveness
Section B
Direction
:
Read
the
following
three
passages.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
several
questions
or
unfinished
sattments. For each of them there are
four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the one
that fits best according to
the
information given in the passage you have just
read.
(A)
One
early
morning,
I
went
into
the
living
room
to
find
my
mother
reading
a
thick
book
called
Best
Loved
Poems to Read Again and
Again
. My interest was aroused only by
the fact that the word
“
Poem
s
”
appeared in big,
hot pink letters.
“
Is it
good?
”
I asked her.
“
Yea
h,
”
she answered.
“
There
’
s one I
really like and you
’
ll like
it, too.
”
I leaned forward.
“
‘
Patty
Poem,
’
”
she read
the title. Who is Patty? I wondered. The poem
began:
She never puts her toys away,
①
①
Just leaves them
scattered
where they
lay,
…
散乱的
The poem was just three
short sections. The final one came quickly:
3
When she grows and gathers
poise
,
稳重
③
③
I
’
ll miss her
harum-scarum
noise,
莽撞的
④
④
And look in
vain
for scattered toys.
徒劳地
And
I
’
ll be sad.
A
terrible sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was,
she was a mean girl. Then, the shock.
“
It
’
s
you, honey,
”
My mother said
sadly.
To my
mother, the poem revealed a
parent
’
s affection when her
child grows up and leaves. To me, the
“
she
”
in
the poem was horror. It was my mama
who would be sad. It was so terrible I burst out
crying.
“
What
’
s
wrong?
”
my mother asked.
“
Oh
Mama,
”
I cried.
“
I
don
’
t want to grow up
ever!
”
She smiled.
“
Honey,
it
’
s okay.
You
’
re not growing up
anytime soon. And when you do,
I
’
ll still love you,
okay?
”
“
Okay,
”
I was still weeping. My panic has
gone. But I could not help thinking about that
silly poem. After what
seemed like a
safe amount of time, I read the poem again and was
confused. It all fit so well together, like a
puzzle.
The language was simple, so
simple I could plainly understand its meaning, yet
it was still beautiful. I was now
fascinated by the idea of poetry, words
that had the power to make or break a
person
’
s world.
I have since fallen in love
with other poems, but
“
Patty
Poem
”
remains my poem. After
all,
“
Patty
Poem
”
gave
me my
love for poetry not because it was the poem that
lifted my spirits, but because it was the one that
hurt me the
most.
66. Why
was the writer attracted by the book
Best Loved Poems to Read Again and
Again
?
A. It was a thick enough
book.
B. Something on its cover caught her
eye.
C. Her mother was reading it with
interest.
D. It has a meaningful title.
67. After her mother read the poem to
her, the writer felt ______ at first.
A. sad
B. excited
C. horrified
D. confused
68. The
writer
’
s mother liked to
read
“
Patty
Poem
”
probably
because______.
A. it reflected her own childhood
B.
it was written in simple language
C. it was composed by a
famous poet
D.
it gave her a hint of what would happen
69. It can be concluded from the
passage that
“
Patty
Poem
”
leads the writer to
_______.
A.
discover the power of poetry
B. recognize her love for
puzzles
C. find
her eagerness to grow up
D. experience great homesickness
(
B
)
Is
there link between humans and climate change or
not? This question was first studied in the early
1900s.
Since
then,
many
scientists
have
thought
that
our
actions
do
make
a
difference.
In
1997,
the
Kyoto
Protocol
explained
our
role
in
the
E
arth’s
changing
atmosphere
and
set
international
limits
for
gas
emissions
(
排放
)
from
2008
to
2012.
Some
countries
have
decided
to
continue
these
reductions
until
2020.
More
recently,
the
Paris
Agreement, stuck by
nearly 200 countries, also aims to limit global
warming. But just now how much warmer it
will get depends on how deeply
countries cut carbon emissions.
②
②
4
3.5
℃
This is how much temperatures would
rise by 2100 even if nations live up to the
initial Paris
promises
to
reduce
carbon
emissions;
this
rise
could
still
put
coastal
cities
under
water
and
drive
over half of all species to extinction.
2
℃
To
meet this minimum goal, the Agreement requires
countries to tighten emissions targets every
five years. Even this increase could
sink some islands, worse
drought
(
干旱
) and drive a decline
of up to a third in the number of
species.
1.5
℃
This is the most ambitious goal for
temperature rise set by the Paris Agreement, after
a push by
low-lying island nations like
Kiribati, which say limiting temperature rise to
1.5
℃
could save
them from sinking.
0.8
℃
This is how much temperatures have
risen since the industrial age began, putting us
40% of the
way to the
2
℃
point.
0
℃
The baseline here is average global
temperature before the start of the industrial
age.
70. It can be
concluded from paragraph 1 that _______.
A. the problem of global warming will
have been quite solved by 2020
B. gas
emissions have been effectively reduced in
developed countries
C. the Paris
Agreements is more influential than the Kyoto
Protocol
D. humans have made continuous
efforts to slow down global warming
71.
If nations could only keep the initial promises of
the Paris Agreement, what would happen
by the year 2100?
A. The
human population would increase by one third.
B. Little over 50% of all species would
still exist.
C. Nations would not need
to tighten their emissions targets.
D.
The Agreement’s minimum goal would not be
reached.
72. If those island
nations not far above sea level are to survive,
the maximum temperature rise, since the start of
the industrial age, should be_______.
A. 0.8
℃
B.
1.5
℃
C. 2
℃
D. 3.5
℃
(C)
Enough “
meaningless
drivel
”. That’s the message from a
group of members of the UK government who have
been examining how social media firms
like LinkedIn gather and use social media data.
The
House of Commons Sci
ence and Technology
Committee’s report, released last week, has blamed
firms for
making people sign up to long
incomprehensible legal contracts and calls for an
international standard or
kitemark
(
认证标记
) to
identify sites that have clear terms and
conditions.
“The
term
and
conditions
statement
that
we
all
carelessly
agree
to
is
meaningless
drivel
to
anyone,”
says
Andrew Miller, the chair of the
committee. Instead, he says, firms should provide
a plain-English version of their
terms.
The
simplified
version
would
be
checked
by
a
third
party
and
awarded
a
kitemark
if
it
is
an
accurate
5
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