2017年江苏省高考英语试卷及解析

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too.

But there is cause for concern. The internet has made data abundant, all-present

and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially

used

the

data

collected

from

users

to

target

advertising

better.

But

recently

it

has

discovered

that

data

can

be

turned

into

new

services:

translation

and

visual

recogni

tion, to be sold to other companies. Internet companies’ control of data gives

them

enormous

power.

So

they

have

a

“God’s

eye

view”

of

activities

in

their

own

markets and beyond.

This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking

up

firms

like

Google

into

five

small

ones

would

not

stop

remaking

themselves:

in

time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is required

—

and as a new

approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.

The first is that antitrust authorities need to move form the industrial age into the

21st century. When considering a merger(

兼并

), for example, they have traditionally

used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent

of

firms’

data

assets(

资产

)

when

assessing

the

impact

of

deals.

The

purchase

price

could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-born threat. When

this takes place, especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of, the

regulators should raise red flags.

The

second

principle

is

to

loosen

the

control

that

providers

of

on- line

services

have over data and give more to those who supply them. Companies could be forced

to consumers what information they hold and how many money they make form it.

Governments could o

rder the sharing of certain kinds of data, with users’ consent.

Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy But if governments

don’t wants a data

economy by a few giants, they must act soon.

61

．

Why is there a call to break up giants

？

A

．

They have controlled the data market

．

B

．

They collect enormous private data

．

C

．

They no longer provide free services

．

D

．

They dismissed some new

﹣

born giants

．

62

．

What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate

？

A

．

Data giants' technology is very expensive

．

B

．

Google's idea is popular among data firms

．

C

．

Data can strengthen giants' controlling position

．

D

．

Data can be turned into new services or products

．

63

．

By paying attention to firms' data assets

，

antitrust regulators could

．

第

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A

．

kill a new threat

B

．

avoid the size trap

C

．

favour bigger firms

D

．

charge higher prices

64

．

What is the purpose of loosening the giants' control of data

？

A

．

Big companies could relieve data security pressure

．

B

．

Governments could relieve their financial pressure

．

C

．

Consumers could better protect their privacy

．

D

．

Small companies could get more opportunities

．

65

．

（

12

分）

D

Old Problem, New Approaches

While

clean

energy

is

increasingly

used

in

our

daily

life,

global

warning

will

continue for some decades after CO

2

emissions

（排放）

peak. So even if emissions

were

to

begin

to

decrease

today,

we

would

still

face

the

challenge

of

adapting

to

climate

change.

Here

I

will

stress

some

smarter

and

more

creative

examples

of

climate adaptation.

When it comes to adaptation, it is important to understand that climate change is a

process.

We

are

therefore

not

talking

about

adapting

to

a

new

standard,

but

to

a

constantly

shifting

set

of

conditions.

This

is

why,

in

part

at

least,

the

US

National

Climate

Assessment

says

that:

“

There

is

no

‘

one-size

fits

all

’

adaptation.

”

Nevertheless, there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost.

Around

the

world,

people

are

adapting

in

surprising

ways,

especially

in

some

poor countries. Floods have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades.

Mohammed

Rezwan

saw

opportunity

where

others

saw

only

disaster.

His

not-for-profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries, schools,

and

health

clinics,

and

are

equipped

with

solar

panels

and

other

communicating

facilities. Rezwan is creating floating connectivity

（连体）

to replace flooded roads

and highways. But he is also working at a far more fundamental level: his staff show

people how to make floating gardens and fish ponds prevent starvation during the wet

season.

Elsewhere

in

Asia

even

more

astonishing

actions

are

being

taken.

Chewang

Norphel lives in a mountainous region in India, where he is known as the Ice Man.

The loss of glaciers(

冰川

) there due to global warming represents an enormous threat

to agriculture. Without the glaciers, water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can

damage crops. Norphel’s inspiration c

ame from seeing the waste of water over winter,

when it was

not

needed. He directed the

wasted water into shallow basins where it

froze,

and

was

stored

until

the

spring.

His

fields

of

ice

supply

perfectly

timed

irrigation(

灌溉

) water. Having created nine such ice reserves, Norphel calculates that

he has stored about 200, 000m

3

of water. Climate change is a continuing process, so

Norp

hel’s

i

ce

reserves

will

not

last

forever.

Warming

will

overtake

them.

But

he

is

第

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providing a few

years during which the farmers will, perhaps, be able to find other

means of adapting.

Increasing

Earth’s

reflectiveness

can

cool

the

planet.

In

southe

rn

Spain

the

sudden increase of

greenhouses

(which

reflect

light

back to

space) has

changed the

warming

trend

locally,

and

actually

cooled

the

region.

While

Spain

as

a

whole

is

heating up quickly, temperatures near the greenhouses have decreased. This example

should act as an inspiration for all cities. By painting buildings white, cities may slow

down the warming process.

In Peru, local farmers around a mountain with a glacier that has already fallen

victim to climate change have begun painting the entire mountain peak white in the

hope that the added reflectiveness will restore the life-giving ice. The outcome is still

far from

clear. But

the World

Bank has

included the project

on its of

save the planet”.

More ordinary forms of adaptation are happening everywhere. A friend of mine

owns an area of land in western Victoria. Over five generations the land has been too

wet

for

cropping.

But

during

the

past

decade

declining

rainfall

has

allowed

him

to

plant

highly

profitable

crops.

Farmers

in

many

countries

are

also

adapting

like

this

—

either by growing new produce, or by growing the same things differently. This

is

common

sense.

But

some

suggestions

for

adapting

are

not.

When

the

polluting

industries

argue

that

we’ve

lost

the

battle

to

control

carbon

pollution

and

have

no

choice but to adapt, it’s a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual.

Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and

astonishing

ways.

But

the

most

sensible

form

of

adaptation

is

surely

to

adapt

our

energy systems

to

emit

less

carbon pollution. After all, if we adapt

in

that way, we

may avoid the need to change in so many others.

65

．

The underlined part in Paragraph 2 implies

．

A

．

adaptation is an ever

﹣

changing process

B

．

the cost of adaptation varies with time

C

．

global warming affects adaptation forms

D

．

adaptation to climate change is challenging

66

．

What is special with regard to Rezwan's project

？

A

．

The project receives government support

．

B

．

Different organizations work with each other

．

C

．

His organization makes the best of a bad situation

．

D

．

The project connects flooded roads and highways

．

67

．

What did the Ice Man do to reduce the effect of global warming

？

A

．

Storing ice for future use

．

B

．

Protecting the glaciers from melting

．

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C

．

Changing the irrigation time

．

D

．

Postponing the melting of the glaciers

．

68

．

What do we learn from the Peru example

？

A

．

White paint is usually safe for buildings

．

B

．

The global warming tread cannot be stopped

．

C

．

This country is heating up too quickly

．

D

．

Sunlight reflection may relieve global warming

．

69

．

According to the author

，

polluting industries should

．

A

．

adapt to carbon pollution

B

．

plant highly profitable crops

C

．

leave carbon emission alone

D

．

fight against carbon pollution

70

．

What's the author's preferred solution to global warming

？

A

．

Setting up a new standard

．

B

．

Reducing carbon emission

．

C

．

Adapting to climate change

．

D

．

Monitoring polluting industries

．

第四部分：任务型阅读（满分

10

分）请阅读下面短 文，并根据所读内容在文章

后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词．注意：请将答案写 在答题卡上相应

题号的横线上．每个空格只填一个单词．

71

．

（

10

分）

Population Change

Why

is

the

world's

population

growing

？

The

answer

is

not

what

you

might

think

．

The

reason

for

the

explosion

is

not

that

people

have

been

reproducing

like

rabbits

，

but that people have stopped dropping dead like flies

．

In 1900

，

people died at

the average age of 30

．

By 2000 the average age was 65

．

But while increasing health

was a typical feature of the 20th century

，

declining birth rate could be a defining one

of the 21st

．

Statistics show that the average number of births per woman has fallen from

第

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4.9

in

the

early

1960s

to

2.5

nowadays

．

Furthermore

，

around

50%

of

the

world's

population

live

in

regions

where

the

figure

is

now

below

the

replacement

l evel

（

i

．

e.2.1 births per woman

）

and almost all developed nations are experiencing sub

﹣

replacement birth rate

．

You might think that developing nations would make up the

loss

（

especially since 80% of the world's people now live in such nations

）

，

but you'd

be wrong

，

Declining birth rate is a major problem in many developing regions too

，

which might cause catastrophic global shortages of work force within a few decades

．

A

great

decline

in

young

work

force

is

likely

to

occur

in

China

，

for

instance

．

What

does

it

imply

？

First

，

Chi na

needs

to

undergo

rapid

economic

development before a population decline hits the country

．< /p>

Second

，

if other factors

such as technology remain constant

，

economic growth and material expectations will

fall well below recent standards and this could invite trouble

．

Russia

is

another

country

with

population

problems

that

could

break

its

economic promise

．

Since 1992 the number of people dying has been bigger than that

of those being born by a massive 50%

，

Indeed official figures suggest the country has

shrunk by 5% since 1993 and people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in

1961

．

Why is this occurring

？

Nobody is quite sure

，

but poor diet an above all long

﹣

time

alcoholism

have much

to

do

with

it

．

If

current

trends

don't

bend

．

Russia's

population will be about the size of Yemen's by the year 2050

．

In the north of India

，

the population is booming due to high birth rates

，

but in

the

south

，

where

most

economic

development

is

taking

place

，

birth

rate

is

falling

rapidly

．

In a further twist

，

birth rate is highest in poorly educated rural areas an lowest

in highly educated urban areas

．

In total

，

25% of India's working

﹣

age population has

no education

．

In 2030

，

a sixth of the country's potential work force could be totally

uneducated

．

One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via immigration

．

As for

the USA

，

it is almost unique among developed nations in having a population that is

expected to grow by 20% from 2010

﹣

2030

，

Moreover

，

the USA has a track record of

successfully accepting immigrants

．

As a result it's likely to see a rise in the size of its

第

11

页（共

29

页）

working

﹣

age

population

and

to

witness

strong

economic

growth

over

the

longer

term

．

Population Change

Decline

of

the

birth

The birth rate in the 21st century may be much (71)______ than

it was in the 20th.

It would be difficult for developed countries to maintain the

(72)_________ of population.

Population

American solution

and

(74)________ pressure

The impact of dropping birth rate on developing countries may not

be (73)____________ but disastrous.

To

guarantee

its

economic

growth,

China

needs

to

deal

with

the

population issue properly, as its workers are getting (75)________.

The (76)__________ death of Russians may result in a shrinking

population,

which

would

damage

its

economic

future.

It

would

be better if it can change people

’

s way of (77)________.

Leaving aside the birth rate issue, India

’

s economy may take off

when

the

country

achieves

(78)___________

of

educational

opportunity.

The

USA

will

increase, from

2010-2030,

its

population

by 20%

through

(79)_______.

This

will

(80)

_________

for

the

lack

of

young work force.

第

12

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29

页）

第五部 分：书面表达（满分

25

分）

81

．

（

25

分）

请认真阅读下面有关我国电影票房收入

（

box-office income

）的柱状

图及相关文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇

150

词左右 的文章。

Saturday Afternoon. In a Shopping Centre.

Li Jiang: Hi, Su movie shall we see?

Su

Hua:

Whatever.

We

’

ve

got

so

many

choices,

Kung

Fu

Yoga

,

Journey to the West

…

Each sounds great!

Li Jiang: Yeah! And some movie stars are fantastic.

Su Hua: And the high- tech!...

Li Jiang: Perfect! Let

’

s get some food first. We only have 20

One Day in

2016.

At Home.

minutes left.

Su Hua: No hurry. The cinema is on the same floor.

Son:Mum, shall we go and see a film tonight?

Mother: Why bother?We can stay at home and watch films online.

It’s convenient with

our new and faster network

Son: But it feels good in a cinema.

Mother:

And the price… We have to pay 50 yuan a ticket.

Son: Only 10 yuan more than last year.

Mother:

But still we cannot get the money’s films are just boring…

【

写作内容

】

【写作内容】

1

．用约

30

个单词概述柱状图

信息 的主要内容；

．．．

2

．我国电影票房收入变化的原因有哪些，简要谈谈你的看法（上述对话仅供参

考，原因不少于两点）

；

3