-标定
2018
高考全国Ⅱ卷英语试卷答案及解析
<
/p>
2018
年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语
本试卷分第
I
卷（选择题）和第
II
卷（
非选择题）两部分。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题
卡一并交回。
第
I
卷
注意事项：
1.
< br>答第
I
卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号写在本试
卷和答题卡相应位置
上。
2.
选出每小题答案后，用
2B
铅笔把答题卡上
对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改
动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，不能答在
本试卷上，否则无效。
第一部分
<
/p>
阅读理解（共两节，满分
40
分）
第一节（共
15
小
题；每小题
2
分，满分
30
分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（<
/p>
A
、
B
、
C
和
D
）中，选出最
佳选项，并
在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Summer Activities
Students should read the list with
their parents/carers, and select two activities
they would
like
to
do.
Forms
will
be
available
in
school
and
online
for
them
to
indicate
their
choices
and
return to school. Before choices are
finalised, parents/carers will be asked to sign to
confirm their
child’s
choices.
Activity
Description
Member of staff
Outdoor
Take
yourself
out
of
your
comfort
zone
for
a
Mr. Clemens
Adventure(OUT)
week,
discover
new
personal
qualities,
and
learn
new
skills.
You
will
be
able
to
take
part
in
a
number
of
activities from canoeing to wild
camping on Dartmoor.
Learn rock
climbing and work as a team, and enjoy the
great outdoor environment.
WWI
Battlefields
On
Monday
we
travel
to
London.
After
staying
Mrs. Wilson
and Paris(WBP)
overnight
in
London,
we
travel
on
Day
2
to
northern
France to visit the World War I
battlefields. On Day 3 we
cross
into
Belgium.
Thursday
sees
us
make
the
short
journey
to
Paris
where
we
will
visit
Disneyland
Paris
park,
staying
until
late
to
see
the
parade
and
the
fireworks. Our final
day, Friday, sees us visit central Paris
and tour the main sights.
Crafty Foxes(CRF)
Four
days
of
product
design
centred
around
Mrs. Goode
textiles. Making lovely objects using
recycled and made
materials. Bags,
cushions and decorations… Learn skills
and leave with modern and unusual
textiles.
Potty
Visit Warner
Bros Studio, shop stop to buy picnic,
Miss Drake
about
stay
overnight
in
an
approved
Youth
Hostel
in
Potter(POT)
Streatley-on-
Thames,
guided
tour
of
Oxford
to
see
the
film
locations,
picnic
lunch
outside
Oxford’s
Christchurch,
boating on the River Cherwell through the
Cost
?140
?425
?30
?150
University Parks, before heading back
to Exeter.
21. Which
activity will you choose if you want to go
camping?
A. OUT
B.
WBP
C. CRF
D. POT
22. What will the students do on
Tuesday with Mrs Wilson?
A. Travel to London.
B.
See a parade and fireworks.
C. Tour central Paris.
D. Visit the WWI battlefields.
23. How long does Potty about Potter
last?
A. Two days.
B. Four days.
C. Five days.
D.
One week.
文体：应用文
主题：文章主要提供给
了孩子们四种不同类型的夏日活动以及相关具体信息。
21.
答案：
A
细节题
解析：根据题干中关键信息
go camping
定位到文中第一个表格
OUT
中内容：
You
will
be
able
to
take
part
in
a
number
of
activities
from
canoeing
to
wild
camping on Dartmoor.
可知答案选
A
22.
答案：
D
细节题
解析：根据题干中
Mrs. Wilson
以及
Tuesday
这两个关键信息定位到第二个表格中内容：
We travel on Day 2 to northern France
to visit the World War I battlefield.
此处的
第二天指的就是题干中的
Tue
sday
，可知答案选
D
。
23.
答案：
A
细节题
解析：
根据题干中关键细节
Potty aboutPotter
可将定位到文中第四个表格第二排信息：
Visit Warner Bros Studio, shop stop to
buy picnic, stay overnight in an approved
Youth Hostel in Streatley-
on-
Thames · · · .
其中
overnight
是
过一夜
的意思，因此
可以得知
Potty a
boutPotter
应该会持续两天，可知答案选
A
。
B
Many
of us love July because it
’
s
the month when nature
’
s
berries and stone fruits are
in
abundance.
These
colourful
and
sweet
jewels
from
British
Columbia’s
fields
are
little
powerhouses of nutritional protection.
Of
the
common
berries,
strawberries
are
highest
in
vitamin
C,
although,
because
oftheir seeds, raspberries contain a
little more protein
(
蛋白质
)
, iron and
zinc (not that fruits
have
much
protein).
Blueberries
are
particularly
high
in
antioxidants
(
抗氧化物质
)
.
The
yellow
and
orange
stone
fruitssuch
as
peaches
are
high
in
the
carotenoids
weturn
intovitamin
A
and
which
are
antioxidants.
As
for
cherries
(
樱桃
)
,
they
are
so
delicious
whocares? However,
they are rich in vitamin C.
When
combined
with
berries
or
slices
of
other
fruits,
frozen
bananas
make
an
excellentbase for thick, cooling
fruitshakes and l
ow fat
“
ic
e cream”
. For
this purpose, select
ripebananas
for
freezing
as
they
are
much
sweeter.
Remove
the
skin
and
place
them
in
plastic
bags
or
containers
and
freeze.
If
you
like,
a
squeeze
of
fresh
lemon
juice
on
the
bananas will prevent them turning
brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks,
depending
on their ripeness and the
temperature of the freezer.
If
you
have
a
juicer,
you
can
simply
feed
in
frozen
bananas
and
some
berries
or
slicedfruit.
Out
comes
a
“
soft-
serve”
creamy
dessert
,to
be
eaten
right
away.
This
makes
a
funactivity for a
children's party; they love feeding the fruit and
frozen bananas into the top
ofthe
machine and watching the ice cream come out below.
24. What does the author seem to like
about cherries?
A. They contain
protein.
B. They are high in vitamin A.
C. They have a pleasant taste
D. They are
rich in antioxidants.
25. Why is fresh
lemon juice used in freezing bananas?
A. To make them smell better.
B. To keep
their colour.
C. To speed up their
ripening.
D. To
improve their nutrition.
26. What is “a
juicer “in the la
st paragraph?
A. A dessert.
B. A drink.
C. A container.
D. A machine.
27. From which is the text probably
taken?
A. A biology textbook.
B.
A health magazine.
C. A research paper.
D. A travel
brochure.
【解析】
24.
答案
C
推测题
解析
：
在第二段最后说了
As for cherries
(
樱桃
), they are so delicious
who cares?
…与之
相对应答案应为
< br>C
选项
。
25.
答案
B
细节题
解析
：
根据题干中的关键词
fresh lemon
juice
定位到第三段中的
if you like, a
squeeze of fresh
lemon juice on the
bananas will prevent them turning brown.
可知目的是为了防止香蕉变色
。
26.
答案
D
推测题
解析
：
定位至最后一段
，
由
feed in frozen bananas
可知
juicer
是可以装香蕉的东西
，
再
看到
下一句
，
关键动词
out comes a
“
soft-
serve
”
creamy des
sert
可知该容器可把香蕉变成一个
甜品
，
所以功能强大
，
选
machine
机器最恰当
。
27.
答案
B
推断题
解析
：
该文中心词是
fruit
，
第二段讲了一些水果的营养成分
，
第三段则讲述
如何做出美味的
水果甜点
，
所以不应该
是跟
biology
“
生物
”
，
research
“
研究
”
以及
t
ravel
“
旅行
”
< br>这三个话
题相关
，
故选
B
，
与
health<
/p>
“
健康
”
息息相
关
。
C
Teens
and
younger
children
are
reading
a
lot
less
for
fun,
according
to
a
Common
SenseMedia report
published Monday.
While
the
decline
over
the
past
decade
is
steep
for
teen
readers,
some
data
in
the
reportshows
that
reading
remains
a
big
part
of
many
children’s
lives,
and
indicates
how
parentsmight help encourage more
reading.
According
to
the
report’s
key
findings,
“th
e
proportion(
比例
)who
say
they‘
hardly
ever’read for fun has gone from
8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent
of 17-year-olds in
1984 to22 percent
and 27 percent respectively
today.
”
The
report
data
shows
that
pleasure
reading
levels
for
younger
children,
ages
2-8,
remainlargely the same.
But the amount of time spent in reading each
session has declined,
fromcloser to an
hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.
When
it
comes
to
technology
and
reading
the
report
does
little
to
counsel
(
建
议
)parentslookin
g for data about the effect of e-readers and
tablets on reading. It does point
out
thatmany parents still limit electronic reading,
mainly due to concerns about increased
screen time.
The most
hopeful data shared in the report shows clear
evidence of parents serving
asexamples
and important guides for their kids when it comes
to reading. Data shows that
kids and
teens who do read frequently, compared to
infrequent readers, have more books in
thehome, more books purchased for them,
parents who read more often, and parents who
setaside time for them to read.
As the end of school approaches, and
school vacation reading lists
loom(
逼近
)ahead,
parents might take this chance to step
in and make their own summer reading list and plan
afamily trip to the library or
bookstore.
28. What is the Common Sense
Media report probably about?
A.
Children's reading habits
B.
Quality
of
children’s
books
C. C
hildren’s
after
-class activities
D.
Parent-child
relationships
29. Where can you find the data that
best supports
“children are reading a
lot less for
fun
”
?
A. In paragraph 2
B. In paragraph
3
C. In paragraph 4
D. In paragraph
5
30. Why do many parents limit
electronic reading?
A.E-books are of
poor quality
B.
It
could
be
a
waste
of
time.
C. It may harm
children's health.
D.E-readers are
expensive.
31. How should
parents encourage their children to read more?
A. Act as role models for them
B. Ask them to write book
reports
C. Set up reading
groups for them
D.
Talk
with
their
reading
class teachers
【解析】
28.
答案
A
细节题
根据文章第一段的第一句话可知
Common Sense M
edia
报道的是关于青少年阅读乐趣大大减
少
，
这里只有
A
选项是关于阅读
的
，
故选
A
。
29.
答案
B
细节题
从文章中能够找到最好的数据
支撑的内容应是在第三段
，
当中明确指出
“
说自己阅读基本不
是因为乐趣的比例从
1984
年的
8%
到
9%
上升到今天的
22%
到
27%
”
，
由
此可以看出孩子们的
阅读乐趣大大减少
。
30.
答案
C
< br>从文中第五段的最后一句可知
“
许多父母仍然限制电子阅
读
，
主要因为担心增加的屏幕时间
。<
/p>
”
所谓的屏幕时间也就是对长时间面对电子屏幕的时间
，
即对于健康的影响
。
故
选
C
。
31.
答案
A
从文章的倒数第二段的第一句中的关键词
“
serving
as examples
”
和
“
important guides
”
，
以
及第二句
“
数据
显示经常阅读的孩子
，
和不经常阅读的比起来有家里有更多的书
，
有更多为
他们买的书
，
家长们更多的阅读也留出阅读时间给孩子们
。
”
可知家长们应该作为他们的榜
样来培养他们
多读书
。
D
We’ve
all
been
there:
in
a
l
ift,
in
line
at
the
bank
or
on
an
airplane,surrounded
by
people who are, like us,deeply focused
on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with
the
uncomfortable silence.
What’s
the
problem?
It’s
possible
that
we
all
have
compromised
conversational
intelligence. It’s more likely
that
none of us start a
conversation because it’s awkward and
challenging, or we think it’s annoying
and unnecessary. But the next time you find
yourself
among strangers,consider that
small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s
an invaluable
social practice that
results in big benefits.
Dismissing
small
talk
as
unimportant
is
easy,
but
we
can’t
forget
that
deep
relationships
wouldn’t
event
exist
if
it
weren’t
for
casual
conversation.
Small
talk
is
the
grease
(
润滑剂
)
for social communication,
says
Bernardo
Carducci,
director
of the
Shyness
Research Institute at Indiana
University Southeast. “Almost every great love
story and each
big
business
deal
begins
with
small
talk,”
he
explains,
“The
key
to
successful
small
talk
is
learning how to connect with others,
n
ot just communicate with
them.”
In
a
2014
study,
Elizabeth
Dunn,
associate
professor
of
psychology
at
UBC,
invited
people on their way into a coffee shop.
One group was asked to seek out an
interaction
(
互
动
)
with its waiter; the other, to speak
only when necessary. The results showed that those
who
chatted
with
their
server
reported
significantly
higher
positive
feelings
and
a
better
coffee
shop
experience.
“It’s
not
that
talking
to
the
waiter
is
better
than
talking
to
your
husband,”
says
Dunn.
“But
interact
ions
with
peripheral
(
边缘的
)
members
of
our
social
network matter for
our well-
being also.”
Dunn believes that people who reach out
to strangers feel a significantly greater sense
of
belonging,
a
bond
with
others.
Carducci
believes
developing
such
a
sense
of
belonging
starts with small
talk. “Small talk is the basis of good manners,”
he says.
32.
What phenomenon is described in the
first paragraph?
A.
Addition to smartphones.
B.
Inappropriate
behaviours in public places.
C.
Absence of
communication between strangers.
D.
Impatience
with slow service.
33.
What is important for successful small
talk according to Carducci?
A.
Showing good
manners.
B.
Relating to
other people.
C.
Focusing on a topic.
D.
Making
business deals.
34.
What does the coffee-shop study suggest
about small talk?
A.
It improves family relationships.
B.
It raises
people’s confidence.
C.
It matters as
much as a formal talk.
D.
It makes people feel good.
35.
What is the
best tittle for the text?
A.
Conversation Counts.
B.
Ways of Making
Small Talk
C.
Benefits of Small Talk
D.
Uncomfortable
Silence
【解析】
32.
答案
C
细节题
解析：根据题干的关键词
“
first
paragraph
”
定位到文章的第一段，根据内容
surrounded by
people who are,
like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or,
worse, struggling with the
uncomfortable
silence
,
表达含义是：围绕着一些，就像我们这样的，专注手机的人或者
更为糟糕的是在这种令人不舒服的寂静中挣扎，所以选项
C
正确。
33.
答案
B
细节题
解析：
根据题干的关键词
“
successful small
talk
和
Carducci
” <
/p>
定位到文章的第三段
Carducci
所
说的三句话，分别是
small talk is the grease for
successful communication; almost every
great love story and each big business
deal begin with small talk;
最核心的句子是最后一句：
The key to
successful talk is learning how to connect with
others, not just communicate with
them.
表达含义是：
成功谈话的关键是学会如何和别人产生联系而不仅
仅是和他们交流，
所以选项
B
正确。<
/p>
34.
答案
D
细节题
解析：根据题干的关键词
“
coffee-shop
study
”
定位到文章的第四段第
一句末尾，根据两
组对比产生的结果：
The results
showed that those who chatted with their server
reported
significantly higher positive
feelings and a better coffee shop experience.
表达含义是：
结果
显示这些和服务员闲聊的人都
会报告说有更积极的感受和更好的咖啡店的体验，
所以选
项
D
正确。
35.
答案
C
主旨题
解析：根据题干的关键词
“
best
title
”
得知这是一道主旨大意题
，所以这道题只有纵观全
文，当然可以借助前面两道题的题干知道文章关键词就是
“
small
talk
”
，所以锁定
B
和
C
项，再结合文章大意得知文章重点描述：小对话的好处而非如何进行小对话，
所以选项
C
正确。
第二节（共
5
小题；每小题
2
分，满分
10
分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出
能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项
为多余选项。
Ifyou are already making the time to
exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy
lives
，
itcan be
hard to try and find the time to work out.36
Working out in the morningprovides
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