track-公差带
第
8
课
(Lesson
8)
I.
原文
(Source Text)
我
对于运动会
1
的感想
胡
适
我到美国
入大学后
,第一次去看我们大学和别的大学的足球竞争
(Foo
tball
,此系另一种
很激烈的足球,
与中国现行
2
的不同
)
。
入场券卖每人美金二元
3
,
但看的人竟有几千人之多。
每到紧要关头,几千人同声喊着本
校的“呼声”
(yell)
以鼓励场中的武士
< br>4
。有受伤的球员,
扶下场时,大家也喊着“呼声”祝贺
5
他,安慰他。我第一次观场,看见那野蛮的奋斗
6
,
听着那震耳的“呼声”
,实在不惯;心里常想:这真是罗马时代的角抵和斗兽
7
的遗风
,很
不人道的。
但是场中叫喊的人,
不但是少年男女,
还有许多白发的老教授,
——我的植物教习罗里
教授就坐在我的附近,——也拼命的喊着助威的“呼声”
p>
!
我心里更不明白了
!
但是我以后还去看过几次,看到第三次,我也不知不觉的站起来,跟着
8
我们的同学们
拼命的喊那助威的“呼声”
!
难道我被那野蛮的遗风同化了吗
?
不
是的;
我渐渐把我从中国带去的
“老人意态”
< br>丢开
了;我也变少年了
!
我在
北京大学住
9
了五年,不知不觉的又被中国学生的“斯文样子”
同化了,我的“老
人意态”又差不多全回来了。
今天忽然听说北京大学要开一个运动会,
这个消息使我很高兴。
我的记忆力使我回到十
二年前跟着大家
10
大呼大喊的时候
11
,我很想再有同样的机会使
我弹去一点“老态”
。我希
望许多同学都来这运动会场上尝尝少
年的高兴,
——把那斯文的老景暂时丢在讲堂上或寄宿
舍里
p>
!
II.
理解难点提示
(Suggestions for
Comprehension)
1.
“我对于运动会的感想”
中的“运动会”
,是泛泛而谈,还是就某一次运动会而谈?
看下
文提到的写这篇文章的缘起。
2.
“现行”是什么意思?考虑“行”的对象是什么。
3.
作者认为这个价是高还是低?
看这个分句与下个分句形成什么关系。
4.
“武士”指什么人?为什么称之为“武士”?
5.
运动员受了伤,为什么要“祝
贺他”?想想除了安慰之外,观众对受伤的运动员还
会说些什么?
6.
这里的“奋斗”实指什么?
7.
“角抵”与“斗兽”有什么不同?
8.
“跟着”是否意味着同学先喊,自己后喊?
9.
作者是否仅仅把北京大学作为居住地?
10.
这“大家”具体指什么人?
11.
作者想起的是否仅仅是时间?
III.
译文
(Target
Text)
Reflections on the Sports
Meet
1
Hu Shih
After
entering
an
American
University
2
,
I
watched,
for
the
first
time,
an
intercollegiate
football match on the
campus
3
. Unlike the football
we now play in China, American football is a
very tough game
4
.
Though admission cost as much as two US dollars
per person
5
, yet there was a
large attendance of several
thousand
6
. At the critical
moment, the stadium would be echoing with
the spectators
?
chorus of wild yells for their own athletic
heroes
7
. Whenever a player
of their side
was
injured
and
helped
out
of
the
football
field,
they
would
also
yell
by
way
of
saluting
and
comforting
him
8
. At first I just
couldn
?
t get used to the
rough play and deafening
roar
9
, inwardly
calling it an inhuman modern version of
the bloody fights of men with men or with wild
animals
in the arena of the Roman
amphitheater
10
.
Among the yelling
crowds
11
were not only young
boys and girls, but also many hoary-headed
old professars. I was very surprised to
see my professor of botany, Mr. Rolly, who
happened to be
sitting nearby, also
shouting frantically
12
.
I went to watch football several times.
The third time, however, found me rising to my
feet in
spite of myself to join my
fellow students in cheering like
mad
13
.
Can
I
have
been
assimilated
into
the
barbarous
modern
version
of
the
ancient
Roman
practice
14
? No.
The fact is, I gradually threw away the
“
old-age
mentality
”
that
I
?
d brought with
me from China. I became rejuvenated.
Now, after spending five years teaching
at Peking University
15
,
I
?v
e been assimilated into
the
“
scholarly
dignity
”
of my
students
16
, so that my
erstwhile
“
old-age
mentality
”
has revived by
and
large
17
.
Today I was very happy to hear that
Peking University was about to schedule a sports
meet
18
.
That
reminds me of how twelve years ago I joined the
football crowds in giving loud
yells
19
.
I
?
m
looking
forward very eagerly to the new opportunity for me
to regain some of my youthful
spirit
20
.
I
hope
all
my
students
will
be
present
at
the
playing
field
to
taste
the
joy
of
youthfulness
and
temporarily
leave behind their
“
scholarly
dignity
”
in the classroom or
dormitory
21
.
(Translated by Zhang Peiji)
IV
.
表达解说
(Explanation of
Expression)
1.
“运动会”
特指引起作者写本文的北大运动会,
不译
Sports
Meets,
而译
the Sports
Meet
。
2.
< br>汉语有联动式,动词用得多;比较起来,英语动词用得少。汉译英时,要设法减少
动词。
办法一般是化次要动词为介词,
故
“到美国入大学校”
可译为:
entering a
university in
America
(
比较:拿块荷叶包了——
wrap it up in a
lotus leaf[Ex04])
。但
a
university in America
等于
an
American university
。
3.
“
(
我
们
)
大学和
(
别的
)
大学的”
就是
< br>intercollegiate
,
“我们
(
大学
)
”
则由
on the
campus
表达。
4.
本句为美国足球分类。照常理,
“
A
是
(
一种
)B
”中的
B
应是一个上位概念,故第二
个“足球”译为
game
。
“现行的”跟“足球”搭配,具体化为
we now
play
。
5.
“入场券”译为
admission
,实是
(
发生于两种语言之间的
)
旁
代手法:以行为代替与行
为相关的物。也可照译为
admiss
ion tickets
。
“卖”译为
cost
,经历了这样一个转换过程:对
主办方:
“卖”→“被卖”→对观众:
“被买”→“花费”
。
从下个分句来看,每张票两美元
是高价,故加
as much
as(
数量达到??
)
。
6. an attendance
意为“在场者
人数”
,类似于
audience
。汉
语说“看的人多”
,英语则说
“看的人数目大”
。说明汉语习惯用以“以人为本”的表达法:直接说某人做某事,某人怎
么样;
英语则往往要说得抽象一点。
用语言学的术语来说,
就是汉语的表层结构更接近于深
层结构。
Atte
ndance
既是一种数目,就说
large
< br>或
small
,而不说
many
或
few
。
7.
本句原文说人在场中干什么,译文说场中发生什么情况,
也表明汉语的表层结构更
接近于深层结构。
chorus of
wild yells
等于
simultaneous wild
yells
,作“同声狂呼”解;
their
own athletic
heroes
也可改为
the warriors of
their own team
,更接近于原文。
8.
“祝贺他”实指“向他致敬”
,
故译为
saluting...him
。
“喊着‘呼声’
”与“祝贺他,
安慰他”之间是手段与目的的
关系,译文以“喊着‘呼声’
”为谓语,以
by way
of…
表示目