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Unit 1

Unit1

（

< br>28

）共九十三个。

1

?

I

was

fresh

out

of

graduate

school

starting

my

first

semester

at

the

University

of

Kansas

City.

(Para.

1)

P:

?

I

had

just

completed

my

graduate studies and began teaching

at the University of Kansas City

2

,New

as

I

was

to

the

faculty,

I

could

have

told

this

specimen

a

number

of

things.

P:Though I was a new teachen ,I knew I

could

tell

him

what

a

university

was

for,but I couldn’t.

3

I could have pointed out that he had

enrolled,

not

in

a

drugstore-mechanics

school,

but

in

a

college

and

that

at

eh

end

of

hiscourse

meant

to

reach

for

a

scroll that read Bachelor of Science

P:I could have told him that he was now

not

getting

training

for

a

job

in

a

technical

school

but

doing

a

B.S.

at

a

university.

Unit 1

4

It

would

certify

that

he

had

specialized

in

pharmacy,

but

it

would

further certify that he had been exposed

to

some

of

the

ideas

mankind

has

generated within its history.

P:The B.S. certificate would be an official

proof

that

the

holder

had

special

knowledge

of

pharmacy,

but

it

would

also be a proof that he/ she had learned

/

absorbed

some

profound

ideas

of

the

past

5.

I

could

have

told

him

all

this,

but

it

was fairly obvious he wasn’t going to be

around long enough for it to matter.

P:

I

didn’t

actually

say

all

this

to

him,

because

I

didn

’t

think

he

would

stay

at

college

very

long,

so

it

wouldn’t

be

important whether or not he knew what

university education was for

6.

Nevertheless, I was young and I had

a high sense of duty and I tried to put it

this way

Unit 1

P:Instead

of

telling

him

the

importance

of

an

all-around

education,

I

tried

to

convince him from a very practical point

of view

7..

You

will

see

to

it

that

the

cyanide

stays

out

of

the

aspirin,

that

the

bull

doesn’t

jump

the

fence,

or

that

your

client doesn’t go to the electric chair

as a

result of your incompetence.

P:You have to take responsibility for the

work you do. If you’ re a pharmacist,

you should make sure that aspirin is not

mixed

with

poisonous

chemicals.

As

an

engineer, you shouldn’t get things out of

control.

If

you

become

a

lawyer,

you

should

make

sure

an

innocent

person

is

not sentenced to death because you lack

adequate

legal

knowledge

and

skill

to

defend your client.

8..Along

with

everything

else,

they

will

probably

be

what

puts

food

on

your

table,

supports

your

wife,

and

rears

your children.

P:In addition to all other things (such as

satisfaction) these professions offer, they

provide you with a living so that you can

Unit 1

support a family: wife and children.

9... They will be your income, and may it

always suffice

10..Those

professional

skills

will

be

rewarding

for

your

career

and

we

hope

that

theremay

always

be

opportunities

of further learning.

11..Will the children ever be exposed to

a reasonably penetrating idea at home?

P:Will

your

children

ever

hear

you

talk

about something profound at home?

12...Will

you

be

presiding

over

a

family

that

maintains

some

contact

with

the

great democratic intellect

P:Will

you

be

head

of

a

family

who

brings up the kids in a democratic spirit?

13

Will there be a book in the house?

P:Will you be reading serious books (not

just popular fiction)?

14

Will

there

be

a

painting

a

reasonably

sensitive

man

can

look

at

Unit 1

without shuddering?

P:What kind of pictures will you put up in

your house? Will you have a painting in

your house

that shows some taste on

your

part?

十五：

…

to

put

you

in

touch

with

what

the best human minds have thought

P

：

to

expose

you

to

/

make

you

understand

the

ideas,

opinions

and

thinking

of

the

best

philosophers,

scientists,

writers

and

artists

in

human

history.

十

六

.

If

you

have

no

time

for

Shakespeare,

for

a

basic

look

at

philosophy, for the continuity of the fine

arts,

for

that

lesson

of

man’s

development we call history

—

then you

have no business being in college.

Paraphrase

：

If

you

don’t

want

to

improve

your

mind

and

broaden

your

horizon

by

studying

a

little

literature,

philosophy and the fine arts and history,

you shouldn’t be studying here at college

Unit 1

17.

You

are

on

your

way

to

being

that

new

species

of

mechanized

savage,

the

push-button Neanderthal.

Paraphrase

：

Youwillsoon

become an uneducated,

i

gnorant person

who

can

only

work

machines

and

operate mechanical

equipment

18

：

Our

colleges

inevitably

graduate

a

number of such life forms, but it cannot

be said that they went to college; rather

the

college

went

through

them

—

without making contact.

Paraphrase

：

A

number

of

such

push- button savages get college degrees.

We cannot help that. But even with their

degrees,

we

can’t

say

that

these

people

have received a proper college education.

It is more accurate to say that they come

through

college

without

learning

anything.

19

：

No

one

gets

to

be

a

human

being

unaided.

Unit 1

Paraphrase

：

No one can grow up to

be a civilized person without the help of

others.

20

：

There is not time enough in a single

lifetime

to

invent

for

oneself

everything

one

needs

to

know

in

order

to

be

a

civilized human.

Paraphrase

：

Tobecome

a

civilized person, you need to acquire the

knowledge

and

develop

the

culture

a

civilized

society

needs.

One

lifetime

is

too

short

to

create

an

environment

for

him to become civilized.

21

：

You know more because they left you

what

they

knew,

because

you

can

start

from what the past learned for you.

P:All

human

knowledge

has

been

accumulated by people living in the past

and has been passed on to us. You learn

all

this

before

you

do

any

original

research, or any research of your own.

22:

As

this

is

true

of

the

techniques

of

Unit 1

mankind,

so

it

is

true

of

ma

nkind’s

spiritual resources

P:This

is

the

way

we

learn

and

develop

the

techniques

of

mankind.

This

is

also

how

we

inherit

and

advance

mankind’s

spiritual resources.

23:For a great book is necessarily a gift; it

offers you a life you have not the time to

live

yourself,

and

it

takes

you

into

a

world you have not the time to travel in

literal time.

P:Because

a

great

book

is

something

given to us to enrich our lives. It presents

to

you

a

kind

of

life

you

don’t

have

a

chance

to

experience

yourself,

and

it

des

cribes

for

you

places

you

don’t

have

time actually to visit.

24:A

civilized

mind

is,

in

essence,

one

that contains many such lives and many

such worlds

P:Basically,

a

cultured

and

educated

person

should

know

about

such

great

variety of lives and worlds

Unit 1

2

五：

If you are too much in a hurry, or

too

arrogantly

proud

of

your

own

limitations,

to

accept

as

a

gift

to

your

humanity

some

pieces

of

the

minds

of

Aristotle, or Chaucer, or Einstein, you are

neither a developed human nor a useful

citizen of a democracy. (Para. 12)

P

：

If you are too anxious to make money,

too ignorant to see your limitations, then

you couldn’t regard those great people’s

minds

as

a

gift

to

your

humanity,

and

thus you can’t be a developed human

。

2

六：

He

might

have

said

that

no

one

would ever manage to become human if

they hadn’t read about it

P

：

He

might

have

added

that

a

person

wouldn’t

deserve

to

be

called

a

human

being if they hadn’t read about it.

27

：

A university has no real existence and

no

real

purpose

except

as

it

succeeds

in

putting

you

in

touch,

both

as

specialists

and as humans, with those human minds

your human mind needs to include.

Unit 1

P

：

No matter who you are, a specialist or

a

common

person,

if

the

university

cannot

make

you

maintain

contact

with

the

best

civilization

of

the

history

that

you

should

know

it

cannot

be

called

university, and has no reason to exist.

28

：

The faculty, by its very existence, says

implicitly: “We have been aided by many

people,

and

by

many

books,

in

our

attempt to make ourselves some sort of

storehouse

of

human

experience.”(Para.

14)

Paraphrasing

The

existence of the

faculty

:

of

the

literal

arts

college

itself

says

clearly: ‘In our effort to make out faculty

a

place

where

our

students

can

experience

variety

of

life

they

do

not

have time to live themselves, we get a lot

of

help

from

many

people

and

books,

present and past.

Unit3

（

13

）

1

，

And root crops especially are hard to

Unit 1

tell

apart,

when

store-bought,

from

our

own

.

P:

It

is

really

hard

to

recognize

the

difference

of

root

crops

we

buy

from

stores and those we grow.

2

，

As

it

is,

though,

I

cannot

deny

that

when April comes I find myself going out

to

lean

on

the

fence

and

look

at

that

miserable plot of land, resolving with all

my rational powers not to plant it again.

P

:However,

in

reality,

I

have

to

admit

that

when

April

comes

I

leaned

on

the

fence and look at this patch painfully and

reasonably

made

up

my

mind

not

to

garden any more.

3,

But

inevitably

a

morning

arrives

when,

just

as

I

am

awakening,

a

scent

wafts

through

the

window,

something

like

earth-as-air,

a

scent

that

seems

to

come

up

from the very center of this planet.

Unit 1

P:

But

inevitably

just

as

I

am

waking

up

in

a

morning,

a

pleasant

smell

floats

up

and

pour

in

though

the

window.

It

smells

like

earth

and

it

seems to rise from inside the earth.

4,

?

the worms are deliciously worming

their way through the melting soil.

P:

The birds start to cry really loudly. We

are

thinking

the

same

thing:

the

soil

is

becoming

soft

and

the

delicious

worms

are moving across the soil.

6.

But black plastic looks so industrial, so

unromantic, that I have gradually moved

over to hay mulch. (Para 4

)

Paraphrase:

But

black

plastic

looks

so

unnatural

(because it is made in factories) and ugly

that

I

have

gradually

shifted

to

hay

mulch.

Unit 1

7.

Keeping a garden makes you aware of

how

delicate,

bountiful,

and

easily

ruined the surface of this little planet is.

Paraphrase:

If

you

keep

a

garden,

it

will

help

you

realize

how

generous

the

land

of

the

earth is to us and how easily damaged it

is

.

9.

I

suppose

if

you

loaded

the

soil

with

chemical

fertilizer

these

differences

would

be

less

noticeable,

but

I

use

it

sparingly

and

only

in

rows

right

where

seeds

are

planted

rather

than

broadcast

over the whole area. (Para 5)

Paraphrase:

I

suppose

if

you

use

a

large

quantity

of

chemical

fertilizer

on

the

soil,

these

differences

would

not

be

so

obvious

(would

be covered up); but

I use it very

carefully and only in where the seeds are

planted

instead

of

spreading

it

over

the

whole patch.

10,

She

looks

about

skeptically.

Her

favorite task is binding the tomato plants

Unit 1

to stakes.

Paraphrase:

She

looks

around

doubtfully

to

see

if

something

goes

wrong.

And

she

likes

most

to

bind

the

tomatoes

to

wooden

stakes

so

that

they

would

not

bend

downward

due

to

the

weight

of

the

fruits.

11

，

In

some

pocket

of

the

mind

there

may

even

be

a

tendency

to

change

this

vision into a personal reassurance that all

this healthy growth, this orderliness and

thrusting

life

must

somehow

reflect

movements in one

’

s own spirit.

(Para 9)

Paraphrase:

Whenever

I

see

this

beautiful,

well-organized

and

arranged

garden

which is full of life and where everything

is

growing

so

vigorously,

I

feels

certain

that

there

is

something

similar

in

my

mind.

12.

?

and

so

it

has

to

be

an

arena

where

striving

does

not

cease,

but

Unit 1

continues by other means.

Paraphrase:

?

and so a garden turns to be a stage or

field where one shows that his effort to

achieve something never stops. (Or put it

another

way,

a

garden

is

a

means

of

displaying his ceaseless struggle.)

13.

Only

the

gardener

is

capable

of

endlessly reviving so much hope that this

year,

regardless

of

drought,

flood,

typhoon,

or

his

own

stupidity,

this

year

he is going to do it right!

Paraphrase: Only the gardener is capable

of continuously finding back (or bringing

back)

the

hope

and

believing

that

this

year

he

is

going

to

do

it

correctly,

in

spite of the possible difficulties--- such as

drought,

flood,

typhoon

or

mistakes

he

will possibly make

UNIT,4

（

15

）

The Man in the Water

14

，

And there was the aesthetic clash as

well

—

blue

and

green

Air

Florida,

the

name

of

a

flying

garden,

sunk

down