infrastructure2017年江苏英语高考(含答案解析)

A

、

B

、

C

、

四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在

答题卡上将该 项涂黑。

For a long time Gabriel didn?t want to be involved in music at all. In his first years of high school,

Gabriel would look pityingly at music students, 36 across the campus with their heavy instrument

cases. 37 at school for practice hours 38 anyone else had to be there. He swore to himself to

39 music,as he hated getting to school extra early.

40,one

day,in

the

music

class

that

was

41of

his

school

?

s

standard

curriculum,he

was

playingidly(

随 意地

)on the piano and found it 42to pick out a sinking feeling,he realized

that he actually 43doing d to hide his 44pleasure from the music teacher,who had 45over to

t

not

have

this

particularly

well,46the

teacher

told

Gabriel

that

he

had

a

good47and

suggested

that

Gabriel

go

into

the

music

store- room

to

see

if

any

of

the

instruments

there

48him.

There he decided to give the cello(

大提琴

)a he began practicing,he took it very he

quickly found that he loved playing this instrument,and was 51to practicing it so that within a couple

of months he was playing reasonably well.

This 52,of course, that he arrived at school early

in the morning,53his heavy instrument case

across the campus to the 54looks of the non-musicians he had left55.

ling

ng

ling

37. up

up

g up

g up

38.

39.

iate

40. ore

r

er

41.

42. cate

ing

43.

ed

d

44. arent

s

r < /p>

第

3

页共

10< /p>

页

45.

ed

46. e

47.

48. ed

to

ed

to

49.

n

on

50. sly

y

ly

ed

51. ted

d

ed

52.

ed

53. g

ng

g

g

54. ng

g

ng

g

55.

第三部 分：阅读理解（共

15

小题；每小题

2

分，满分

30

分）

请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的

A

、

B

、

C

、

D

四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在

答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

CHRONOLOGICA

——

The Unbelievable Years that Defined History

D

ID

Y

OU

K

NOW

…

∷

In 105AD paper was invented in China?

∷

When Columbus discovered the New World?

∷

The British Museum opened in 1759?

C

HRONOLOGICA

is

a

fascinating

journey

through

time, from the foundation of Rome to the creation of the

internet. Along the way are tales of kings and

queens,

hot

air balloons…and monkeys in space.

Travel through 100 of the most unbelievable years

in world history and learn why being a Roman Emperor

wasn’t always as good as it

sounds, how the Hundred

Years’ War

didn’t

actually

last

for

100

years

and

why

Spencer

Perceval

holds

a

rather

unfortunate record.

C

HRONOLOGICA

is

an

informative

and

entertaining

tour

into

history,

beautifully

illustrated and full of unbelievable

facts. WhileC

HRONOLOGICA

tells the stories of famous

people in history such as Thomas Edison and Alexander the Great, this book also gives

an account of the lives of lesser-known individuals including the

explorer Mungo Park and sculptor Gutzon Borglum.

This

complete

but

brief

historical

collection

is

certain

to

entertain readers young and old, and guaranteed to present even

the biggest history lover with something new!

is CHRONOLOGICA according to the next?

A.A biography.

B.A travel guide.

C.A history book.

D.A science fiction.

does the writer recommend CHRONOLOGICA to readers?

giving details of its collection.

introducing some of its contents.

telling stories at the beginning.

comparing it with other books.

第

4

页共

10

页

B

Before

birth,

babies

can

tell

the

difference

between

loud

sounds

and

can

even

distinguish

their

mother?s

voice

from

that

of

a

female

when

it

comes

to

embryonic

lear ning(

胎

教

),birds

could

rule

the

recently

reported

in

The

Auk

:

Ornithological

Advances

,some

mother

birds

may

teach

their

young

to

sing

even

before

they

hatch (

孵化

)

。

N ew-

born

chicks

can

then

imitate

their

mom?s

call within a few days of entering the world.

Red-backed fairy wrens

(

鹪鹩

)

, which live in northern

This educational method was first observed in 2012 by Sonia Kleindorfer,a biologist at Flinders

and eastern Australia, lay three or four eggs at a time.

University in South Australia,and her Australian superb fairy wrens were found to

repeat one sound over and over again while hatching their eggs. When the eggs were hatched,the baby

birds made the similar chirp to their mothers

—

asound that served as their regular

“feed me!”call.

To find out if the special quality was more widespread in birds, the researchers sought the red-

backed fairy wren, another species of Australian songbird. First they collected sound dated from 67

nests

in

four

sites

in

Queensland

before

and

after

hatching.

Then

they

identified

begging

calls

by

analyzing

the

order

and number

of

notes.

A

computer analysis

blindly

compared

calls

produced

by

mothers and chicks, ranking them by similarity.

It turns out that baby red- backed fairy wrens also emerge chirping like their moms. And the more

frequently

mothers

had

called

to

their

eggs,

the

more

similar

were

the

babies?

begging

calls.

In

addition, the team set up a separate experiment that suggested that the baby birds that most closely

imitated their mom

?s voice were rewarded with the most food.

This

observation

hints

that

effective

embryonic

learning

could

signal

neur ological(

神经系统

的

)st rengths of children to evolutionary inference can then be drawn.

“

As a parent,do you

invest in quality children

,or do you invest in children that are in need?”Kleindorfer asks

.

“Our

results

suggest that they might be going for quality.”

underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 means

“”

.

the worst

the best

just as bad

just as good

are Kleindorfer

?

s findings based on?

rities between the calls moms and chicks.

observation of fairy wrens across Australia.

data collected from Queensland

?

s locals.

lled experiments on wrens and other birds.

nic learning helps mother birds to identify the baby birds which .

receive quality signals

in need of training

the environment better

the loudest call

C

A

new

commodity

brings

about

a

highly

profitable,fast- growing

industry,urging

anti trust(

反垄

断

)regulat ors to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago,the resource in question

was

oil.

Now

similar

concerns

are

being

raised

by

the

giants(

巨头

)that

deal

in

data,

the

oil

of

the

digital

age.

The

most

valuable

firms

are

Google,Amazon,

Facebook

and

Microsoft.

All

look

unstoppable.

Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime.

The

giants

?

success

has

benefited

consumers.

Few

want

to

live

without

search

engines

or

a

quick

第

< br>5

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10

页

< br>

delivery.

Far

from

charging

consumers

high

prices,

many

of

these

services

are

free

(users

pay,

in

effect,

by

handing

over

yet

more

data).

And

the

appearance

of

new-born

giants

suggests

that

newcomers can make waves, too.

But

there

is

cause

for

concern.

The

internet

has

made

data

abundant,

all-present

and

far

more

valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from

users

to

target

advertising

better.

But

recently

it

has

discovered

that

data

can

be

turned

into

new

services: translation and visual recognition, to be sold to other companies. Internet companies? control

of

data

gives

them

enormous

power.

So

they

have

a

“God?s

eye

view”

of

activities

in

their

own

markets and beyond.

This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like

Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time, one of them would become

great again. A rethink is required

—

and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand

out.

The first is that antitrust authorities need to move from the industrial age into the 21st century.

When considering a merger(

兼并

),for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to

step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms

?

data assets(

资产

) when assessing the

impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a

new-born threat. When this takes place, especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak

of, the regulators should raise red flags.

The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and

give more to those who supply them. Companies could be forced to consumers what information they

hold and how many money they make form ments could order the sharing of certain kinds of

data, with users

?

consent.

Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy. But if governments don

?

t wants a

data economy by a few giants, they must act soon.

is there a call to break up giants?

A. They have controlled the data market

B. They collect enormous private data

C. They no longer provide free services

D. They dismissed some new-born giants

does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate?

A. Data giants? technology is very expensive

B. Google?s idea is popular among data firms

C. Data can strengthen giants? controlling position

D. Data can be turned into new services or products

paying attention to firms? data assets, antitrust reg

ulators could.

A. kill a new threat

B. avoid the size trap

C. favour bigger firms

D. charge higher prices

is the purpose of loosening the giants? control of data?

A. Big companies could relieve data security pressure.

B. Governments could relieve their financial pressure.

C. Consumers could better protect their privacy.

D. Small companies could get more opportunities.

D

Old Problem,New Approaches

While clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life,global warming will continue for some

decades after CO

2

emissions(

排放

) peak. So even if emissions were to begin decrease today,we would

第

6

页共

10

页

still

face

the

challenge

of

adapting

to

climate.

Here

I

will

stress

some

smarter

and

more

creative

examples of climate adaptation.

When it comes to adaptation,it is important to understand that climate change is a process. We

are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard,but to a constantly shifting set of conditions.

This is why in part at least,the US National Climate Assessment says that:

“

There is no

?

one-size fit all

?

adaptation.

”

Nevertheless,there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost.

Around

the

world,

people

are

adapting

in

surprising

ways,

especially

in

some

poor

countries.

Floods

have

become

more

damaging

in

Bangladesh

in

recent

decades.

Mohammed

Rezwan

saw

opportunity where others saw only disaster. His not-for-profit organization runs 100 river boats that

serve as floating libraries, schools, and health clinics, and are equipped with solar panels and other

communicating facilities. Rezwan is creating floating connectivity(

连接

) to replace flooded roads and

highways. But he is also working at a far more fundamental level: his staff show people how to make

floating gardens and fish ponds to prevent starvation during the wet season.

Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being taken. Chewang Norphel lives in a

mountainous region in India, where he is known as the Ice Man. The loss of glaciers(

冰川

) there due

to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture. Without the glaciers, water will arrive

in the rivers at times when it can damage crops. Norphel?s inspiration come from seeing the waste of

water over winter, when it was not needed. He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it

froze, and was stored until the spring. His fields of ice supply perfectly timed irrigation(

灌溉

) water.

Having created nine such ice reserves, Norphel calculates that he has stored about 200,000m

3

of water.

Climate change is a continuing process, so Norp

hel?s ice reserves will not last forever. Warming will

overtake them. But he is providing a few years during which the farmers will, perhaps, be able to find

other means of adapting.

Increasing

Earth?s

reflectiveness

c

an

cool

the

planet.

In

southern Spain

the

sudden increase

of

greenhouses (which reflect light back to space) has changed the warming trend locally, and actually

cooled the region. While Spain as a whole is heating up quickly, temperatures near the greenhouses

have decreased. This example should act as an inspiration for all cities. By painting buildings white,

cities may slow down the warming process.

In Peru, local farmers around a mountain with a glacier that has already fallen victim to climate

change have begun painting the entire mountain peak white in the hope that the added reflectiveness

will restore the life-giving ice. The outcome is still far from clear. But the World Bank has included

the project on its list of

“100 ideas to save the planet”.

More ordinary forms of adaptation are happening everywhere. A friend of mine owns an area of

land in western Victoria. Over five generations the land has been too wet for cropping. But during the

past

decade

declining

rainfall

has

allows

him

to

plant

highly

profitable

crops.

Farmers

in

many

countries are also adapting like this

—

either by growing new produce, or by growing the same things

differently.

This

is

common

sense,

but

some

suggestions

for

adapting

are

not.

When

the

polluting

industries argue that we?ve

lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt,

it?s a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual.

Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing

ways.

But

the

most

sensible

form

of

adaptation

is

surely

to

adapt

our

energy

systems

to

emit

less

carbon pollution. After all, if we adapt in the way, we may avoid the need to change in so many others.

65. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 implies .

A. adaptation is an ever-changing process

B. the cost of adaptation varies with time

C. global warming affects adaptation forms

D. adaptation to climate change is challenging

66. What is special with regard to

Rezwan?s project

?

第

7

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页

A. The project receives government support.

B. Different organizations work with each other.

C. His organization makes the best of a bad situation.

D. The project connects flooded roads and highways.

67. What did the Ice Man do to reduce the effect of global warming?

A. Storing ice for future use.

B. Protecting the glaciers from melting.

C. Changing the irrigation time.

D. Postponing the melting of the glaciers.

68. What do we learn from the Peru example?

A. White paint is usually safe for buildings.

B. The global warming tread cannot be stopped.

C. This country is heating up too quickly.

D. Sunlight reflection may relieve global warming.

69. According to the author, polluting industries should .

A. adapt to carbon pollution

B. plant highly profitable crops

C. leave carbon emission alone

D. fight against carbon pollution

70. What?s the author?s preferred solution to global warming?

A. setting up a new standard.

B. Reducing carbon emission.

C. Adapting to climate change.

D. Monitoring polluting industries.

第四部分：任 务型阅读（共

10

小题；每小题

1

分，满分

10

分）

请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一 个单词。

Population Change

Why is the world?s population growing

?The answer is not what you might reason for

the

explosion

is

not

that

people

have

been

reproducing

like

rabbits,but

that

people

have

stopped

dropping dead like 1900, people died at the average age of 2000 the average age was

while increasing health was a typical feature of the 20th century, declining birth rate could be a

defining one of the 21st.

Statistics

show

that

the

average

number

of

births

per

woman

has

fallen

from

4.9

in

the

early

1960s to 2.5 rmore,around 50% of the world?s population live in regions where the

figure is now below the replacement level(i.e.2.1 births per woman)and almost all developed nations

are experiencing sub- replacement birth rate. You might think that developing nations would make up

the

loss(especially

since80%

of

the

world?s

people

now

live

in

such

nations),but

you?d

be

ing

birth

rate

is

a

major

problem

in

many

developing

regions

too,

which

might

cause

catastrophic global shortages of work force within a few decades.

A

great

decline

in

young

work

force

is

likely

to

occur

in

China,

for

instance.

What

does

it

imply?First,China needs to undergo rapid economic development before a population decline hits the

,if

other

factors

such

as

technology

remain

constant,economic

growth

and

material

expectations will fall well below recent standards and this could invite trouble.

Russia is another country with population problems that could break its economic

1992 the number of people dying has been bigger than that of those being born by a massive 50%.

Indeed official figures suggest the country has shrunk by 5% since 1993 and people in Russia live a

shorter

life

now

than

those

in

is

this

occurring?Nobody

is

quite

sure,but

poor

diet

and

above

all

long-

time

alcoholism

have

much

to

do

with

current

trends

don?t

bend

,

Russia?s

population will be about the size of Yemen?s by the year

2050.

In

the

north

of

India,the

population

is

booming

due

to high

birth

rates,but

in

the

south,

where

most economic development is taking place,birth rate is falling a further twist,birth rate is

highest

in

poorly

educated

rural

areas

and

lowest

in

highly

educated

urban

areas.

In

total,25%

of

第

8

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10

页

India?s working

-

age population has no education. In 2030,a sixth of the country?s potential work force

could be totally uneducated.

One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via for the USA,it is almost

unique among developed nations in having a population that is expected to grow by 20% from 2010-

2030.

Moreover,the USA has a track record of successfully accepting a result it?s likely

to see a rise in the size of its working-age population and to witness strong economic growth over the

longer term.

Population Change

The birth rate in the 21st century may be much (71) _________

than it was in the 20th.

It would be difficult for developed countries to maintain the (72)

Decline of the birth rate

_________ of population.

The

impact

of

dropping

birth

rate

on

developing countries

may

not be (73) _________ but disastrous.

To guarantee its economic growth, China needs to deal with the

population

issue

properly,

as

its

workers

are

getting

(75)

_________.

The (76) __________ death of Russians may result in a shrinking

Population and (74)

_________ pressure

population,

which

would

damage

its

economic

future.

It

would

be better if it can change people

?

s way of (77) _________.

Leaving aside the birth rate issue, India

?

s economy may take off

when

the

country

achieves

(78)

_________

of

educational

opportunity.

The USA will increase, from 2010-2030, its population by 20%

American solution

through (79) _________. This will (80) _________ for the lack

of young work force.

第五部分：书面表达（满分

< br>25

分）

第

< br>9

页共

10

页

< br>

81.

< br>请认真阅读下面有关我国电影票房收入（

box-office

income

）的柱状图及相关文字，并按照

要求用英 语写一篇

150

词左右的文章。

Saturday aShopping Centre.

Li Jiang:

Hi,Su movie shall we see?

Su

Hua:

Whatever.

We?re

got

so

many

choice,

Kung

Fu

Yoga

,

Journey

to

the

West

……

.Each

sounds great!

Li Jiang:

Yeah!And some movie stars are fantastic.

Su Hua:

And the high-tech!...

Li Jiang:

Perfe ct!Let

?

s get one food only have

20 minutes left.

Su Hua:

No cinema is on the same floor.

One Day in Home.

Son:

Mum,shall we go and see a film to night?

Mother:

Why bother?We can stay at home and watch films

?

s convenient with our new

and faster network

Son:

But it feels good in a cinema.

Mother:

And the price

…

We have to pay 50 yuan a ticket

Son:

Only 10 yuan more than last year.

Mother:

But still we cannot get the money

?

s films are just boring

…

【写作内容】

1.

< br>用约

30

个单词概述柱状图信息的主要内容；