arrive典型语言现象解析

典型语言现象解析

一、抽词拆译法

1) The offices are

conveniently

located in the center of the city

.

2) The ancients tried

unsuccessfully

to explain how a rainbow is formed.

古人曾试图解释彩虹是怎样形成的，但没有成功。

3

）

The success rate of up to 90%

claimed for lie detectors

is

misleadingly

attractive.

据称， 测谎器的成功率高达

90%

，这一点颇有吸引力，但却容易将人 引入歧途。

4

）

But burning too much glucose can

dangerously

reduce the amount of glucose in the

blood.

可是，消耗过多的葡萄糖会减少血液中葡萄糖的 含量，这是很危险的。

5

）

It has been

rightly

stated that this situation is a threat to international security

.

目前的局势对国际安全造成了威胁，这一论断完全正确。

6

）

Nonlinear

equations

indicate

that

a

small

force

can

have

unpredictably

,

either

a

small or a large effect.

非线性方程表明，一个微弱的力其效果可大可小，但 究竟是大是小则无法预测。

二、分词短语作定语实例：

1. Most American cities and towns are filled with restaurants serving international

cooking.

2.

I

have

received

a

letter

from

my

old

school,

informing

me

that

my

former

headmaster

, Mr

. Stuart Page, will be retiring next week.

3.

Other

scientists

of

the

brain,

noting

that

disease

and

physical

damage

can

change personally and

distort

mentally,

believe the brain

to be nothing

more than

a

fantastically complex

computer

.

另一些大脑研究的专家注意到疾病和肢体 损伤会改变人的秉性，扭曲人的心

灵，他们相信，

（就功能而言 ）人脑相当于一台极其复杂的电脑。

W

orking harder at English

, you will make greater progress.

Feeling very tired

, she kept running.

So

he

went

to

France,

preferring

to

give

up

the

fortune

that

one

day

would

come to him

, and went to live in England.

Even

when

we

turn

off

the

bedside

lamp

and

are

fast

sleep,

electricity

is

working for

us,

driving our

refrigerators, heating our

water

, or keeping our

room

air

-conditioned.

1

三、松散句与掉尾句

松散句

loose sentence

—

end focus

(information focus)

=

end weight

掉尾句

periodic sentence

—

end focus

≠

end weight

平衡句

balanced sentence

—

no end weight or obvious information focus

A periodic sentence is one in which

the main thought is not completed

until the very end of the sentence.

(emphatic, formal;

suspense

悬 念

)

掉尾句中，上下文紧密衔接，环 环相扣，不到句末，焦点信息不显露。

Bells rang,

filling the air with their clangor

, startling pigeons into flight

.

The sole survivor of the crash was

a baby

.

And he proved, in a very human way

,

that there are people who care what happens to

their fellow men.

In many ways, the history of English words is

the history of our civilization

.

The history of English words is

the history of our civilization

in many ways

.

A virus has been sweeping the world for the past decades,

causing a disease which

has killed

millions of people and

which

looks

likely to kill

millions

more

.

The

virus

is

called

HIV,

which

damages

the

immune

system

and

causes

a

variety

of

symptoms

known

as

AIDS.

First

reported

in

1981

in

the

United

States,

AIDS

is

a

most

complicated

issue

and

has become a

major

worldwide epidemic. Despite all the

efforts

made worldwide to battle against the disease,

AIDS remains a huge global threat.

Unit

5,

Book

1,

New

Horizon

English

Nearly half of those diagnosed with the virus are blacks and Latinos. Women and youth

in

rural

southern

communities

now

constitute

the

fastest

growing

segment

of

people

with AIDS.

The owner

hands

out AIDS information to all her clients

when they enter the shop

and

shows

videos

on

AIDS

prevention

while

they

wait

for

their

hair

to

dry

.

She

also

keeps

books

and

other

publications

around

so

customers

can

read

them

while

waiting

for their appointments. It

’

s amazing how many people she has educated on the job.

As

a

result,

such

books

actually

have

more

effect

in

the

communities

where

they

are

used

than

government

publications,

which

cost

thousands

of

dollars

more

to

produce.

Whoever

wishes

to

be

made

well

acquainted

with

the

morbid

anatomy

of

governments,

whoever

wishes

to

know

how

great

states

may

be

made

feeble

and

wretched,

should study

the history of Spain

.

（

Thomas Babington Macaulay

）

2