certainly2018年大学英语六级考试真题及参考答案

六级

真题

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions

:For this part

，

you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay

on

the importance of building trust between teachers and students.

You

should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.

【参考范文】

It is universally acknowledged that trust is one of the most valuable assets for

interpersonal communication. However, it is not uncommon to have

misunderstanding and generation gap between teachers and students. with the

current trend of communication becoming necessary and indispensable in this

ever-changing modern society, building trust is of great significance.

In order to set up the credibility between teachers and students, on the one

hand, as teachers, weshould sincerely deal with the students’ problems a

nd

difficulties, comprehending their the other hand, as students, it

is necessary that more understanding and respect should begiven. Becoming

good friends to have the trans-positional consideration each other canbuilda

harmonious atmosphere.

Only in this way, would the relationship of trust between teachers and students

be established effectively. When students encounter the difficulties and

problems, they would be willing to turn to their respected teachers, whereby the

education development in our country could have a further step.

Part

Ⅱ

Listening Comprehension ( 25 minutes)

暂缺选项

Part

Ⅲ

Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes)

Section A

Directions:

In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required

to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank

following the the passage through carefully before making your

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真题

choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the

corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through

the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once

．

Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

When Elon Musk says that his new priority is using artificial intelligence to build

domestic robots, we should look forward to the day in admiration.

Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of two tech companies,

Tesla Motors and SpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to mass market and 26

humans to live on other planets. This sounds like so much hot air, but the near

$$13 billion fortune this entrepreneur has 27 comes from practical achievements

rather than hypothetical ones.

A lot of clever people are 28 about artificial intelligence, fearing that robots will

one day become so 29 that they’ll murder

all of us. These fears are mostly 30 :

as with hysteria about genetic modification, we humans are generally wise

enough to manage these problems with speed and care.

And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could, 31 ,

be like having a babysitter and a nurse rolled into one--or, if that required 32

intelligence beyond the power of Mr. Musk’s imagined machine, at least

someone to chop the carrots, wash the car and mow the lawn. Once purchased

and trained, this would allow the 33 user to save money and time, freeing up 34

space in our busy lives to read a good book.

That is why we welcome Mr. Musk’s latest 35 , and wish him well. As long as

robots add to the sum of human happiness, reduce suffering, and create time to

read world-class journalism, we should be their fans. Especially since

journalism is one job robots will never do.

A)amassed

B)casual

C)emotional

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真题

D)enabling

E)eventually

F)exaggerated

G)extravagant

H)generously

I)misleading

J)precious

K)reward

L)smart

M)sphere

N)terrified

O)venture

【参考答案】

26. D. enabling

27. A. amassed

28. ied

29. L. smart

30. F. exaggerated

31. E. eventually

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真题

32. C. emotional

33. B. casual

34. J. precious

35. O. venture

Section B

Directions:

In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements

attached to eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.

Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a

paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the

questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

In the real world, nobody cares that you went to an Ivy League school

A) As a high school junior, everything in my life revolved around getting into the

right college. I diligently attended my SAT, ACT, and Advanced Placement test

preparation courses. I juggled

（尽力应付）

cross-country and track schedules,

newspaper staff, and my church’s youth group and drama team. I didn’t drink,

party, or even do much dating. The right college, I thought, was one with

prestige, one with a name. It didn’t have to be the Ivy League, but it needed to

be “top school.”

B) Looking back now, nine years later, I can’t remember exactly what it was

about these universities that made them seem so much better. Was it a

curriculum that appeared more rigorous, perhaps? Or an alumni network that I

hoped would open doors down the line? Maybe. “I do think there are

advantages to schools with more recognition,” notes Marybeth Gasman, a

professor of higher education at the Universi

ty of Pennsylvania. “I don’t

necessarily think that’s a reason to go to one.”

C) In reflection, my firm belief in the power of the brand was naive, not to

mention a bit snobby. I quickly passed over state schools and southern schools,

believing their curriculums to be automatically inferior to northeastern or

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真题

western counterparts. Instead, I dreamed of living in New York City and my

parents obliged me with a visit to New York University’s (NYU) campus. During

the tour, tuition fees were discussed. (NYU is consistently ranked one of the

country’s most expensive schools, with room and board costs totaling upwards

of $$64,000 a year.) Up until then, I hadn’t truly realized just how expensive an

education can be. Over the next few months, I realized not only could I not

afford my dream school, I couldn’t even afford the ones where I’d been

accepted. City University of New York (CUNY), Rutgers University, and Indiana

University were out of reach as were Mississippi State and the University of

Alabama, where I would have to pay out- of-state fees. Further complicating my

college search was a flourishing stack career

—

I wanted to keep running but my

times weren’t quite fast enough to secure a scholarship.

D) And so, at 11pm on the night of Georgia State University’s (GS

U) midnight

deadline, I applied online. Rated No.466 overall on Forbes’ Lists Top Colleges,

No. 183 in Research Universities, and No. 108 in the South, I can’t say it was

my top choice. Still, the track coach had offered me a walk-on spot, and I

actually found the urban Atlanta campus a decent consolation prize after New

York City.

E) While it may have been practical, it wasn’t prestigious, But here’s the thing: I

loved my “lower

-

tier” (

低层次的

) university. (I use the term “low

-

tier” cautiously,

because GSU is a well- regarded research institution that attracts high quality

professors and faculty from all over the country.) We are taught to believe that

only by going to the best schools and getting the best grades can we escape

the rat race and build a better future. But what if lower-tier colleges and

universities were the ticket to escaping the rat race? After all, where else can

you leave school with a decent degree

—

but without a lifetime of debt?

F) My school didn’t come pre

-packaged like the more popular options, so we

were left to take care of ourselves, figuring out city life and trying to complete

degree programs that no one was championing for us to succeed in. What I’m

saying is, I loved my university because it taught us all to be resourceful and we

could make what we wanted out of it.

G) I was lucky enough to have my tuition covered by a lottery-funded

scholarship called HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally). When I

started college, the HOPE scholarship was funded by the state of Georgia and

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真题

offered to graduating high school seniors with a GPA of 3.0 or higher. Living

costs and books I paid for with money earned during high school,

supplemented by a small college fund my deceased grandfather left for me and

a modest savings account my parents created when I was born.

H) So what about all that name recognition? Sure, many of my colleagues and

competitors have more glamorous alma maters

（母校）

than I do. As a journalist,

I have competed against NYU, Columbia, and Northeastern graduates for jobs.

And yet, not a single interviewer has ever asked me about my educational

background. In fact, almost every interview I’ve ever had was due to a

connection

—one that I’ve gained through pure determination, not a school

brand.

I) According to The Boston Globe,

students who earned their bachelor’s in 2012

have an average monthly loan payment of $$312, which is one-third more than

those who graduated in 2004. Ultimately, that’s the thing universities don’t want

to admit. Private universities are money-making institutions. If you can afford to

buy prestige, that’s your choice. For the rest of us, however, our hearty

lower-tiered universities are just fine, thank you.

J) Wealthy universities talk up the benefits their name will give graduates;

namely, strong alumni networks, star faculty, and a ré

sumé

boost. But you

needn’t attend an Ivy League school to reap those rewards. Ludacris and the

former CEO of Bank of America Ken Lewis are alumni of my college, as well as

VICE’s first female editor

-in-chief, Ellis Jones. Successful people tend to be

successful no matter where they go to school. And lower-tier schools can have

alumni networks just as strong as their big name counterparts. In fact, lower-tier

school alumni networks are arguably stronger, because fellow alumni

r

ecognize that you didn’t necessarily have an easy path to follow. They might

be more willing to offer career help, because your less famous school denotes

that, like them., you are also full of energy and perseverance.

K) The Washington Post reported on a recent study by Princeton economists,

in which college graduates, who applied to the most selective schools in the

12th grade were compared to those who applied to slightly less selective

schools. They found that students with more potential earned more as adults,

and the reverse held true as well, no matter where they went to school.

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真题

L) Likewise, star faculty is not always found where you’d expect. Big name

schools are not necessarily the best places for professors; plus, many

professors split teaching time between multiple colleges and/or universities.

This means, for instance, a CUNY student could reasonably expect to receive

the same quality of instruction from a prestigious professor as they would if they

were enrolled in the same class at NYU.

M) It’s

possible that some hiring managers may be drawn to candidates with a

particular educational résumé, but it’s no guarantee. According to a 2012

survey described in The Atlantic, college reputation ranked lowest in relative

importance of attributes in evaluating graduates for hire, beaten out by top

factors like internships, employment during college, college major, volunteer

experience, and extracurriculars.

N) Maybe students who choose less prestigious universities are bound to

succeed because they are determined to. I tend to think so. In any case, if I

could do it again, I’d still make the same choice. Today I’m debt

-free,

resourceful

—and I understand that even the shiniest packaging can’t predict

what you’ll find on the inside.

36. Modest institutions can also have successful graduates and strong alumni

networks.

37. The money the author made in high school helped pay for her living

expenses and books at college.

38. The author came to see how costly college education could be when she

was trying to choose a university to attend.

39. A recent study found that a graduate’s salary is determined by their

potential, not the university they attended.

40. The author cannot recall for sure what made certain top universities appear

a lot better.

41. None of the aut

hor’s job interviewers cared which college she went to.

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真题

42. The author thinks she did the right thing in choosing a less prestigious

university.

43. In order to be admitted to a prestigious university, the author took part in

various extracurricular activities and attended test preparation courses.

44. The author liked her university which was not prestigious but less

expensive.

45. Colleges are reluctant to admit that graduates today are in heavier debt.

【参考答案】

46. [J]

题干：

Modest institutions can also have successful graduates and strong

alumni networks.

47. [G]

题干：

The money the author made in high school helped pay for her

living expenses and books at college.

48. [C]

题干：

The author came to see how costly college education could be

when she was trying to choose a university to attend.

49. [K]

题干：

A recent study found that a graduate’s salary is determined by

their potential, not the university they attended.

50. [B]

题干：

The author cannot recall for sure what made certain top

universities appear a lot better.

51. [H]

题干：

None of the author’s job interviewers cared which college she

went to.

52. [N]

题干：

The author thinks she did the right thing in choosing a less

prestigious university.

53. [A]

题干：

In order to be admitted to a prestigious university, the author took

part in various extracurricular activities and attended test preparation courses.

六级

真题

54. [E]

题干：

The author liked her university which was not prestigious but less

expensive.

55. [I]

题干：

Colleges are reluctant to admit that graduates today are in heavier

debt.

Section C

Directions:

There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by

some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four

choices marked A), B) , C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and

mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the

centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty

years ago?

In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent

report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose

by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a

useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant

problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers,

and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based

on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude

important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work

needed to earn that income.

While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article

by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new

measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably

more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth

in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy,

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真题

and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both

across countries and over time.

The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example.

Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and

France in 2005.

In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was

only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were

economically much better off than the French on average. However, that

comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and

economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so

typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably

reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like;

and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there

than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s

consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.

Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For

example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97%

of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.

The Jones-

Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over

time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the

highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare

in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has

slowed markedly.

Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic

welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle

other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated

—

for example,

decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.

46. What does the author think of the 2015 report by the Census Bureau?

A) It is based on questionable statistics.

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真题

B) It reflects the economic changes.

C) It evidences the improved welfare.

D) It provides much food for thought.

47. What does the author say about the Jones-Klenow method?

A) It is widely used to compare the economic growth across countries.

B) It revolutionizes the way of measuring ordinary people’s livelihood.

C) It focuses on people’s consumption rather that their average income.

D) It is a

more comprehensive measure of people’s economic well

-being.

48. What do Jones and Klenow think of the comparison between France and

the U.S. in terms of real consumption per person?

A) It reflected the existing big gap between the two economies.

B) It negl

ected many important indicators of people’s welfare.

C) It covered up the differences between individual citizens.

D) It failed to count in their difference in natural resources.

49. What is an advantage of the Jones-Klenow method?

A

）

It can accurately

pinpoint a country’s current economic problems.

B) It can help to raise people’s awareness of their economic well

-being.

C) It can diagnose the causes of a country’s slowing pace of economic

improvement.

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真题

D) It can compare a country’s economic conditions be

tween different periods of

time.

50. What can we infer from the passage about American people’s economic

well-being?

A) It is much better than that of their European counterparts.

B) It has been on the decline ever since the turn of the century.

C) It has not improved as much as reported by the Census Bureau.

D) It has not been accurately assessed and reported since mid-2000s.

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

暂缺。

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage

from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on

Answer Sheet 2

.

【题目】

中国目前拥有世界上最大最快的高速铁路网。高铁列车的运行速度还将继续提

升。< /p>

更多的城市将修建高铁站。

高铁大大缩短了人们出行的时间，

相对汽车而言，

高速列车的突出优势在于准时，

因为基本不受天气或交通管制的影响。

高铁极大

地改变了中 国人的生活方式。

如今，

它已经成了很多人商务旅行的首选交通 工具。

越来越多的人也在假日乘高铁外出旅游。

还有不少年轻人 选择在一个城市工作而

在临近城市居住，每天乘高铁上下班。

【参考译文】

六级

真题

Nowadays, China owns the biggest and fastest network of high speed railway

in this world and its speed will continue to be increased. More cities will build

high speed railway stations. The time spent in travel has been largely

shortened. Owing to its feature of unaffected by the weather and traffic control

basically, the outstanding advantage of high speed railway is on time compared

with airplane. It has changed the lifestyle of Chinese greatly. Now, it has been

the first choice for many businessmen in their business trips. An increasing

number of people select high speed railway as their transportation means

during their vacations. Many young people choose to work in a city but live in a

neighboring city and commute by high speed railway.

【题目】

过去，

拥有一辆私家车对大部分中国 人而言是件奢侈的事。

如今，

私家车在中国

随处可见，

汽车成了人们生活中不可或缺的一部分，

他们不 仅开车上下班，

还经

常驾车出游。

有些 城市的车增长速度过快，

以至于交通拥堵和停车位不足的问题

日 益严峻，

这些城市的市政府不得不出台新规，

限制上路汽车的数 量，

由于空气

污染日益重，

现在赵来赵 多的人选择购买新能源车，

中国政府也采取了一些措施，

支持新 能源汽车的发展。

In the past, having a private car at hand is a luxury for most

ys, private cars can be seen here and there in China.

Cars have become an indispensable part of Chinese life. They not only

drive to commute from

work but also frequently to travel. In some cities,

the growth ratio of cars is so rapid that the problems of traffic

congestion and inadequate parking lots are getting increasingly serious,

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真题

prompting the local government to issue new regulations in order to

restrict the number of cars on the road. Considering the worsening

condition of air pollution, at present a growing number of people choose

to buy alternative energy powered vehicles and China

’

s government

adopt some measures to support the development of new energy

automobile industry as well.

【六级翻译真题原文】

Directions:

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a

passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer

on

Answer Sheet 2

.

自 行车曾经是中国城乡最主要的交通工具，中国一度被称为“自行车王国”。如

今，随着城 市交通拥堵和空气污染日益严重，骑自行车又开始流行起来。近来，

中国企业家将移动互 联网技术与传统自行车结合在一起，

发明了一种称为共享单

车的 商业模式。

共享单车的出现使骑车出行更加方便，

人们仅需用一 部手机就可

以随时使用共享单车。

为了鼓励人们骑车出行，

很多城市修建了自行车道。

现在，

越来越多 的中国人也喜欢通过骑车健身。

【六级翻译参考译文】

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真题

Bicycles were once the most important vehicles in both urban and rural

areas of China. That

’

s why China was once called the

Nowadays, as the problem of urban traffic congestion and air pollution

growsincreasingly serious, bicycle riding has become popular again.

Recently, through combining mobile Internet technology with traditional

bicycles, Chinese entrepreneurs have created an industry known as

“

bicycle- sharing

”

. People can use a shared bicycle at any time with only

one mobile phone, which allows cycling more convenient. Many cities

have built bicycle lanes in order to encourage people to cycle. Now,

more and more Chinese people also like to exercise by cycling.

Section A

When Elon Musk says that his new priority is using artificial intelligence

to build domestic robots, we should look forward to the day in

admiration.

Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of two tech

companies, Tesla Motors and SpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to

mass market and

26

humans to live on other planets. This sounds like

so much hot air, but the near $$13 billion fortune this entrepreneur

has

27

comes from practical achievements rather than hypothetical

ones.

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真题

A lot of clever people are

28

about artificial intelligence, fearing that

robots will one day become so

29

that they

’

ll murder all of us.

These fears are mostly

30

: as with hysteria about genetic

modification, we humans are generally wise enough to manage these

problems with speed and care.

And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It

could,

31

, be like having a babysitter and a nurse rolled into

one--or, if that required

32

intelligence beyond the power of Mr.

Musk

’

s imagined machine, at least someone to chop the carrots, wash

the car and mow the lawn. Once purchased and trained, this would allow

the

33

user to save money and time, freeing up

34

space in our

busy lives to read a good book.

That is why we welcome Mr. Musk

’

s latest

35

, and wish him well. As

long as robots add to the sum of human happiness, reduce suffering,

and create time to read world-class journalism, we should be their fans.

Especially since journalism is one job robots will never do.

A)amassed

B)casual

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真题

C)emotional

D)enabling

E)eventually

F)exaggerated

G)extravagant

H)generously

I)misleading

J)precious

K)reward

L)smart

M)sphere

N)terrified

O)venture

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真题

26. D. enabling

解析：根据上下文语法结构 ，此处必须是动词现在分词的形式，而

misleading

意 思不对，因此选

enabling, enable somebody to do something,

意为“可

以使某人做某事”。

27. A. amassed

解析：根据上下文语法结构， 在

has

后面的这个单词，应该是动词的过去分词

形式，而

exaggerated

意思不对，因此选

amassed, amass

是“积累”之意。

28. ied

解析：本空所在句表明一些人对于机器人的态度，在逗号后面有

fearing,

表示

害怕，所以这里的意思应该和 后面的意思保持一致，所以用

terrified, be

terrified about

表示对某事有恐惧。

29. L. smart

解析：本空在

so

之后，应该填形容词，根据上下文的意思，是说一些人害怕机

< br>器人变得太聪明，所以只能选

smart.

30. F. exaggerated