值得-交朋友
2008
年
JK
罗琳哈
佛毕业典礼演讲（中英文对照）
“
2008
年
6
月
5
日是哈佛大学的
毕业典礼
，请来的
演讲嘉宾是《哈利波
特》
的作者
J.K
.
罗琳女士。她的演讲题目是
《失败的好处和想象的重要性》<
/p>
（
The
Fringe
Benefits
of
Failure,
and
the
Importance
of
Ima
ginatio
n
）。我读了一遍讲稿，觉得很好，很感染人。
她几乎没有谈到哈里波特，而是说了年轻时的一些经历。虽然
J·
K·
罗琳现在很有钱，是英国仅次
于女皇的最富有的女人，但是她曾经有一
段非常艰辛的日子，
3
0
岁了，还差点流落街头。她主要谈的是，自己从
这段经历中学
到的东西。
”
以下是英文文稿和中文翻译：
Text
as
delivered
follows.
Copyright
of
JK
Rowling,
June
2008
President
Faust,
members
of
the
Harvard
Corporation
and
the
Board
of
Overseers,
members
of
the
faculty,
proud
parent
s,
and,
above
all,
graduates.
The
first
thing
I
would
like
to
say
is
?thank
you.?
Not
only
has
Harvard
given
me
an
extraordinary
honour,
but
the
week
s
of
fear
and
nausea
I
have
endured
at
the
thought
of
giving
this
commencement
address
have
made
me
lose
weight.
A
win-win
situation!
Now
all
I
have
to
do
is
take
deep
breaths,
squint
at
the
red
banners
and
convince
myself
that
I
am
at
t
he
world?s
largest
Gryffindor
reunion.
Delivering
a
commencement
address
is
a
great
responsibil
ity;
or
so
I
thought
until
I
cast
my
mind
back
to
my
own
gra
duation.
The
commencement
speaker
that
day
was
the
disting
uished
British
philosopher
Baroness
Mary
Warnock.
Reflecting
on
her
speech
has
helped
me
enormously
in
writing
this
on
e,
because
it
turns
out
that
I
can?t
remember
a
single
word
s
he
said.
This
liberating
discovery
enables
me
to
proceed
with
out
any
fear
that
I
might
inadvertently
influence
you
to
aband
on
promising
careers
in
business,
the
law
or
politics
for
the
giddy
delights
of
becoming
a
gay
wizard.
You
see?
If
all
you
remember
in
years
to
come
is
the
?ga
y
wizard?
joke,
I?ve
come
out
ahead
of
Baroness
Mary
Warnoc
k.
Achievable
goals:
the
first
step
to
self
improvement.
Actually,
I
have
wracked
my
mind
and
heart
for
what
I
ou
ght
to
say
to
you
today.
I
have
asked
myself
what
I
wish
I
h
ad
known
at
my
own
graduation,
and
what
important
lessons
I
have
learned
in
the
21
years
that
have
expired
between
tha
t
day
and
this.
I
have
come
up
with
two
answers.
On
this
wonderful
day
when
we
are
gathered
together
to
celebrate
your
academic
su
ccess,
I
have
decided
to
talk
to
you
about
the
benefits
of
fail
ure.
And
as
you
stand
on
the
threshold
of
what
is
sometimes
called
?real
life?,
I
want
to
extol
the
crucial
importance
of
im
agination.
These
may
seem
quixotic
or
paradoxical
choices,
but
plea
se
bear
with
me.
Looking
back
at
the
21-year-old
that
I
was
at
graduation,
i
s
a
slightly
uncomfortable
experience
for
the
42-year-old
that
she
has
become.
Half
my
lifetime
ago,
I
was
striking
an
unea
sy
balance
between
the
ambition
I
had
for
myself,
and
what
t
hose
closest
to
me
expected
of
me.
I
was
convinced
that
the
only
thing
I
wanted
to
do,
ever,
was
to
write
novels.
However,
my
parents,
both
of
whom
cam
e
from
impoverished
backgrounds
and
neither
of
whom
had
b
een
to
college,
took
the
view
that
my
overactive
imagination
was
an
amusing
personal
quirk
that
would
never
pay
a
mortg
age,
or
secure
a
pension.
I
know
that
the
irony
strikes
with
t
he
force
of
a
cartoon
anvil,
now.
So
they
hoped
that
I
would
take
a
vocational
degree;
I
wa
nted
to
study
English
Literature.
A
compromise
was
reached
t
hat
in
retrospect
satisfied
nobody,
and
I
went
up
to
study
Mo
dern
Languages.
Hardly
had
my
parents?
car
rounded
the
cor
ner
at
the
end
of
the
road
than
I
ditched
German
and
scuttle
d
off
down
the
Classics
corridor.
I
cannot
remember
telling
my
parents
that
I
was
studying
Classics;
they
might
well
have
found
out
for
the
first
time
on
graduation
day.
Of
all
the
subjects
on
this
planet,
I
think
the
y
would
have
been
hard
put
to
name
one
less
useful
than
Gr
eek
mythology
when
it
came
to
securing
the
keys
to
an
exec
utive
bathroom.
I
would
like
to
make
it
clear,
in
parenthesis,
that
I
do
not
blame
my
parents
for
their
point
of
view.
There
is
an
expiry
date
on
blaming
your
parents
for
steering
you
in
the
wrong
d
irection;
the
moment
you
are
old
enough
to
take
the
wheel,
r
esponsibility
lies
with
you.
What
is
more,
I
cannot
criticise
m
y
parents
for
hoping
that
I
would
never
experience
poverty.
T
hey
had
been
poor
themselves,
and
I
have
since
been
poor,
and
I
quite
agree
with
them
that
it
is
not
an
ennobling
experi
ence.
Poverty
entails
fear,
and
stress,
and
sometimes
depress
ion;
it
means
a
thousand
petty
humiliations
and
hardships.
Cl
imbing
out
of
poverty
by
your
own
efforts,
that
is
indeed
so
mething
on
which
to
pride
yourself,
but
poverty
itself
is
roma
nticised
only
by
fools.
What
I
feared
most
for
myself
at
your
age
was
not
povert
y,
but
failure.
At
your
age,
in
spite
of
a
distinct
lack
of
motivation
at
un
iversity,
where
I
had
spent
far
too
long
in
the
coffee
bar
writi
ng
stories,
and
far
too
little
time
at
lectures,
I
had
a
knack
fo
r
passing
examinations,
and
that,
for
years,
had
been
the
me
asure
of
success
in
my
life
and
that
of
my
peers.
I
am
not
dull
enough
to
suppose
that
because
you
are
yo
ung,
gifted
and
well-educated,
you
have
never
known
hardshi
p
or
heartbreak.
Talent
and
intelligence
never
yet
inoculated
a
nyone
against
the
caprice
of
the
Fates,
and
I
do
not
for
a
m
oment
suppose
that
everyone
here
has
enjoyed
an
existence
of
unruffled
privilege
and
contentment.
However,
the
fact
that
you
are
graduating
from
Harvard
su
ggests
that
you
are
not
very
well-
acquainted
with
failure.
You
might
be
driven
by
a
fear
of
failure
quite
as
much
as
a
desi
re
for
success.
Indeed,
your
conception
of
failure
might
not
b
e
too
far
from
the
average
person?s
idea
of
success,
so
high
have
you
already
flown.
Ultimately,
we
all
have
to
decide
for
ourselves
what
consti
tutes
failure,
but
the
world
is
quite
eager
to
give
you
a
set
of
criteria
if
you
let
it.
So
I
think
it
fair
to
say
that
by
any
con
ventional
measure,
a
mere
seven
years
after
my
graduation
d
ay,
I
had
failed
on
an
epic
scale.
An
exceptionally
short-lived
marriage
had
imploded,
and
I
was
jobless,
a
lone
parent,
an
d
as
poor
as
it
is
possible
to
be
in
modern
Britain,
without
b
eing
homeless.
The
fears
that
my
parents
had
had
for
me,
an
d
that
I
had
had
for
myself,
had
both
come
to
pass,
and
by
every
usual
standard,
I
was
the
biggest
failure
I
knew.
Now,
I
am
not
going
to
stand
here
and
tell
you
that
failur
e
is
fun.
That
period
of
my
life
was
a
dark
one,
and
I
had
no
idea
that
there
was
going
to
be
what
the
press
has
since
re
presented
as
a
kind
of
fairy
tale
resolution.
I
had
no
idea
the
n
how
far
the
tunnel
extended,
and
for
a
long
time,
any
light
at
the
end
of
it
was
a
hope
rather
than
a
reality.
So
why
do
I
talk
about
the
benefits
of
failure?
Simply
bec
ause
failure
meant
a
stripping
away
of
the
inessential.
I
stopp
ed
pretending
to
myself
that
I
was
anything
other
than
what
I
was,
and
began
to
direct
all
my
energy
into
finishing
the
onl
y
work
that
mattered
to
me.
Had
I
really
succeeded
at
anythi
ng
else,
I
might
never
have
found
the
determination
to
succe
ed
in
the
one
arena
I
believed
I
truly
belonged.
I
was
set
free,
because
my
greatest
fear
had
been
realised,
and
I
was
still
alive,
and
I
still
had
a
daughter
whom
I
adored,
and
I
had
an
old
typewriter
and
a
big
idea.
And
so
rock
bottom
became
t
he
solid
foundation
on
which
I
rebuilt
my
life.
You
might
never
fail
on
the
scale
I
did,
but
some
failure
i
n
life
is
inevitable.
It
is
impossible
to
live
without
failing
at
s
omething,
unless
you
live
so
cautiously
that
you
might
as
we
ll
not
have
lived
at
all
–
in
which
case,
you
fail
by
default.
Failure
gave
me
an
inner
security
that
I
had
never
attaine
d
by
passing
examinations.
Failure
taught
me
things
about
m
yself
that
I
could
have
learned
no
other
way.
I
discovered
tha
t
I
had
a
strong
will,
and
more
discipline
than
I
had
suspecte
d;
I
also
found
out
that
I
had
friends
whose
value
was
truly
above
the
price
of
rubies.
The
knowledge
that
you
have
emerged
wiser
and
stronger
from
setbacks
means
that
you
are,
ever
after,
secure
in
your
ability
to
survive.
You
will
never
truly
know
yourself,
or
the
strength
of
your
relationships,
until
both
have
been
tested
by
adversity.
Such
knowledge
is
a
true
gift,
for
all
that
it
is
pai
nfully
won,
and
it
has
been
worth
more
than
any
qualification
I
ever
earned.
So
given
a
Time
Turner,
I
would
tell
my
21-year-
old
self
t
hat
personal
happiness
lies
in
knowing
that
life
is
not
a
chec
k-list
of
acquisition
or
achievement.
Your
qualifications,
your
CV,
are
not
your
life,
though
you
will
meet
many
people
of
m
y
age
and
older
who
confuse
the
two.
Life
is
difficult,
and
co
mplica
ted,
and
beyond
anyone?s
total
control,
and
the
humilit
y
to
know
that
will
enable
you
to
survive
its
vicissitudes.
Now
you
might
think
that
I
chose
my
second
theme,
the
i
mportance
of
imagination,
because
of
the
part
it
played
in
re
building
my
life,
but
that
is
not
wholly
so.
Though
I
personall
y
will
defend
the
value
of
bedtime
stories
to
my
last
gasp,
I
have
learned
to
value
imagination
in
a
much
broader
sense.
I
magination
is
not
only
the
uniquely
human
capacity
to
envisi
on
that
which
is
not,
and
therefore
the
fount
of
all
invention
and
innovation.
In
its
arguably
most
transformative
and
revela
tory
capacity,
it
is
the
power
that
enables
us
to
empathise
wi
th
humans
whose
experiences
we
have
never
shared.
One
of
the
greatest
formative
experiences
of
my
life
prece
ded
Harry
Potter,
though
it
informed
much
of
what
I
subsequ
ently
wrote
in
those
books.
This
revelation
came
in
the
form
of
one
of
my
earliest
day
jobs.
Though
I
was
sloping
off
to
write
stories
during
my
lunch
hours,
I
paid
the
rent
in
my
ear
ly
20s
by
working
at
the
African
research
department
at
Amn
esty
International?s
headquarters
in
London.
There
in
my
little
office
I
read
hastily
scribbled
letters
sm
uggled
out
of
totalitarian
regimes
by
men
and
women
who
w
ere
risking
imprisonment
to
inform
the
outside
world
of
what
was
happening
to
them.
I
saw
photographs
of
those
who
had
disappeared
without
trace,
sent
to
Amnesty
by
their
desperat
e
families
and
friends.
I
read
the
testimony
of
torture
victims
and
saw
pictures
of
their
injuries.
I
opened
handwritten,
eye-
witness
accounts
of
summary
trials
and
executions,
of
kidnap
pings
and
rapes.
Many
of
my
co-workers
were
ex-political
prisoners,
people
who
had
been
displaced
from
their
homes,
or
fled
into
exile,
because
they
had
the
temerity
to
speak
against
their
govern
ments.
Visitors
to
our
offices
included
those
who
had
come
t
o
give
information,
or
to
try
and
find
out
what
had
happened
to
those
they
had
left
behind.
I
shall
never
forget
the
African
torture
victim,
a
young
ma
n
no
older
than
I
was
at
the
time,
who
had
become
mentally
ill
after
all
he
had
endured
in
his
homeland.
He
trembled
unc
ontrollably
as
he
spoke
into
a
video
camera
about
the
brutalit
y
inflicted
upon
him.
He
was
a
foot
taller
than
I
was,
and
see
med
as
fragile
as
a
child.
I
was
given
the
job
of
escorting
hi
m
back
to
the
Underground
Station
afterwards,
and
this
man
whose
life
had
been
shattered
by
cruelty
took
my
hand
with
exquisite
courtesy,
and
wished
me
future
happiness.
And
as
long
as
I
live
I
shall
remember
walking
along
an
e
mpty
corridor
and
suddenly
hearing,
from
behind
a
closed
do
or,
a
scream
of
pain
and
horror
such
as
I
have
never
heard
since.
The
door
opened,
and
the
researcher
poked
out
her
he
ad
and
told
me
to
run
and
make
a
hot
drink
for
the
young
m
an
sitting
with
her.
She
had
just
had
to
give
him
the
news
th
at
in
retaliation
for
his
own
outspokenness
against
his
countr
y?s
regime,
his
mother
had
been
seized
and
executed.
Every
day
of
my
working
week
in
my
early
20s
I
was
rem
inded
how
incredibly
fortunate
I
was,
to
live
in
a
country
with
a
democratically
elected
government,
where
legal
representati
on
and
a
public
trial
were
the
rights
of
everyone.
Every
day,
I
saw
more
evidence
about
the
evils
humankin
d
will
inflict
on
their
fellow
humans,
to
gain
or
maintain
powe
r.
I
began
to
have
nightmares,
literal
nightmares,
about
some
of
the
things
I
saw,
heard,
and
read.
And
yet
I
also
learned
more
about
human
goodness
at
A
mnesty
International
than
I
had
ever
known
before.
Amnesty
mobilises
thousands
of
people
who
have
never
b
een
tortured
or
imprisoned
for
their
beliefs
to
act
on
behalf
o
f
those
who
have.
The
power
of
human
empathy,
leading
to
c
ollective
action,
saves
lives,
and
frees
prisoners.
Ordinary
peo
ple,
whose
personal
well-being
and
security
are
assured,
join
together
in
huge
numbers
to
save
people
they
do
not
know,
and
will
never
meet.
My
small
participation
in
that
process
w
as
one
of
the
most
humbling
and
inspiring
experiences
of
my
life.
Unlike
any
other
creature
on
this
planet,
humans
can
lear
n
and
understand,
without
having
experienced.
They
can
think
themselves
into
other
people?s
places.
Of
course,
this
is
a
power,
like
my
brand
of
fictional
magi
c,
that
is
morally
neutral.
One
might
use
such
an
ability
to
m
anipulate,
or
control,
just
as
much
as
to
understand
or
symp
athise.
And
many
prefer
not
to
exercise
their
imaginations
at
all.
They
choose
to
remain
comfortably
within
the
bounds
of
their
own
experience,
never
troubling
to
wonder
how
it
would
feel
to
have
been
born
other
than
they
are.
They
can
refuse
to
h
ear
screams
or
to
peer
inside
cages;
they
can
close
their
min
ds
and
hearts
to
any
suffering
that
does
not
touch
them
pers
onally;
they
can
refuse
to
know.
I
might
be
tempted
to
envy
people
who
can
live
that
way,
except
that
I
do
not
think
they
have
any
fewer
nightmares
th
an
I
do.
Choosing
to
live
in
narrow
spaces
leads
to
a
form
o
f
mental
agoraphobia,
and
that
brings
its
own
terrors.
I
think
the
wilfully
unimaginative
see
more
monsters.
They
are
often
more
afraid.
What
is
more,
those
who
choose
not
to
empathise
enable
real
monsters.
For
without
ever
committing
an
act
of
outrigh
t
evil
ourselves,
we
collude
with
it,
through
our
own
apathy.
One
of
the
many
things
I
learned
at
the
end
of
that
Class
ics
corridor
down
which
I
ventured
at
the
age
of
18,
in
searc
h
of
something
I
could
not
then
define,
was
this,
written
by
t
he
Greek
author
Plutarch:
What
we
achieve
inwardly
will
chan
ge
outer
reality.
That
is
an
astonishing
statement
and
yet
proven
a
thousa
nd
times
every
day
of
our
lives.
It
expresses,
in
part,
our
ine
scapable
connection
with
the
outside
world,
the
fact
that
we
t
ouch
other
people?s
lives
simply
by
existing.
But
how
much
more
are
you,
Harvard
graduates
of
2008,
l
ikely
to
touch
other
people?s
lives?
Your
intelligence,
your
ca
pacity
for
hard
work,
the
education
you
have
earned
and
rece
ived,
give
you
unique
status,
and
unique
responsibilities.
Eve
n
your
nationality
sets
you
apart.
The
great
majority
of
you
b
elong
to
the
world?s
only
remaining
superpower.
The
way
you
vote,
the
way
you
live,
the
way
you
protest,
the
pressure
yo
u
bring
to
bear
on
your
government,
has
an
impact
way
beyo
nd
your
borders.
That
is
your
privilege,
and
your
burden.
If
you
choose
to
use
your
status
and
influence
to
raise
y
our
voice
on
behalf
of
those
who
have
no
voice;
if
you
choo
se
to
identify
not
only
with
the
powerful,
but
with
the
powerl
ess;
if
you
retain
the
ability
to
imagine
yourself
into
the
lives
of
those
who
do
not
have
your
advantages,
then
it
will
not
only
be
your
proud
families
who
celebrate
your
existence,
but
thousands
and
millions
of
people
whose
reality
you
have
hel
ped
change.
We
do
not
need
magic
to
change
the
world,
we
carry
all
the
power
we
need
inside
ourselves
already:
we
hav
e
the
power
to
imagine
better.
I
am
nearly
finished.
I
have
one
last
hope
for
you,
which
is
something
that
I
already
had
at
21.
The
friends
with
whom
I
sat
on
graduation
day
have
been
my
friends
for
life.
They
are
my
children?s
godparents,
the
people
to
whom
I?ve
been
able
to
turn
in
times
of
trouble,
people
who
have
been
kind
e
nough
not
to
sue
me
when
I
took
their
names
for
Death
Eate
rs.
At
our
graduation
we
were
bound
by
enormous
affection,
by
our
shared
experience
of
a
time
that
could
never
come
ag
ain,
and,
of
course,
by
the
knowledge
that
we
held
certain
ph
otographic
evidence
that
would
be
exceptionally
valuable
if
an
y
of
us
ran
for
Prime
Minister.
So
today,
I
wish
you
nothing
better
than
similar
friendship
s.
And
tomorrow,
I
hope
that
even
if
you
remember
not
a
sin
gle
word
of
mine,
you
remember
those
of
Seneca,
another
of
those
old
Romans
I
met
when
I
fled
down
the
Classics
corri
dor,
in
retreat
from
career
ladders,
in
search
of
ancient
wisdo
m:
As
is
a
tale,
so
is
life:
not
how
long
it
is,
but
how
good
i
t
is,
is
what
matters.
I
wish
you
all
very
good
lives.
Thank
you
very
much.
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