trot-mako
英文合同常用词、短语和句型
1.
订立、变更合同
动词
Make a contract / Enter into / form / create /
conclude / execute /covenant
名词
the making of / the conclusion of a contract /
the
entry
into
contract /
the
formation
of
/
the creation
of
/
the
conclusion of / the
execution of a contract / covenant
This agreement/contract is made and
entered into 8th of August,
2008 by and
between Party A and Party B.
2.
合同的终止、解除、撤销
terminate a contract
通常指合同在约定期满前终止履行,可双方同意而作出,也指一方因另
一方
违约而行使的一种救济权。美国“终止”指合同各方未违反合同约
定而依法终止合同。<
/p>
cancel a
contact
因另一方违约而解除合同,
其效力基本等同
于
terminate
,
不同是撤销方
仍有权对整个合同或中未履行部分主张救济。
discharge a contract
合同当事人的合同关系已终止。
rescind a contract
免除当事人之间的合同义务,将当事人各自
地位恢复到合同订立之前状
态。
revoke a contract
即以取消或撤回的方式废止或宣布无效。出于
行为人的意愿,即主动发
出的行为。
合同中常用词及句型
常用
p>
虚词
shall, notwithstanding, as,
foregoing, aforesaid, the said,
aforementioned,
above
mentioned,
according
to,
under,
subject
to,
in
accordance with, as per, as provided in, pursuant,
under or in
accordance with the
agreement, as provided herein, as provided in
hereof,
include
but
not
limited
to,
with
prejudice,
whereas,
hereof,
hereto,
herein,
hereby,
hereinafter,
hereunder,
thereof,
forthwith,
the
following,
as
follows,
as
of
the
date
of,
hereunder.
1.1shall
应该,必须。有时也可用
will
,但力度比较弱
p>
should
在法律文件里往往用作
“
if
”
表示如果之意
1.2Notwithsanding=in spite of, despite.
放句首
1.3as
1.3.1. as
the
case
may
be
(
视情况而定
)
,
as
the
case
may
require(
视
具体要求而定
)
1.3.2. as +
provide/stipluate,set forth, prescribe
表“依照什么
规定”
As provided
短语含义相当于
in accordance with
The
venture
may
relocate
its
office
from
time
to
time
as
the
Venturers may require.
1.3.3 such
??
as
?构成极具代表性的表达
such date as a
resonable
in the circumstances
(as
这里可以换成
that).
1.4
foregoing,
aforesaid,
the
said,
aforementioned,
abovementioned.
一般放在名词之前做限定,
意思相同,都做“上述的”
或“前述的”讲。合同中只要重复第一次提到的姓名或名称,
即可将上
述词放在合同内名词之前。
如果想用动词短语表达,<
/p>
可将
mentioned
above
放在名词先行词后。
要限定或重复某事,也可用
Something in
question
表达
1.5
依照什么规定
According
to (
最少用
), under, subject to,
in accordance with, as
per, as provided
in, prusuant to, under or in accordance with the
agreement, as provided herein.
Pursuant
to
Article
8
of
the
contract=pursuant
to
Article
8
hereof.
具体条款放在
con
tract
前不用
of
连接;也可用<
/p>
hereof, thereof
直接
放
在具体条款之后
.
1.6 including but
not limited to, including, without
limitation
以及
including by way
of illustration but not limitation.
“包括
但不限于”
1.7 prior to, no later than, on or
before.
“在
**
日前,提前
多少
日”
1.8 as
follows, as below, the following.
“下列”
NOW
THEREFORE,
the
parties
hereby
covenant
and
agree
as
follows/as bellow.
1.9
without prejudice to, with prejudice.
“在不损害什么的规定
/
2
情况下,不使受损害”
“和有损,
有偏见”
1.10
hereof,
hereto,
hereunto,
herein,
hereby,
hereinafter,
hereinbefore, hereunder, thereof,
whereby
Here
指该合同或协议
There
指另一合同或协议
1.11 attributable to, by virture of, on
account of
(
相当于普
通英语中
due to,
because of)
1.12 in lieu of.
“替代”相当于普通英语中的
instead of.
1.13
hereinafter
referred
to
as,
hereinafter
called,
herein
referred to as.
“以下简称”
1.14
unless otherwise
一半后面紧跟动词,除非另?(比“
if
not
”
“
otherwise
”正式)
Unless otherwise specified in the
contract/ L/C
除非另有规定
unless otherwise expressly agreed by
除非另有约定
1.15 in
respect of
关于
,
比
about, concerning, as
regards
正式
in
respect thereof
表示上文已提及的事项时使用
1.16 in the event that, in the event of
如果?发生,比
when
更正
式
1.17 provided
that:
但规定,规定;但是。常用于合同的某一条款需
要
做进步一规定时,或作规定时语气上表示转折。中译英时候注意。
1.18 be deemed:
比
be believed, be
considered
正式
1.19 in question, under consideration,
being talked about.
该,
这
The matters in question
该事项
1.20 in
case, the (the)case of:
如果,含“一旦、万一”之意。
1.21
be
liable
for
sth,
be
liable
to
sb,
be
responsible
in
accordance with law.
对某事人负有责任
1.22
know all men by these
presents
根据本文件,特此宣布
;
undersigned
法律文件签署者,前面加
th
e
,是指文件签署者的自称
Now
Therefore
特此,因此。一般接
whereas
p>
之后,为引出具体协议事
项的常用开头词,并与其后的
hereby
连用,可译成“兹”
“特此”
2
常用的实义词
2.1provide, stipulate, prescribe,
discribed, set forth.
表示“规
定”
名词分别为
provision, stipulation,
prescription
2.2represent,
warrant,
undertake,
guarantee
“保证”
。
Represent
p>
和
warrant
连用,出现在合同中声明
和保障部分。
3
Party A hereby represents and warrants
to party B that.
甲方向
乙方声明并保证。
2.3principle place of business,
domicile, business premise
“主
营业地”
“住所”
“营业场所”
2.4annex/annexes,
appendix/appendices,
schedule/schedules,
addendum/addenda.
“附件”其中
annex
还有“吞并、合并”的意思。
2.5chapter, article, section, clause,
paragraph, subparagraph.
章
chapter,
条
article/(section/clause
美国合同
),
款
paragraph,
项
subparagrahp
2.6
有权做
shall/will have the right to do;
(
可用
may
do
代替
)
be
entitled to do (
可用
may
do
代替
)
reserve
the right to
do
—专指“保留行使做什么的权利”
be (duly) authorised to do / have the
authority to do
经授权
have the authority to do
do
sth. At one’s opti
on
be at
liberty to do
—指由行为人自主决定做什么
2.7
有责任有义务做
Have the legal obligationto do
Be obliged to
Shall do
Be under the obligation to do
Shall be liable to do.
2.8effect
合同英语中一般指“实现”
“完成”
2.9couterpart, copy, duplicate,
original
一式三份
is made in 3
origianls/ couterpart,/copy/duplicate
2.10incur
“招致”相当于普通英语中
cause
2.11to-wit
法律专用于,
意
思等于中文的
“即”
,
同普通英语中的
that
is
to
day(i.e)
2.12sanction
(很少用)<
/p>
, approval
批准
2.13do
sth.
In
its
entirety
“全部,整个做什么”
do
sth.
Totally,
do
sth as a whole.
2.14Mortgage
相当于我国法律中的“抵押”
Lien
相当于“留置”
Security
相当于“担保、保证”
a
secuired land
一块设定担保的土地,
a
secuired money
保证还款
4
Charege
;指给土地等财产设定的保证付款的债权
Pledge:
保证;为支付由转移人发生的债务将动产转移
,作为担保的方
式;承典人对所收典物享有的权利(典权)
Encumbrance
指给财产设定的债券,例如租赁、抵押
、限制性契约、收取
房租等。
2.15
尽力做某事
Use all resonable
endeavors to do; use one’
s best
efforts.
style=
center
合
同
用
语
2
style=
合同中常用句型
p>
1.1
“如果”
“假如’
< br>
If and whenever
In the event of
/that(
从句中的谓语可用一般现在时
)
和
in case
“如果”
“在什么情形下”
Where
Should
从句—只有假设的是违背当事人意志的不利情况时候采用到
Provided (that) /providing (
that)
,
On the conditions that
均
表示实现某结果的前提条件,一般用于句末
< br>
In
so
far
as
(insofar
as)
p>
“只要”
“如若”替代普通英语中的
as
long
as
1.2
何物仍归谁所有或何物所有权归谁
sth is
(shall remain) the
property of sb.
1.3
“除外条款”
“但书”在合同中成为
‘
saving
clause
”
表现句型一般有
save
that
句型和
save as
句型两种,表示“?除外”
1.4
“一??就??”
upon
?
..
一般不用
ASAP
1.5
除非另有规定
unless
otherwise stipulated/required/stated,
except as otherwise
provided
两种基本句型
1.6 so agreed
So agreed,
this____th day of (month), 2001
另一种表达方式为:
Inwitness whereof,
the parties set their hands and seals hereunto
as of the date hereinabove mentioned.
2.
合同的五个部分的例句与用词
2.1
协议当事人
parties<
/p>
、
叙述
recital
< br>、
正文
habendum
、
p>
附录
schedule
、
< br>证明
attestation.
叙述部分由
WHERERAS
加双方愿望等订立合同的基础。
5
开头句式
2.1.1 this
agreement is made the___ th day of __ between___,
a
company incorporated in____(country)
and having its registered
office/pricipal
place
of
business/head
office
at___(domicile)
(hereinafter called “ XX company) of
the one party and __(ID
No.:____)
of
__(
domicile)
(hereinafter
called
“YY
Manager”)
of
the other party
2.1.2
An
agreement
for
service
made
the
1st
day
of
sep,2008
between__of__(add)
(hereinafter
referred
to
as
XX
company)
as
one
part
and
Mr.
__of
___(add)(hereinafter
referred
to
as
the
contractor ) of the
other part.
2.1.3
This
contract
is
made
by
and
entered
into
on
March
1st,
2008,
by
and
between____LTD.(hereinafter
referred
to
as
“
PARTY
A
”
)
and
__LTD.
(
hereinafter referred to as
PARTY B
)
.
2.2
协议正文的表达有主动和被动两种谓语经常用
agree
或
agree
加
coven
ant
包括下列表达:
2.2.1
NOW IT IS HEREBY AGREED as follows:
2.2.2 NOW THEREFORE, it is hereby
agreed as follows:
2.2.3 WHEREBY IT IS
AGREED AND DECLARED as follows:
2.2.4
NOW
,
THEREFORE,
in
consideration
of
the
mutual
promies
and
covenants herein contained, the parties
hereto agree as follows:
2.2.5
For
and
in
consideration
of
the
mutual
covenants
and
promises
herein
contained,
the
Parties
herein
agree
to
consitute
themselves
as joint venturers, henceforth, “
venturers” for the purposes
before
mentioned.
2.2.6
NOW
THEREFORE,
the
parties
herby
covenant
and
agree
as
follows:
2.27 It is u
nderstood and
expressively agreed that?
2
.3
证明部分“双方签字盖章,特此为证”
IN WITNESS WHEREOF / IN TESTIMONY WHERE
OF+
主动语态句型或被动语
态句型
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto
have set their hands the
day and the
year first above written.
IN
WITNESS
WHEREOF,
both
parties
set
their
hands
on
the
date
herein
has been executed effective as of the
date first above written
IN WITNESS
WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this
agreement
6
to
be executed by their respective duly officers as
of the date
first hereinabovewritten.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF this deed has been
entered into on the date
stated at the
beginning
IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, we
have hereunto signed and sealed this
contract on the day and year first
written above.
3.
合同一般条款的例句与用词
3.1
定义。定义的句型常用:
Shall refer to
Means
Shall mean
Shall be
constructed as
3.2
通知特快专递常用
express courier,
express delivery service.
等词加前置
by
或
via
表达,文中一般要用
shall
表示送达方的义务
3.3
保险条款
under
term of CIF, by the buyers, against
3.4
保证赔偿方面一般会用到
shall indemnify
and hold sb harmless
of/from/for
短语
Company
shall
indimnify
and
hold
sales
representitive
harmless
of
and
from
any
and
all
libility
attributable
soley
to
the
negligent,
intentional or
other acts of company or its employees.
公司应赔偿因其公司或某职员的单方过失、故意或其他行为而致的所有
责任,并保证
销售代表免于承担上述责任。
3.5
争议的解决
All
disputes arising in connection with this contract
or in the
execution
thereof
should
be
settled
amicably
through
negotiations.
In case no
settlement can be reached, the case in dispute
shall
then
be
submitted
for
arbitration
in__.
The
abitration
award
shall
be
accepted as final and binding upon both parties.
Any
controversy
or
claim
aring
out
of
or
related
to
this
agreement,
or
the
breach
thereof,
shall
be
settled
by
arbitration
in
accordance
with
the
commercial
arbitration
rules
of
the
Arbitration
association,
and
judgement
upon
the
award
rendered
by
the
arbitratior(s)
may
be
entered
in
any
court
having
juurisdication thereof.
3.6
争议的法律适用方面
governing law
This
agreement
is
governed
by
and
shall
be
constructed
in
7
accordance with the laws
of the PRC.
3.7
文字效力方面
This
contract is made in two originals in english, both
being
equally valid and authentic.
3.8
股权转让
transfer
of
equity
interests/shares.
文中多用
shall,
may
not, shall not
等义务性或禁止性规定。
The bags shall be sound and suitable
for ocean transportation
Wittent
consent
书面同意
Bear
all costs
承担费用
Bebound unto In the sum of
Save as
除了??之外。
In witness
Be liable for
Standby letters of
credit
备用信用证
Forth with
立刻,不犹豫
In conformity with
Dead
freight
空仓费
Demurrage
滞港费
本
文
转
自
-
山
东
人
在
北
京
客
城
-
:
/?ThreadID=30145
引子<
/p>
:
鉴于现在对外交流事例逐渐增多
,
p>
英文合同特别是经济合同的翻译
愈显重要
,
若译文不准确或不严谨
,
势必会引起不
必要的经济纠纷
.
故今
以一英文
(
经济
)
合同写作书
籍为蓝本
,
录入一些有益文字
,
希望大家共同
提高英文
(
经济
)
合同的翻译和写作。
合同文件是合同双方签订并必须遵守的法律文件
,
因此合同中的语言应
体现其权威性
.
英文合同用语的特点之一就表现在用词上
,
即选择那些法
律用词
,
以及正式用词
,
使合同表达的意思准确无误
,
达到双方对合同中
使用的词无可争议的程度。
一
.hereby
8
英文释义
:by means of , by reason
of this
中文译词
:
特此
p>
,
因此
,
兹
用法
:
常用于法律
文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语;在条款中需
要强调时也可用。
语法:一般置于主语后
,
紧
邻主语
.
例
1
:
The
Employer
hereby
covenants
to
pay
the
Contractor
in
consideration
of
the
execution
and
completion
of
the
Works
and
the
remedying of defects therein the
Contract Price or such other sum
as may
become payable under the provisions of the
Contract at the
time and in the manner
prescribed by the Contract.
参考译文
:
业主特此立约保证在合同
规定的期限内
,
按合同规定的方式向承包人支
< br>付合同价
,
或合同规定的其它应支付的款项
,
以作为本工程施工、竣工及
修补工程中缺陷的报酬
。
注释
:
(1)hereby: by reason of this
特此
(2)covenant:
v. make a formal agreement
立约
,
签订合同、条约
; n.
legal
agreement
具有法律约束的正式合同
(3)completion of the Works:
工程的竣工
(4)therein:
in the Works
在本工程中
(5)the Contract Price:
合同总价<
/p>
,
指工程的总造价
(6)such...as:
关系代词
,
相当于
that, which
(7)under: in accordance with
根据
,
按照
(8)the provisions of the Contract:
terms and conditions of the
Contract
合同条款
例
2
:
We hereby certify to the best of our
knowledge that the foregoing
statement
is true and correct and all available information
and
data
have
been
supplied
herein,
and
that
we
agree
to
provide
documentary proof
upon your request.
注释:
(
1
)
hereby
p>
:特此
(
2
)
to
the best of our knowledge
:
as
far as we know
据我们所知
< br>(
3
)
foregoing
statement
:
above-mentioned
statement
上述声明
9
(
4
)<
/p>
herein
:
in this, in
the statement
在声明中
(
5
)
documentary
proof
:证明文件
参考译文:
特此证明,据我们所知,
上述声明内容真实,正确无误,并提供了全部
现有的资料和数据,我们同意,应贵方要求
出具证明文件。
例
3
:
This Contract is hereby made and
concluded by and between Co.
(hereinafter
referred to as
Party
A)
and
Co. (hereinafter
referred to as Party
B) on (Date), in (Place), China, on
the principle of equality and mutual
benefit and through amicable
consultation.
注释:
(
1
)
her
eby
:特此
(
2
)
hereinafter referred to
as Party A
:以下称甲方
(
3
)
on
the principle of equality and mutual
benefit
:在平等互
利基础上
(
4
)
thr
ough amicable
consultation
:通过友好协商
参考译文:
本合同双方,
公司(以下称甲方)与
公司
(以下称乙方)
,在
平等互利基础上,通过友好协商,于
年
月
日在中
国
(地点)
,特签订本合同。
例
4
:
This agreement is hereby made and
entered into on (Date), by
and
between Co. China (hereinafter referred to as
Party A)
and Co. (hereinafter
referred to as Party B).
注释:
(
1
)
thi
s agreement is hereby made and entered
into
:特此订立本
协议
在法律文件中表示“订立本协议”可用以下
4
个
动词:
sign (make,
conclude or
enter into) this agreement,
按照同义词连用的写作特
点,可用上述
4
个动词中的两个来表示
)
。
(
2<
/p>
)
hereinafter referred to as
Party B
:以下简称乙方
二
hereof
英文释义
: of this
中文译
词
:
关于此点;在本文件中
10
用法
:
在表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的??”时,使用该词。
例如表示本合同条件、条款时,可以说“the terms, conditions and
provisions
hereof”,这里
hereof
表示“of this
Contract”;又如
表示本工程的任何部分,可用“any parts her
eof”,这里
hereof
表示
“o
f this Works”。
语法:一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。
hereof
和
thereof
< br>的区别:
hereof
强调“of
this”。
例如,
上面的“the
terms,
conditions
and
provisions
th
ereof”中的
thereof
表示
of
the
Contract
;“any parts thereof”
中的
thereof
表示
of the
Works
。
例
1
Whether the custom of the Port is
contrary to this Clause or not,
the
owner
of
the
goods
shall,
without
interruption,
by
day
and
night,
including
Sundays
and
holidays
(if
required
by
the
carrier),
supply
and
take
delivery
of
the
goods.
Provided
that
the
owner
of
the
goods
shall be liable for
all losses or damages including demurrage
incurred in default on the provisions
hereof.
注释:
(
1
)
Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this
Clause
or
not
:
不论港口习惯是否与本款规定相反,
whether?
or
not:
不论??
是否
(
2
)
the owner of the goods
:货方
(
3
)
without interruption
:无间断地
(
4
)
carrier
:承运人
(
5
)
in
default on the provisions
hereof
:违反本款规定
hereof
:
of this Clause
参考译文:
不论港口习惯是否与本款
规定相反,货方都应昼夜地,包括星期日和假
日(如承运人需要)
,无间断地提供和提取货物。货方对违反本款规定所
引起的所有损失或损坏,包括滞期
应负担赔偿责任。
例
2
Foreign
trade
dealers
as
mentioned
in
this
Law
shall,
in
accordance
with the
provisions hereof, cover such legal entities and
other
organization as are engaged in
foreign trade dealings.
注释:
11
(
1
)
foreign trade
dealers
:对外贸易经营者
(
2
)
as
mentioned in this Law
:本法所称
(
3
)
the provisions hereof
:
the
provisions of this Law
本法规
定
(
4
)
legal entity
:法人
(
5
)
be
engaged in foreign trade dealings
:从事对外贸
易经营活
动
参考译文:
本法所称对外贸易经营者
,是指依照本法规定从事对外贸易经营活动的
法人和其他组织。
例
3
The
establishment of a limited liability company or a
company
limited by shares shall comply
with the conditions and provisions
of
this
Law.
A
company
complying
with
the
conditions
and
provisions
hereof
may
be
registered
as
a
limited
liability
company
or
a
company
limited
by
shares.
Provided
that
if
a
company
fails
to
comply
with
the
conditions
and
provisions
hereof,
the
company
in
question
shall
not be registered as a limited
liability company or a company
limited
by shares.
注释:
(
1
)
a
limited liability
company
:有限责任公司
(
2
)
a
company limited by
shares
:股份有限公司
(
p>
3
)
provisions
hereof
:本法规定
hereof: of this
Law
(
4
)
may
be registered as
:登记为
参考译文:
设立有限责任公司、股份
有限公司,必须符合本法规定的条件。符合本
法规定的条件的,登记为有限责任公司或者
股份有限公司;不符合本法
规定的条件的,不得登记为有限责任公司或股份有限公司。<
/p>
例
4
If,
as a result of withdrawal or any other reasons, an
arbitrator
fails to perform his duties
as an arbitrator, another arbitrator
shall, in accordance with the
provisions hereof, be selected or
appointed.
注释:
(
1
)
as
a result of withdrawal or any other
reasons
:回避或者
其它原因
12
(
2
)
arbitrator
:仲裁员
(
3
)
the provisions hereof
:
the
provisions of this Law
本法规
定
(
4
)
be
selected or appointed
:选定或指定
参考译文:
仲裁员因回避或者其它原
因不能履行职责的,应当依照本法规定重新选
定或指定仲裁员。
例
5
In the event
of conflict between the provisions on arbitration
formulated and prepared prior to the
effective date of this Law
and
the
provisions
of
this
Law,
the
provisions
hereof
shall
prevail.
注释:
(
1
)
conflict
:相抵触
(
2
)
prior to the effective date of this
Law
:本法施行前
(
3
)
the provisions hereof shall
prevail
:以本法为准
hereof
:
of this Law
参考译文:
本法施行前制定的有关仲
裁的规定与本法的规定相抵触的,以本法为准。
例
6
Where, in
accordance with laws, the circumstance(s)
specified in
Article
15
and
Article
16
of
this
Law
is
/are
confirmed,
the
organization
with
compensatory
obligations
shall
pay
compensation
in any of the
circumstance in question.
Where the
claimant for compensation demands the confirmation
of
one of the circumstances specified
in Article 15 and Article 16
hereof,
and
the
demanded
organization
refuses
to
make
the
confirmation,
the
claimant
shall
have
the
right
to
lodge
a
complaint.
Where
the
claimant
claims
compensation,
the
claim,
shall,
first,
be
lodged
to
the
organization
for
compensatory
obligations.
The
provisions
of
Article
10,
Article
11
and
Article
12
hereof
shall
apply to/ in the
procedures of compensation.
注释:
(
1
)
the organization with compensatory obligations
:赔偿义务
机关
(
2
)
shall pay
compensation
:应当给予赔偿
13
(
3
)
the claimant for
compensation
:赔偿请求人
(
4
)
Article 15 and Article 16
hereof
:本法第十五条、第十六条
hereof
:
of this
Law
(
5
)
shall have the right to lodge a
complaint
:有权申诉
(
6
)
claims compensation
:要求赔偿
(
7
)
apply
to/
in
:
适用
More
Examples:
The
comment
applies
equally
here. /That argument
does not apply in this case. /That applies
to
at
least
nine-tenths
of
the
people
we
see
about.
/These
remarks
apply to every town
in this kingdom. /The rules of safe driving
apply to everyone.
参考译文:
赔偿义务机关对依法确认
有本法第十五条、第十六条规定的情形之一的,
应当给予赔偿。
赔偿请求人要求确认有本法第十五条、第十六条规定情形之一的,被要
< br>求的机关不予确认的,赔偿请求人有权申诉。赔偿请求人要求赔偿,应
当先向赔偿
义务机关提出。赔偿程序适用本法第十条、第十一条、第十
二条的规定。
例
7
If
an
arbitrator
involved
in
one
of
circumstances
specified
in
Item
4,
Article
34
of
this
Law,
and
if
it
is
serious,
or
those
specified
in Item 6, Article 58 hereof, the
arbitrator in question shall,
in
accordance
with
the
law,
bear
the
legal
liability
and
responsibility. The arbitration
commission shall remove the name
of the
arbitrator in question from the list of
arbitrators.
注释:
(
1
)
arbitrator
:仲裁员
(
2
)
Article 58 hereof
:本法第五十八条
hereof
:
of this Law
(
3
)
bear the legal liability and
responsibility
:承担法律责任
(
4
)
the arbitration
commission
:仲裁委员会
(
5
)
remove the name of the arbitrator in question from
the list
of
arbitrators
:将其除名
参考译文:
仲裁员有本法第三十四条
第四项规定的情形,情节严重的,或者有本法
第五十八条第六项规定的情形的,应当依法
承担法律责任,仲裁委员会
应当将其除名。
例
8
14
If,
pursuant
to
this
Law,
the
relevant
responsible
authorities
with
the
duty
of
approvals
fail
to
grant
approval
to
such
an
application
as meets the
requirements and provisions hereof, or the company
registration
authorities
fail
to
register
a
company
whose
application meets the requirements
hereof, the party in question
may, in
accordance with laws, apply for reconsideration or
bring
an administrative suit.
注释:
(
1
)
the
relevant
responsible
authorities
with
the
duty
of
approvals
:履行审批
职责的有关主管部门
(
2
)
meets the requirements and provisions
hereof
:符合本法条
件
(
3
)
the company registration authorities
:负责
公司登记的主管
部门
(
4
)
the requirements hereof
:本法条件
hereof: of this Law
(
5
)
apply for
reconsideration
:申请复议
(
6
)
bring an administrative
suit
:提起行政诉讼
参考译文:
依照本法,履行审批职责
的有关主管部门,对符合本法条件的申请不予
批准,或负责公司登记的主管部门不予登记
,当事人可以依法申请复议
或者提起行政诉讼。
例
9
This Decision
shall apply to the crimes committed against
Article
9, Article 10 and Article 11
hereof by the staff and workers of
enterprises other than limited
liability companies and companies
limited by shares.
注释:
(
1
)
the crimes committed
:犯罪行为
(
2
)
against Article 9, Article 10 and Article 11 hereo
f
:犯有
本决定第九条、第十条、第十一条规定
hereof: of this Decision
参考译文:
有限责任公司、股份有限
公司以外的企业职工有本决定第九条、第十条、
第十一条规定的犯罪行为的,适用本决定
。
例
10
Companies registered and established
prior to the effective date
of
this
Law
shall,
in
accordance
with
Laws,
administrative
15
regulations,
local
regulations
and
pursuant
to
the
“Standard
Opinion
on
Limited
Liability
Companies”
or
the
“Stand
ard
Opinion
on
Companies
Limited
by
Shares”
issued
by
the
relevant
responsible
department of
the State Council, continue to exist.
Those
companies
not
completely
satisfying
the
requirements
of
this
Law shall, within the
specified time limit, meet the requirements
hereof. Specific methods for
implementation of this Law will be
set
out in separate regulations issued by the State
Council.
注释:
(
1
)
companies
registered
:已登记成立的公司
(
2
)
the “Standard Opinion on Limited
Liability
Companies”:
《有限责任公司规范意见》
(
3
)
the “Standard Opinion on Companies
Limited by
Shares”:
《股份有限公司规范意见》
(
4
)
the relevant responsible department of the State
Council
国务院有关主管部门
(
5
)
in
separate regulations issued by the State
Council
:由国
务院另行规定
参考译文:
本法施行前已登记成立的
公司,应依照法律、行政法规、地方性法规和
国务院有关主管部门制定的《有限责任公司
规范意见》
,和《股份有限公
司规范意见》
,继续保留。其中不完全具备本法规定的条件的,应当在规
定的期限内达到本法规定
的条件。具体实施办法,由国务院另行规定。
例
11
Unfair
competition mentioned in this Law refers to acts
of such
business operators as
contravene the provisions hereof, with a
result
of
damaging
the
lawful
rights
and
interests
of
other
business operators,
and disturbing the socio-economic order.
注释:
(
1
)
unfair competition
:不正当竞争
(
2
)
business operators
:经营者
(
3
)
contravene
the
provisions
hereof
:
违
反
本
法<
/p>
规
定
the
provisions
hereof
:本法规定
hereof
:
of this Law
(
4
)
the lawful rights and
interests
:合法权益
(
5
)
disturbing the socio-economic
order
:扰乱社会经济秩序
参考译文:
16
本法所称的不正当竞争,是指经营者违反本法规定,损害
其他经营者的
合法权益,扰乱社会经济秩序的行为。
三
hereto
英文释义
: to this
中文译
词
:
至此,在此上。
用法
:
在表示上文已提及的“本合同的??本文件的?
?”时,使用该
词。例如表示“本合同双方”,可以说“the Parties
hereto”,这里
hereto
表示“to this C
ontract”;表示“本协议附件
4”,可用
“Appen
dix 4 hereto”,这里
hereto
表示“to
this Agreement”。
语法:一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。
hereto
和
thereto
< br>的区别:同前面所言
hereof
和
thereof
的区别类似,
hereto
强调的是“to this”。
例
1
All disputes
arising from the performance of this Contract
shall,
through amicable negotiations,
be settled by the Parties hereto.
Should, through negotiations, no
settlement be reached, the case
in
question shall then be submitted for arbitration
to the China
International Economic and
Trade Arbitration Commission, Beijing
and
the
arbitration
rules
of
this
Commission
shall
be
applied.
The
award
of
the
arbitration
shall
be
final
and
binding
upon
the
Parties
hereto. The
Arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party
unless otherwise awarded by the
Arbitration Commission.
注释:
(
1
)
the performance of this
Contract
:履行本合同
(
2
)
through amicable
negotiations
:友好协商
(
3
)
the Parties hereto
:
the
Parties to this
Contract
本合同双
方
(
4
)
shall then be submitted for
arbitration
:提交进行仲裁
(
5
)
the
China
International
Economic
and
Trade
Arbitration
Commission,
Beijing
:中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会(北京)
(
6
)
the arbitration rules of this
Commission
:其仲裁规则
(
7
)
the award of the
arbitration
:仲裁裁决
(
8
)
unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Commis
sion
:
仲裁委员会另有裁定的除外
17
参考译文:
对于因履行本合同所发生
的一切争议,本合同双方应友好协商解决,如
协商无法解决争议,则应将争议提交中国国
际经济贸易仲裁委员会(北
京)
,依据其仲裁规则进行仲裁。仲
裁裁决是终局性的,对双方都有约束
力。仲裁费用应由败诉方承担,但仲裁委员会另有裁
定的除外。
例
2
“Patented
Technology” means such patent, and such
applications
for
the
patent
as
are
presently
owned
or
will
hereafter
be
acquired
in
the future by Party B, or as Party B has or may
have the right
to
control,
or
as
are
permitted
to
be
transferred
during
the
effective period of this
Contract in any or all countries of the
world, and as are applicable to or may
be used in the manufacture
of Contract
Products specified by the Parties hereto.
注释:
(
1
)
patented technology
:专利技术
(
2
)
patent
:专利
(
3
)
application for the
patent
:专利申请
(
4
)
may have the right to
control
:可能有权控制的
(
5
)
permitted to be transferred in any or all
countries of the
world
:在世界任何国家许可转让
(
6
)
Contract Products specified by the Parties hereto<
/p>
:本合同
双方规定的本合同产品
hereto: to this Contract
参考译文:
“专利技术”,系指乙方
目前拥有的或未来获得的,或乙方有权或可能
有权控制的,或在本合同有效期间在世界任
何国家许可转让的,适用于
或可能适用制造本合同双方规定的本合同产品的专利和专利申
请。
例
3
“Technical
Documents”
means
the
data
and
the
information
specified
in
Appendix
1
hereto,
such
as
engineering,
manufacturing
and
original
information
relating
to
the
manufacture
and
maintenance
of
the
Contract
Products,
including
drawings,
blueprints, design
sheets, material specifications, photographs,
photostats and general data, and design
and their specifications
relating
to
manufacturing
euipment,
tools
and
facilities.
Provided
18
that
the
above-
mentioned
information
shall
be
such
information
as
is
only
available
to
Party
B
and
applicable
to
the
business
operation of Party
A under this Contract.
注释:
(
1
)
technical documents
:技术资料
(
2
)
the data and the
information
:资料
(
3
)
engineering
:工程
(
4
)
manufacturing
:制造
(
5
)
original information
:原始资料
(
6
)
blueprint
:蓝本
(
7
)
design sheets
:设计图表
(
8
)
material specifications
:材料规格
(
9
)
photostats
:影印资料
(
10
)
general data
:一般资料
(
11
)
design and their specifications relating to
manufacturing
euipment, tools and facil
ities
:与制造设备、工具和装置有关的设
计及其说明书<
/p>
参考译文:
“技术资料”系指列于附件
1
与制造和维修合同产品有关的工程
、制造
及原始资料,包括与制造设备、工具和装置有关的图纸、蓝本、设计图
表、材料规格、照片、影印资料和一般资料、设计及其说明书等,但上
述资
料仅限于乙方拥有的资料和甲方用于本合同业务活动的资料。
例
4
If
Party
B
demands
to
audit
the
accounts
of
Party
A,
Party
B
shall,
within 10 days after
receiving the written notice issued by Party
A
under
Sub-
Clause
3.4
of
this
Contract,
notify
Party
A
of
the
mater
in
question.
The
specific
contents
and
procedure
of
auditing
accounts are
detailed in Appendix 4 hereto.
注释:
(
1
)
audit the accounts of Party
A
:查核甲方的帐目
(
2
)
Sub-Clause 3.4 of this Contract
:本合同第
3.4
款
(
3
)
the specific contents and procedure of auditing ac
counts
:
其具体的查帐内容和程序
(
4
)
Appendix 4 hereto
:本合同附件
4
hereto
:
to this Contract
参考译文:
19
乙方如需查核甲方的帐目时,应在接到甲方依上述本合同
第
3.4
款规定
开出的书面通知后
p>
10
天之内通知甲方,其具体的查帐内容和程序详见本
合同附件
4
。
例
5
The
parties
to
this
Agreement
agree
that
either
Party
hereto
shall,
immediately and
fully, notify the other Party hereto of any such
matters
comprising
an
improvement,
modification,
further
invention or design as the Party in
question may discover, make
or
develop
with
respect
to
manufacture
and
assembly
of
the
Licensed
Products or
components thereof.
The Party
discovering, making or developing the subject
matter in
question
may,
at
its
own
expense
and
its
own
name,
file
application
for Letter
Patent or take other necessary legal steps to
protect
the
same,
and
any
patent
arising
therefrom
shall
belong
to
the
Party
in
question. The other Party may, during the
effective period
hereof,
make
use
of,
and
sell
products
utilizing
such
improvement,
modification,
further invention or design (whether patented or
un-patented)
without
charge
and
royalty
fee
in
any
manner
consistent with this agreement.
注释:
(
1
)
either
Party
hereto
:
本协议各方
(不译成“one
Party
hereto)
。
(
2
)
improvement, modification, further invention or de
sign
:
改进、修正、更新本发明或设计
(
3
)
discover, make or develop
:开发
(
4
)
manufacture
and
assembly
of
the
Licensed
Products
or
components
thereof
:生产及装配许可证产品或部件
(
5
)
file application for Letter
Patent
:申请专利
(
6
)
take other necessary legal steps to protect the
same
:其
它必要的法律保护程序
the same: Letter Patent
(
7
)
any patent arising
therefrom
:由此产生的专利
(
8
)
consistent with this
agreement
:与本协议不相矛盾
参考译文:
本协议各方同意,一方对
于有关生产及装配许可证产品或部件所做的改
进、修正、更新发明或设计均应立即全部通
知另一方。开发改进的一方
可以自负费用并以自身名义申请专利或采取其它必要的法律保
护程序,
20
由此产生的专利将属
于该方所有。在本协议的有效期内,另一方可以与
本协议不相矛盾的方式无偿使用和销售
利用改进、修正、更新本发明或
设计(无论其是否取得专利权)生产的产品。
例
6
The Parties to this Agreement agree
that Y shall supply to FCAM
certain
license
and
technical
assistance
for
manufacturing
Products.
The
Technical
Assistance
Agreement
to
be
concluded
between
FCAM
and
Y
shall
be
deemed
to
be
an
attachment
as
Appendix
2 hereto
(hereinafter referred to as the “Technical
Assistance
Agreement”).
注释:
(
1
)
certain license and technical assistance for
manufacturing
Products
:有关生产产
品的许可证和技术服务
(
2
)
the technical assistance
agreement
:技术服务协议
(
3
)
Appendix 2 hereto
:本协议附件
2
hereto
:
to this Agreement
参考译文:
本协议双方同意
Y
将向
FCAM
提供有
关生产产品的许可证和技术服务,
FCAM
和
< br>Y
将订立技术服务协议并作为本协议附件
2
(以下称作“技术服
务协议”)
。
< br>
例
7
The Parties to this Agreement agree and
ensure that FCAM will, to
the maximum
extent practicably possible, use the forms
required
by Y for such data on
management and financial information as are
given by FCAM to the Parties hereto,
and that FCAM shall prepare
and keep
accounting and financial records and books
available for
inspection or audit by
either Party hereto.
注释:
(
1
)
to
the maximum extent practicably possible
:尽实际可能最
大限度地
(
2
)
data on management and financial information
:管理和财务
信息材料
(
3
)
prepare
and
keep
accounting
and
financial
records
and
books
:
建好会计和财务帐目
(
4
)
available for inspection or audit by either Party
hereto
:
21
以备本协议各方的检查或审计
either Party
hereto
:
either Party to
this
Agreement
本协议双方
inspection
:检查
audit
:审计
参考译文:
本协议双方同意保证
p>
FCAM
将尽实际可能最大限度地使用
Y<
/p>
所要求的表格
式样,用于
FCAM
向协议各方提供管理和财务信息材料;并且
FCAM
< br>应建
好会计和财务帐目以备协议双方的检查或审计。
例
8
The Parties to this Agreement agree
that the Board of Directors
authorized
by the Parties hereto to administrate or manage
FCAM
shall
be
responsible
for
approving
the
overall
business
management
plan of the
company, and monitoring the execution of the plan
in
question. Provided that the business
management plan in question
shall be
submitted to the Parties hereto for review and
approval.
注释:
(
1
)
Board of Directors authorized by the Parties heret
o
:本协
议双方授权的董事会
hereto
:
to this Agreement
(
2
)
to
administrate or manage
FCAM
:管理
FCAM
administrate
:行
政管理
manage
:业务管理
(
3
)
the overall business management plan of the
company
:公司
整体经营计划
(
4
)
monitor the execution of the plan in
question
:监督该计划
的执行
(
5
)
review and approval
:审阅和批准
参考译文:
本协议双方同意授权管理
FCAM
的董事会对公司整体经营计划的报批和监
督执行负责。该经营计划需要提交协议双方审阅和批准。
例
9
The
Parties
to
this
Agreement
agree,
and
will
cause
FCAM
to
agree,
that Y will sell to
FCAM, and FCAM will buy from Y, all such
specialized
machinery
and
equipment
as
is
determined
through
mutual consultation
by and between Y and FCAM for the effective
utilization of the technical know-how
supplied by Y to FCAM under
the
Technical
Assistance
Agreement
at
such
prices
and
on
such
terms
and
conditions
as
are
determined
by
and
between
the
Parties
hereto.
22
注释:
(
1
)
specialized
machinery
and
p>
equipment
:
特定机器设备
equipment
:
(单数形式)设备<
/p>
(
2
)
determined through mutual
consultation
:协商决定
(
3
)
the effective utilization of the technical know-
how
:有效
使用技术诀窍
(
4
)
terms and conditions
:条件
(
5
)
(such?) as:作关系代词,意为
which,
that
参考译文:
本协议双方同
意并将使
FCAM
同意
Y
将向
FCAM
出售,
FCA
M
从
Y
购买经过
Y
和
FCAM
协商决定的特定机器设
备,
以保证根据技术服务协议由
Y
向<
/p>
FCAM
提供的技术诀窍得到有效使用,并以协议双方同意的价格
和条件成交。
例
10
The
termination of this Contract shall not in any way
affect the
outstanding claims and
liabilities existing between the Parties
hereto
upon
the
expiration
of
the
validity
of
the
Contract
and
the
debtor
shall
continue
to
be
kept
liable
for
paying
the
outstanding
debts to the
creditor.
注释:
(
1
)
the termination of this
Contract
:本合同期满
(
2
)
outstanding claims and
liabilities
:未了债务
(
3
)
debtor
:债务人
(
4
)
creditor
:债权人
参考译文:
本合同期满时,双方之间
发生的未了债务不受合同期满的影响,债务人
应向债权人继续支付未了债务。
四
herein
英文释义
:in this
中文译词
:
此中,于此
用法
:
表示上文已提及的“本合同(中)的??,本法(中)
的??”等
时,
使用该词。
如表示“本
法
(中)
所称的不正当竞争”,
可译为
“unfair
competition mentioned
herein”,此处
herein
表示“in this L
aw”;
表示“本协议
(中)
内容”,
译为“the
Contents
h
erein”,
此处
herein
表示
“in this Agreement”。
23
语法:置于所修饰词后
,
紧邻所修饰词
.
例
1
Unfair
competition mentioned in this Law refers to such
acts of
business operators as
contravene the provisions hereof, with a
result
of
damaging
the
lawful
rights
and
interests
of
other
business operators,
and disturbing the socio-economic order.
Business operators mentioned herein
refer to such legal persons,
other
economic
organizations and individuals
as engage
in
the
trading
of
goods
or
profit-making
services
(hereafter
called
Goods
including services).
注释:
(
1
)
unfair competition
:不正当竞争
(
2
)
mentioned in this Law
:本法所称
(
3
)
refer to
:是指
(
4
)
contravene the provisions
hereof
:违反本法规定
(
5
)
damage the lawful rights and interests of other
business
operators
:损害其他经营者的合
法权益
(
6
)
disturb the socio-economic
order
:扰乱社会经济秩序
(
7
)
business operators
mentioned
herein
:本法所称的经营者
herein
:
in this
Law
(
8
)
engage in the trading of goods or profit-making se
rvices
:
从事商品经营或营利性服务
engage in
:从事,
be engaged
in
:忙于
参考译文:
本法所称的不正当竞争,
是指经营者违反本法规定,损害其他经营者的
合法权益,扰乱社会经济秩序的行为。
p>
本法所称的经营者,是指从事商品经营或营利性服务(以下所称商
品包
括服务)的法人、其他经济组织和个人。
例
2
This
Law
is
hereby
formulated
and
prepared
in
order
to
develop
the
foreign trade, maintain
the foreign trade order and promote the
healthy development of the socialist
market economy.
Foreign trade mentioned
herein shall cover the import and export
of goods, technology and the
international trade in services.
注释:
24
(
1
)
this Law is hereby formulated and
prepared
:兹制定本法
(
2
)
maintain the foreign trade
order
:维护对外贸易秩序
(
3
)
promote the healthy development of the socialist
market
economy
:促进社会主义市场经济的健康
发展
(
4
)
foreign trade mentioned
herein
:本法所称对外贸易
herein
:
in this Law
(
5
)
the international trade in
services
:国际服务贸易
参考译文:
为了发展对外贸易,维护
对外贸易秩序,促进社会主义市场经济的健康
发展,兹制定本法。本法所称对外贸易,是
指货物进出口、技术进出口
和国际服务贸易。
例
3
The term “company” mentioned herein
refers to such a limite
d
liability
company
or
such
a
company
limited
by
shares
as
are
established within the
territory of China in accordance with this
Law.
注释:
(
1
)
mentioned herein
:
mentioned
in this Law
本法所称
(
2
)
limited liability
company
:有限责任公司
(
3
)
company limited by
shares
:股份有限公司
(
4
)
within the territory of
China
:在中国境内
参考译文:
本法所称公司是指依照本
法在中国境内设立的有限责任公司和股份有限
公司。
例
4
Illegal
gains
from
the
crimes
as
specified
in
this
Decision
shall,
if any, be
confiscated. Where those commit crimes against the
provisions herein, with their illegal
gains to be confiscated, a
fine
imposed
on,
their
property
forfeited
and
a
civil
compensation
assumed
by,
and
their
property
and
assets
are
insufficient
for
the
payments of all the
above items, they shall first be liable for
the civil compensation.
注释:
(
1
)
illegal gains
:违法所得
25
(
2
)
shall be confiscated
:应当予以没收
(
3
)
the provisions herein
:
the
provisions in this Decision
本
决定规定
(
4
)
illegal gains to be
confiscated
:被没收违法所得
(
5
)
a
fine imposed on
:判处罚金
(
6
)
property forfeited
:没收财产
(
7
)
a
civil compensation assumed
by
:承担民事赔偿责任
参考译文:
犯本决定规定之罪有违法所得的,应当予以没收。
犯本决定规定之罪,被没收违法所得、判处罚金、没收财产、承担民事
责任
的,其财产不足以支付时,先承担民事赔偿责任。
例
5
The terms
“FOB”, “CFR” or “CIF” shall be subject to the
“International
Rules
for
the
Interpretation
of
Trade
Terms”
(INCOTERMS, 2000) provided by
International Chamber of Commerce
(ICC)
unless otherwise specified herein (in this
Contract).
注释:
(
1
)
p>
(
1
)“FOB”(
free on board
)(?Named port of shipment
):
船上交货(?<指定装运港
>
)<
/p>
(
2
)
p>
(
2
)
“CFR”
(
Cost
and
Freight
)
(?Named
port
of
destinati
on):
成本加运费(?<指定目的港
>
)
(
3
)
p>
(
3
)“CIF”(
Cost,
Insurance
and
Freight
)(?Named
port
of
destinati
on)
:成本、保险费加运费(??<指定目的港
>
)
(
4
)
(
4
)
the
“International
Rules
for
the
Interpretation
of
Trade
Terms”
(INCOTERMS,
2000):
《国际贸易术语解释通则
(
INCOTERMS
)
2000
》
参考译文:
除非本合同另有规定,“
FOB”、“CFR”和“CIF”均应依照国际商会制
定的《国际贸易术语解释通则(
INCOTERMS
)
2000
》办理。
例
6
Unless
otherwise expressly provided for herein, if all
disputes,
controversies or differences
arising out of or in relation to the
execution of this Agreement between the
Parties hereto, or any
breach or
default of the provisions hereof (including but
not
limited
to,
a
dispute
concerning
the
existence
or
continued
26
existence of this Agreement, and the
validity of the Arbitration
Clause)
fail to be settled amicably, the disputes,
controversies
or differences in
question shall be submitted for arbitration.
注释:
(
1
)
unless otherwise expressly provided for
herein
:除非另有
明确表示
herein
:
in this Agreement
(
2
)
dispute
:争议
(
3
)
controversy
:纠纷
(
4
)
difference
:歧意
(
5
)
the Parties hereto
:
the
Parties to this
Agreement
本协议双
方
(
6
)
any breach or default of the provisions
hereof
:任何违约
及过失
(
7
)
including but not limited
to
:包括,但不限于
(
8
)
the validity of the Arbitration
Clause
:仲裁条款有效性
arbitration clause
仲裁条款
参考译文:
除非另有明确表示,则由
于执行本协议所引发或与本协议有关的协议双
方的所有争议、纠纷或歧意,以及任何违约
及过失(包括,但不限于有
关本协议存续的争议,仲裁条款有效性的争议)
,如不能以友好协商的方
式解决,则提交仲裁。
例
7
The
Agent
shall,
pursuant
to
the
conditions
and
provisions
specified
herein,
on
the
Disbursement
Date,
credit
the
funds
received to such account as is
specified by the Borrower under
Sub-
Clause 2.2 of this Contract.
注释:
(
1
)
the Agent
:
correspondent bank
代理行
(
2
)
pursuant
to
the
conditions
and
provisions
specified
herein
:
按照本合同规定的条件
herein
:
in this Contract
(
3
)
on
the Disbursement Date
:在付款日
(
4
)
credit the funds
received
:贷记入所收资金
(
5
)
the Borrower
:借款人
参考译文:
代理行应按照本合同规定
的条件,在付款日将所收资金贷记入借款人根
27
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trot-mako
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trot-mako
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