glitter2018年高考英语全国卷1【附解析】

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绝密★启用前

第二节

(

共

15

小题；每小题

1.5

分

满分

22.5

分

)

听下面

5

段对话 或独白

.

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，

从题中所给的

A

、

B

、

C

三个

选项中选出最佳选项 。

听每段对话或独白前，

你将有时间阅读各个小题，

5

秒钟；

听完后， 各小题将给出

5

秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

在

2018

年普 通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英

语

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注意事项：

1

．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2

．

回答选择题时 ，

选出每小题答案后

,

用铅笔把答题卡 上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非 选择题时，将答案写在答题

卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3

．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分

听力

(

共两 节

,

满分

30

分

)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。 录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的

答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节

(

共

5

小题；每小题

1.5

分< /p>

,

满分

7.5

分

)

听下面

5

段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的

A

、

、

C

三个选项中选出< /p>

最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，

你都有

10

秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

< br>每

段对话仅读一遍。

例：

How much is the shirt

？

A. ?19.15.

B. ?9.18.

C. ?9.15.

答案是

C

.

1.

What will James do tomorrow

？

A. Watch a TV program.

B. Give a talk.

C. Write a report.

2. What can we say about the woman

？

A. She’s generous.

B. She’s curious.

C. She’s helpful.

3. When does the train leave

？

A. At 6

：

30.

B. At 8

：

30.

C. At 10

：

30.

4.

How does the woman go to work

？

A. By car.

B. On foot.

C. By bike.

5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers

？

A. Classmates.

B. Teacher and student.

C. Doctor and patient.

英语试卷

第

1

页（共

22

页）

听第

6

段材料，回答第

6

、

7

题。

< br>

6. What does the woman regret

？

A. Giving up her research.

B. Dropping out of college.

C. Changing her major.

7. What is the woman interested in studying now

？

A. Ecology.

B. Education.

听第

7

段材料，回答第

8

、

9

题。

8. What is the man

？

A. A hotel manager.

B. A tour guide.

9. What is the man doing for the woman

？

A. Looking for some local foods.

B. Showing her around the seaside.

C. Offering information about a hotel.

听第

8

段材料，回答第

10

至

12

题。

10. Where does the conversation probably take place

？

A. In an office.

B. At home.

11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening

？

A. Go to a concert.

B. Visit a friend.

12. Who is Alice going to call

？

A. Mike.

B. Joan.

听第

9

段材 料，回答第

13

至

16

题。

13.

Why does the woman meet the man

？

A.

To look at an apartment.

B.

To deliver some furniture.

C.

To have a meal together.

英语试卷

第

2

页（共

22

页）

C. Chemistry.

C. A taxi driver.

C. At a restaurant.

C. Work extra hours.

C. Catherine.

14.

What does the woman like about the carpet

？

A. Its color.

B. Its design.

C. Its quality.

15.

What does the man say about the kitchen

？

A. It’s a good size.

B. It’s newly painted.

C. It’s adequately equipped.

16.

What will the woman probably do next

？

A.

Go downtown.

B.

Talk with her friend.

C.

Make payment.

听第

10

段材料，回答第

17

至

20

题。

17. Who is the speaker probably talking to

？

A. Movie fans.

B. News reporters.

C. College students.

18. When did the speaker take English classes

？

A. Before he left his hometown.

B. After he came to America.

C. When he was 15 years old.

19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher

？

A. He’s proud.

B. He’s sympathetic.

C. He’s grateful.

20. What does the speaker mainly talk about

？

A. How education shaped his life.

B. How his language skills improved.

C. How he managed his business well.

第二部分

阅读理解

(

共两节

,

满分

40

分

)

第一节

(

共

15

小题；每小题

2

分

,

满分

30

分

)

阅读下列短文

,

从每题所 给的

A

、

B

、

C

和

D

四个选 项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours

Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.

Duration

：

3 hours

This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with

beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees

and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability – and the

cherry blossoms – disappear!

英语试卷

第

3

页（共

22

页）

Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour

Duration

：

3 hours (4 miles)

Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C.

Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts

and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.

Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.

Duration

：

3 hours

Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals

looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable

guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials,

and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (

路线

) make cycling between the sites

fun and relaxing.

Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour

Duration

：

3 hours (7 miles)

Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C.

Get up close to the monuments and memorials as

you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the

National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and

history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective

vests and safety lights.

21. Which tour do you need to book in advance

？

A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.

B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.

C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.

D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.

22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour

？

A. Meet famous people.

B. Go to a national park.

C. Visit well-known museums.

D. Enjoy interesting stories.

23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide

？

A. City maps.

B. Cameras.

C. Meals.

D. Safety lights.

英语试卷

第

4

页（共

22

页）

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B

Good Morning Britain

’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning,

but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role – showing families how to prepare delicious and

nutritious meals on a tight budget.

In

Save Money

：

Good Food

, she visits a different home each week and with the help of

chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under

?5 per family a day. And the

Good Morning Britain

presenter says she’s been able to put a lot

of what she’s learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13,

and Jack, 11.

“We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway

restaurant,” she explains. “I pay ?5 for a portion (

一份

), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion,

because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes

we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”

The eight-part series (

系列节目

),

Save Money

：

Good Food

, follows in the footsteps of

ITV’s

Save Money

：

Good Health

, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the

vast range of health products on the market.

With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a

different family each week. In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need

of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family’s long weekend of

celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.

24. What do we know about Susanna Reid

？

A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests.

B. She has started a new programme.

C. She dislikes working early in the morning.

D. She has had a tight budget for her family.

25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna

？

A. He buys cooking materials for her.

B. He prepares food for her kids.

C. He assists her in cooking matters.

D. He invites guest families for her.

26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4

？

A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.

B. Provide some advice for the readers.

C. Add some background information.

D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.

27. What can be a suitable title for the text

？

A. Keeping Fit by Eating Smart

B. Balancing Our Daily Diet

C. Making Yourself a Perfect Chef

D. Cooking Well for Less

C

英语试卷

第

5

页（共

22

页）

Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there

has

been

less

coming

and

a

lot

more

going. When

the world

was

still

populated

by

hunter-

gatherers, small, tightly knit (

联系

) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent

of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just

five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.

Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their

languages

too

became

more

settled

and

fewer

in

number.

In

recent

centuries,

trade,

industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory

education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have

caused

many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and

Chinese are increasingly taking over.

At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is

hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken

by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has

only around 200 languages

；

the Americas about 1,000

；

Africa 2,400

；

and Asia and the

Pacific

perhaps

3,200,

of

which

Papua

New

Guinea

alone

accounts

for

well

over

800. The

median

number

(

中位数

)

of

speakers

is

a

mere

6,000,

which

means

that

half

the

world’s

languages are spoken by fewer people than that.

Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (

消亡

), with

only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers),

Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in

Australia (one, with a question-mark)

：

none of these seems to have much chance of survival.

28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times

？

A. They developed very fast.

B. They were large in number.

C. They had similar patterns.

D. They were closely connected.

29. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2

？

A. Complex.

B. Advanced.

C. Powerful.

D. Modern.

30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present

？

A. About 6,800.

B. About 3,400.

C. About 2,400.

D. About 1,200.

英语试卷

第

6

页（共

2 2

页）

31. What is the main idea of the text

？

A. New languages will be created.

B. People’s lifestyles are reflected in languages.

C. Human development results in fewer languages.

D. Geography determines language evolution.

D

We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of

something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (

装置

) well

after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment – and our wallets – as these outdated

devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.

To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues

at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each

product throughout its life – from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device.

This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s.

Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box- set TVs

defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and

LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.

As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn’t throw out our old ones. “The living-

room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ room, and suddenly one day, you have

a TV in every room of the house,” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices

rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We’re not just keeping these old devices –

we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team, old desktop monitors and

box

TVs

with

cathode

ray

tubes

are

the

worst

devices

with

their

energy

consumption

and

contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (

排放

) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007

window.

So

what’s

the

solution

(

解决方案

)

？

The

team’s

data

only

went

up

to

2007,

but

the

researchers

also

explored

what

would

happen

if

consumers

replaced

old

products

with

new

electronics

that

serve

more

than

one

function,

such

as a

tablet

for

word

processing

and TV

viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and

desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.

32. What does the author think of new devices

？

A. They are environment-friendly.

B. They are no better than the old.

C. They cost more to use at home.

D. They go out of style quickly.

英语试卷

第

7

页（共

22

页）

33. Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research

？

A. To reduce the cost of minerals.

B. To test the life cycle of a product.

C. To update consumers on new technology.

D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.

34. Which of the following uses the least energy

？

A. The box-set TV

.

B. The tablet.

C. The LCD TV

.

D. The desktop computer.

35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices

？

A. Stop using them.

B. Take them apart.

C. Upgrade them.

D. Recycle them.

第二节

(

共

5

小题；每小题

< br>2

分

,

满分

10

分

)

根据短文内容，

从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项

.

选项中有两项为多

余选项。

Color is fundamental in home design – something you’ll always have in every room. A

grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll

love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life

？

Professional

？

Or are you just looking

for a place to relax after a long day

？

36

, color is the key to making a room feel the way

you want it to feel.

Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach

this important point.

37

, they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re

really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home

：

the small

ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.

38

. They’re the little spots of color like throw pil

lows, mirrors and baskets that most

of

us

use

to

add

visual

interest

to

our

rooms.

Less

tiring

than

painting

your

walls

and

less

expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit

of being easily changeable.

Medium

color

choices

are

generally

furniture

pieces

such

as

sofas,

dinner

tables

or

bookshelves.

39

. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a

more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.

The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether

you’re

looking

at

wallpaper

or

paint,

the

time,

effort

and

relative

expense

put

into

it

are

significant.

40

.

英语试卷

第

8

页（共

22

页）

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