增幅动名词用法讲解及练习

1. I cannot help laughing.

（我禁不住笑了起来）

（宾语

laughing)

2. You should avoid quarrelling with your sister. (

宾语

quarrelling)

3. You should practice speaking English more. (

宾语

speaking)

注意：上面三个句子中的动词

:help, avoid, practice

只能用动名词作宾语。这类动

词还有：

dislike

厌恶

admit

接受

repent

后悔

acknowledge

承认

enjoy

享受

escape

避免

deny

否认

postpone

延迟

resent

怨恨

mind

介意

miss

错过

risk

冒风险

finish

完成

avoid

避免

delay

耽误

consider

认为

fancy

想象

excuse

原谅

include

包括

imagine

想象

resist

抵制

suggest

建议

……

还有短语类：

keep (on)

继续

don't mind

不介意

cannot help

不禁

give up

放弃

put off

延迟

leave off

停止

burst out

闯出

……

再请注意：有一些动词除了可接动 名词外，也可接不定词

(infinitive)

。例子如下：

1. I prefer living in an apartment. (

动词

prefer

接动名词

living)

2. I prefer to live in an apartment. (< /p>

动词

prefer

接不定词

to live)

像上面两个句子的意思没什么不同。如

prefer

这一类的动词还有：

allow deserve neglect attempt

fear omit begin hate

permit bother intend cease

like recommend continue love

start stop forget regret

propose try continue remember

need ……

其实如

hate,

love,

like

之类动词，接动名词和接不定词的句子，意思是会有些不同

的，这就留给大家去研究吧，hihi……

2.2

作介词

(Preposition)

的宾语

(Object)

1. I'm sorry for giving you so much trouble. (

介词

for

，宾 语

giving)

2. The book is worth reading. (

介词

worth,

宾语

reading)

3. I reached him by calling his office. (

介词

by,

宾语

calling)

4. The police arrested(

逮捕）

him for speeding. (

介词

for,

宾语

speeding)

注意：在下列的句子结构中，介词

in

被省略掉：

1. She is busy (in) correcting her exercises.

2. He spent two hours (in) reading book.

3. There is no use (in) talking with him now.

4. Is it any good (in) taking cold water baths?

2.3

作

名 词

+

介词

的宾 语

请看下列的句子：

1. I have the pleasure of speaking to the famous author. (pleasure of +

宾语

speaking)

2.

He

takes

a

great

interest

in

studying

languages.

(interest

in

+

宾语

studying)

这一类

< /p>

名词

+

介词

的还有：

danger of fear of objection to

delight to habit of opportunity for /of

excuse for experience in love in

reason for ……

三、句子中动名词的逻辑主语

(Implied Subject)

什么是动名词的逻辑主语呢？在句子中，除了原有的主语之外，属于动名词的

主语

，

也就称 为

逻辑主语

， 一般位于动名词的前面。

3.1

在动名词前加

物主代词

（如：

my,

hi s...)

或

名词所有格

(

如：

Mary's,

Dog's...)

1. His coming here helped us a lot. (

主语

/

逻辑主 语

his,

动名词

coming

）

2. Tom's escaping from the prison made trouble for the jailer.(

主语

/< /p>

逻辑主语

Tom,

动名词

escaping)

3.2

作宾语

(Object)

的动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，在动名词前加

物主代词

或

名词

所有格

1. Do you mind my smoking in the romm? (

逻辑主语

my,

动名词

smoking)

2. He insisted on Mary's staying there. (

逻辑主语

Mary,

动名词

staying)

注意：作为逻辑主语的名词

/

代词为无生命时，则用通格（

of the):

1. I cannot say there is no fear of the news spreading among intimate friends.

（逻辑主语

news)

3.3

在下列情况中，不能使用所有格：

3.3.1

代词为

all, both, each, few, several, some, this

等作为逻辑主语时

:

1. I remember all of them saying it .

3.3.2

数词、名词化形容词（如

the three, the old...)

作逻辑主语时：

1. In spite of the three telling the same story, I could not believe

it.

3.3.3

结构中的逻辑主语是名子或短语，或受从句或短语修饰时：

1. Is there any chance of the people in the back of the room talking a little

louder?

四、动名词的语态

4.1

被动式

(being + v-ed)

当动名词的逻辑主语所表示的是动 作的对象时，动名词要用被动语态。

1. He dislikes being interrupted(

被打岔

) in his speech.

2. They couldn't stand being treated(

被对待

) like that.

4.2

完成式

(having + v-ed)

动名词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，要用完成式。

1. We regret having been unable to inform you of the meeting.

2. The students' having done(

完成

) the work so well made us very happy.

4.3

完成式的被动语态

(having been + v-ed)

1. I heard of his having been chosen(

被选为

) to be the coach of the team.

2. Some of our customers complained of having been treated(

被对待

)rudely.

4.4

在动词

need, want, require, deserve

之后的动名词（作为宾语）

，要用主动

语态来表示被动的意思。

1. The flowers in the garden want watering(

需要浇水）

.

2. That's one of those questions that really don't need answering(

不需回答

).

五、作定语

（

Attribute

）

动名词放在所修饰的名词前面作为定语，表示该名词的用途或 有关的动作。

1. sleeping car

卧车

2. walking stick

手杖

3. printing shop

印务馆

4. reading room

阅读室

5. swimming pool

泳池

6. washing machine

洗衣机

7. dining room

饭厅

六、

在英 文正式语体里，

动名词可放在前置词

(Preposition )

后，

以替代副词

/

< br>状语的子

句

(Adverbial Clauses)

例：

1.

In

case

customers

encounter

difficulties,

they

should

ring

the

following

number:...

2. In case of encountering difficulties, customers should ring the following

number:...

第二个句子的

动名词短句

(Gerund

Phrase)

取代第一个句子的

副词子句。

下列都是这类例子：

1. In spite of doing his best, the pupil was reproached. (In spite of )

2. Despite coming in time, the visitors were not admitted. (despite)

3. For all his arguing, the teacher could not convince us. (for all)

4. The fireman distinguished himself by doing his duty to the utmost. (by)

5. In sending us the book you proved to be reliable. (In)

6. Instead of blaming the boy, the teacher encouraged him. (instead of )

7. The girl left without saying a word. (without)

8. The boy was blamed for breaking the window. (for)

9. The children got tired from learning too much. (from)

10.

After

spending

the

holidays

with

us,

our

nephew

went

back

to

England.

(after)

11. Before going to bed, I opened the window. (before)

12. On arriving at the station, John was welcomed by his friends. (on)

13. Since leaving school, I have not seen my teacher. (since)

练习题

1)

Mark

often

attempts

to

escape

_D___

whenever

he

BReaks

TRaffic

regulations.

A)shavingsbeen fined B) to have been fined

C) to be fined D) being fined

2)

My

wife

said

in

her

letter

that

she

would

appreciate

__D__

from

you

sometime.

A) to have heard B) to hear C) for hearing D) hearing

3) The thief took away the woman's wallet without__A__.

A) being seen B) seeing C) him seeing D) seeing him

4)

People

appreciate

_C___with

him

because

he

has

a

good

sense

of

humor.

(CET-4

1998,1)

A) to work B) to have worked C) working D) have working

5) I've enjoyed _B___ to talk with you.

A) to be able B) being able C) to been able D) of being able

6) No one can avoid __B__ by advertisements.

A) to be influenced B) being influenced

C) influencing D) shavings influence

7) They are considering __C__ before the prices go up.

A) of buying the house B) with buying the house

C) buying the house D) to buy the house

8) He thought that __C__.

A) the effort doing the job was not worth B) the effort was not worth in doing

the job

C) it was not worth the effort doing the job D) it was not worth the effort by

doing the job

?9) If I had remembered __A__ the door, the things would not have been stolen.

A) to lock B) locking

C) to have locked D)shavings locked

10) Your shirt needs ___C_. You'd better have it done today.

A) iron B) to iron C) ironing D) being ironed

11)

You

can't

help

__C__

commercials;

every

few

minutes

the

program

is

interrupted to give you one advertisement or another.

A) to hear B) to be heard C) hearing D) with hearing

12) My TRansistor radio isn't working. It _C___.

A) need repairing B) needs to repair

C) needs repairing D) need to be repaired

13) It is no use _B___ me not to worry.

A) you tell B) your telling

C) for you to have told D)shavings told

14) He is very busy _B__ his papers. He is far too busy ____ callers.

A) to write...to receive B) writing...to receive

C) writing...receiving D) to write...for receiving

15)The suspect at last admitted __A__ stolen goods but denied ____ them.

A) receiving...selling

B) to receive...to sell